This book is a new edition of G.E. Moore’s Ethics, originally published in 1912. In it, Moore analyzes the utilitarian account of right and wrong in great detail, defending the doctrine that results ...are the test of right and wrong while rejecting utilitarianism’s hedonistic value theory. The book argues at length against attitudinal accounts of right and wrong, which threaten to undermine the objectivity or moral judgements. It also has important things to say about intrinsic value, free will, the motives of actions, and many other topics. Although Moore’s 1903 Principia Ethica has overshadowed it, Ethics is a rich text that displays great philosophical skill and intellectual candour, and merits careful study in its own right. Moore himself always regarded the book favourably. Thirty years after its publication, he wrote, ‘I myself like it better than Principia Ethica, because it seems to me to be much clearer and far less full of confusions and invalid arguments’. This edition of Ethics includes Moore’s essay, ‘The Nature of Moral Philosophy’. It also contains an introduction by the editor, notes on the text, a brief chronology of Moore’s life, an index, and suggestions for further reading.
Der Band versammelt frühe Aufsätze aus der Zeit von 1897 bis 1904, die ursprünglich vorwiegend in der Zeitschrift 'Mind' veröffentlicht wurden. Diese Schriften Moores werden bis heute in der ...philosophischen Diskussion immer wieder zitiert und haben ihre philosophische Aktualität nicht verloren. Darunter befinden sich die Aufsätze: 'In welchem Sinn, wenn überhaupt, existieren Vergangenheit und Zukunft?', 'Freiheit', 'Das Wesen des Urteils', 'Notwendigkeit', 'Der Wert der Religion', 'Identität', 'McTaggarts 'Studies in Hegelian Cosmology'', 'Erfahrung und Empirismus', 'McTaggerts Ethik', und 'Kants Idealismus'.
Der vorliegende Band vereint Aufsätze Moores, die zwischen den Jahren 1903 und 1922 entstanden sind. Sie alle verdeutlichen Moores Bemühen, vom common sense ausgehend Antworten auf die sich ihm ...stellenden philosophischen Probleme zu finden. Dabei kann sein Stil auch heute noch als Musterbeispiel an Einfachheit, Klarheit und Präzision gelten. Sein in diesem Band vorgelegtes Themenspektrum ist immens, und umfasst neben seiner berühmten Kritik am Idealismus und diversen historischen Untersuchungen zur Philosophie David Humes und William James weitere Überlegungen zu verschiedenen Problemstellungen der Metaphysik und Epistemologie. Abgerundet wird die Sammlung durch zwei metaethische Aufsätze, die nach der Möglichkeit intrinsischer Werte fragen und das Wesen grundlegender moralischer Begriffe zum Thema haben. Der Band eignet sich sowohl für den Moore-Experten, der tiefere Einblicke in dessen philosophische Entwicklung erhalten möchte als auch den Studenten der Philosophie, der hier eine hervorragende Einführung in die Denk- und Argumentationsmuster analytischen Philosophierens erhält.
Abstract Small scale fabrication spaces have shown their potential to support our local supply chains during the collapse of many global supply chain networks at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. ...In anticipation of these spaces becoming more significant in local supply chains, it is increasingly important to reduce their environmental impacts. This work investigates the life cycle of small scale fabrication spaces by interviewing 18 participants from these spaces in the United States. Key insights from the interviews include the following: a) material selection, robust inventory management, and user support for material disposal are factors influencing optimal flow of materials and equipment through a fabrication space; b) lack of information from manufacturers and suppliers is a critical obstacle to achieve optimal use of materials and equipment, and informed decision making related to environmental sustainability and ethical labor practices; c) there are opportunities to take advantage of where financial and sustainability goals align; d) individual motivators for fabrication influences sustainable behaviors; and e) effective education about material and equipment use helps fabrication space users with more sustainable decision making.
Design thinking has become increasingly popular in academic, professional, and colloquial communities as a means to address complex problems. In an era where responses to global issues, such as the ...climate crisis, may have long lasting impressions on the human condition, it is important that the methods for solving these problems are setting solid foundations for future generations. This dissertation investigates sustainable and inclusive factors within the design thinking process based on the premise that these are foundational elements of complex problem solving. Holistically this dissertation studies how design thinking participants perceive success and satisfaction in a design thinking experience. Also, this work includes a particular focus on one of the more tangible stages of the design thinking process -- prototyping -- and uncovers opportunities to improve sustainable practices through drawing insights about the current vulnerabilities in the life cycles of prototyping and making. Key insights from this dissertation include significant struggles at the beginning of the design thinking experiences compared to the end of design thinking experiences (see Chapter 2 and Chapter 3) and suggests that demographic background plays a significant role in how design thinking participants perceive success (see Chapter 2). Notable takeaways about sustainable design thinking practices involve how the lack of transparency in the manufacturing and distribution of needed materials and equipment make it difficult for decision makers to prioritize sustainable, and even social, factors. Instead, cost, availability, and quality remain driving factors for decision making. In addition, the driving purpose for small scale fabrication spaces (such as community, project execution, or skill building) was revealed as an influential factor in sustainable behaviors throughout all stages of the life cycles of small scale fabrication spaces. Overall, future work that aims to reinforce sustainable and inclusive practices in design thinking would benefit from investigating how demographic context and motivation influence perceived value of, and observed behaviors within, design thinking processes.
