The paper describes the case of excavation reclamation after exploitation of gravel, located in the Sola River valley in Rajsko, in the range of the Nature 2000 area Lower Sola Valley (PLB120004), ...within and the vicinity of the Nature 2000 area of Lower Sola (PLH120083), the vicinity of breeding ponds. There is a Quaternary aquifer in the excavation bottom. 540,000 tonnes of waste from a nearby hard coal mine were used for ground works, which filled the excavation after exploitation of gravel. As a part of the field work, conductivity profiling in water reservoirs was performed and physicochemical analyzes of the samples taken from them were performed as well. On the foreground of deposited material, the water conductivity in the reservoir residue exceeded 14 mS/cm. The concentration of chloride was 4667 mg/L - more than 200 times higher than in ponds situated outside the influence of post mining waste. The static leaching tests of the material used to fill the landfill were performed and their chemical composition was determined. Additionally, XRD and XRF analyzes of mining waste, used in engineering works were made. Performed research allowed us to estimate the load of pollutants that will be released into the environment from material that was found harmless in official documents. This paper has systemic importance for the change in the approach to post-mining waste. The authors pointed out that the use of mining waste can only take place in the areas where it will not lead to pollution of the soil and water environment and the need to monitor their actual impact on the environment. They emphasized the need to monitor the impact of the reclaimed area on the environment. It was noted that contrary to common practices, mining waste cannot be treated as an environmentally neutral aggregate.
The cult of the Virgin Mary had a complicated history in Scotland during the sixteenth century, with historical, devotional and literary evidence indicating both widespread acceptance of the church's ...traditional practices and growing dissatisfaction with them, particularly in elite culture. Anti-Marian polemics entered Scottish Christianity through various sources, including the Lollards around Kyle, the prominent witness of Patrick Hamilton, the preaching of Thomas Guillaume and George Wishart, the theological climate at St Leonard's college in St Andrews, as well as a number of popular works. John Knox (1514–72) incorporated many of his contemporaries’ concerns in his own treatment of the question, being trained at St Andrews University and heavily influenced by Guillaume and Wishart. Knox considered the cult of Mary using the same tool that he used to analyse the cult of the saints in general, the mass, and liturgical ritual, contending that they could not be reconciled with his stringent doctrine of sola scriptura, in particular as read through the lens of Deuteronomy 12:32. Yet for all that Mary and her place in Christian life and devotion formed a major aspect of sixteenth-century Scottish religious praxis, Knox gave little attention to her, preferring to indicate her proper place in Christian theology by presenting a vision of Christianity which omitted her almost entirely. Knox does indirectly indicate what he considers to be the proper Christian attitude towards the Virgin, however, through his explication of sola scriptura and its implications for genuine religious practice as opposed to idolatry, and his understanding of 1 Timothy 2:5 and the unique mediation of Christ. Where Knox does directly address the Marian question, he expresses his rejection of her cult in far more restrained terms than readers of his polemics against the mass may expect; while he is firm and unequivocal in denying Mary's intercessory role and in uprooting Marian devotional practice, his rhetorical restraint points to the irreducible dignity of Mary in the scriptural texts. This article analyses the theology of Mary which Knox reveals in occasional comments scattered through his writings and attempts to place his ideas in their historical and theological context. By explicating the precise nature of Knox's objection to the cult of Mary, the article attempts to open the door for future Reformed–Catholic dialogue on the person of Mary and her place in the church of Christ.
The response of cherry tomato to biofertilization with beneficial microorganisms was evaluated under shadehouse conditions. Seeds were inoculated and/or co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense ...(Az) and/or Glomus intraradices (Gi). Thereafter, seedlings of six treatments received two applications of a suspension containing Az + Gi at 15 and 30 days after the transplant, and were compared against a non-inoculated treatment which only received conventional inorganic fertilization. Seed co-inoculation with A. brasilense and G. intraradices plus two applications of Az + Gi at 15 and 30 days after transplant increased on average 6% plant height, 11% leaf area, 10.5% dry biomass and 16% yield of cherry tomato in comparison to traditional fertilization.
A three-dimensional computer-aided analysis system has been developed in this study to simulate the formation, ejection, and impact of a liquid droplet in a squeeze-type piezoelectric inkjet printing ...device. The computer simulation system is based on a solution algorithm (SOLA) scheme for the solution of velocity and pressure fields. It is coupled with volume-of-fluid (VOF) and piecewise-linear interface construction (PLIC) techniques for the transport of
F values, which are the volume fractions of liquid in the cells, and construction of the interface. For the treatment of surface tension effects, a CSF (continuum surface force) model is employed. The pressure at the nozzle inlet, which is related to the applied voltage, imposed on the simulation system is determined by the propagation theory of acoustic waves. The simulated results are rather consistent with the experimental observations in terms of droplet morphology, break-up time, flying distance, and droplet volume.
Članak razmatra načela i metode tumačenja Biblije Matije Vlačića
Ilirika, koji je svojim djelovanjem znatno pridonio razvoju tumačenja
Biblije, koja u protestantizmu zauzima primarno mjesto u ...pitanjima
doktrine, vjere i prakse te promišlja mogući Vlačićev utjecaj na problematiku svetopisamskog autoriteta u današnjem protestantizmu. U
prvome dijelu razmatra se Vlačićev odnos prema Rimokatoličkoj Crkvi,
koji je uvelike određen njegovim odnosom prema Bibliji, a u drugom
dijelu Vlačićeva načela i metode tumačenja Pisma. Sve to će poslu-žiti da se u kontekstu kreda ‘sola Scriptura’ u trećem dijelu razmotri
problematika tumačenja Biblije s kojom se današnji protestantizam
susreće. Zaključuje se kako načelo ‘sola Scriptura’ samo po sebi nije
u stanju ponuditi autoritativno tumačenje Biblije te se ističe kako se u
prevladavanju tog problema protestantizam, prema modelu koji nudi
Vlačić, treba okrenuti k još revnijem prakticiranju povijesno-gramatič-ke metode i predanijem pokušaju rekonstrukcije tradicionalnog tuma-čenja Pisma unutar crkvene tradicije.
A crise do urbanismo contextualista Laís Bronstein
Pós. Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura Urbanismo da FAUUSP,
12/2012, Letnik:
19, Številka:
32
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A segunda metade do século 20 foi marcada pela revisão, crítica esuperação do pensamento urbanístico pautado nos ideais do MovimentoModerno. As tentativas de revisão desse movimento foram ...suplantadaspor experiências em que a questão urbana apoiava-se, necessariamente,no binômio cidade/ Arquitetura.A partir da década de 1970, são materializadas experiências queconfiguram uma inflexão nos fundamentos dessa prática urbanísticaanterior. A IBA de Berlim, a Vila Olímpica de Barcelona, e areconstrução de Berlim reunificada são exemplos, onde a cidadeexistente é enfrentada como objeto de estudo. Ditas experiências foramgenericamente rotuladas como contextualistas, visto que equiparam-se,em parâmetros similares, à cidade existente, ainda que apresentemprogramas e problemáticas distintas e bastante particulares. A ideia decidade como construção histórica, e de sua planimetria e imagem comopontos a serem resgatados são fatores que, em graus diferenciados,perpassam esses três episódios. Também a dura crítica à cidade doUrbanismo moderno é o argumento que está na raiz dessas formulações.Entretanto vemos que também essas experiências geraram diversascríticas, dando a entender que o problema da intervenção na cidadeexistente demandava, no final do século 20, a adição de novos fatores àlimitada equação do pensamento urbano contextualista. Os conceitosestabelecidos por Ignasi de Solà-Morales, no Congresso da UniãoInternacional de Arquitetos (UIA) de 1996, parecem ter sido algumasdas pautas nas quais a complexidade da cidade contemporânea passoua ser trabalhada.
A crise do urbanismo contextualista Laís Bronstein
Pós. Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura Urbanismo da FAUUSP,
12/2012, Letnik:
19, Številka:
32
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A segunda metade do século 20 foi marcada pela revisão, crítica esuperação do pensamento urbanístico pautado nos ideais do MovimentoModerno. As tentativas de revisão desse movimento foram ...suplantadaspor experiências em que a questão urbana apoiava-se, necessariamente,no binômio cidade/ Arquitetura.A partir da década de 1970, são materializadas experiências queconfiguram uma inflexão nos fundamentos dessa prática urbanísticaanterior. A IBA de Berlim, a Vila Olímpica de Barcelona, e areconstrução de Berlim reunificada são exemplos, onde a cidadeexistente é enfrentada como objeto de estudo. Ditas experiências foramgenericamente rotuladas como contextualistas, visto que equiparam-se,em parâmetros similares, à cidade existente, ainda que apresentemprogramas e problemáticas distintas e bastante particulares. A ideia decidade como construção histórica, e de sua planimetria e imagem comopontos a serem resgatados são fatores que, em graus diferenciados,perpassam esses três episódios. Também a dura crítica à cidade doUrbanismo moderno é o argumento que está na raiz dessas formulações.Entretanto vemos que também essas experiências geraram diversascríticas, dando a entender que o problema da intervenção na cidadeexistente demandava, no final do século 20, a adição de novos fatores àlimitada equação do pensamento urbano contextualista. Os conceitosestabelecidos por Ignasi de Solà-Morales, no Congresso da UniãoInternacional de Arquitetos (UIA) de 1996, parecem ter sido algumasdas pautas nas quais a complexidade da cidade contemporânea passoua ser trabalhada.
In the Reformed tradition sola Scriptura remains a central tenet in the search for truth.Scripture bears witness to the variety of ways in which God has acted in history. It attests to God’s presence ...in the world and how God transcends the boundaries of human creations. The article focuses on how the Bible is interpreted differently by Christians from various traditions and even amongst Christians of the same tradition. Different hermeneutical approaches, confessional traditions and cultural contexts lead to different conclusions. Especially with regard to controversial ethical issues, different approaches to biblical reasoning lead to greatly differing results. The article reflects on whether sola Scriptura could provide a key to addressing both diversity and ethics more adequately.
Recrystallization characteristics of salt after removing bittern and impurities from solar salt (SD) were investigated. To remove the bittern, the SD was treated at 30, 40 and 50℃ under 95% humidity. ...86% of the bittern was removed when the SD was kept at 30℃ for three weeks. Total amount of impurity in SD was 6.94% (w/w) with organic impurity (5.58%) and inorganic impurity (1.36%). Most organic impurities (89%) were soluble. When the SD was roasted at 350℃ for 40 minutes, 90.14% of the soluble organic impurities were removed; however, the removable organic impurity was reduced, when the SD roasted for 50 minutes at 350℃. L* value decreased while a* and b* values increased when the SD was roasted until 40 minutes at 350℃. In contrast, L* value increased while a*, b* values decreased with SD roasted over 50 minutes at 350℃. The size of recrystallized pure salt was positively correlated to temperature and depth of salt solution, while the crystallization time was negatively correlated to temperature and salinity. Yield of recrystallized salt was negatively correlated to temperature. Overall acceptability tended to increase at low crystallization temperature and high salinity.
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