On August 3, 1492, the same day that Columbus set sail from Spain, the long and glorious history of that nation's Jewish community officially came to a close. The expulsion of Europe's last major ...Jewish community ended more than a thousand years of unparalleled prosperity, cultural vitality and intellectual productivity. Yet, the crisis of 1492 also gave rise to a dynamic and resilient diaspora society spanning East and West. After Expulsion traces the various paths of migration and resettlement of Sephardic Jews and Conversos over the course of the tumultuous sixteenth century. Pivotally, the volume argues that the exiles did not become Sephardic Jews overnight. Only in the second and third generation did these disparate groups coalesce and adopt a Sephardic Jewish identity. After Expulsion presents a new and fascinating portrait of Jewish society in transition from the medieval to the early modern period, a portrait that challenges many longstanding assumptions about the differences between Europe and the Middle East.
A spirited history of the changes that transformed Europe during the 1, 000-year span of the Middle Ages: "A dazzling race through a complex millennium."— Publishers Weekly The millennium between the ...breakup of the western Roman Empire and the Reformation was a long and hugely transformative period—one not easily chronicled within the scope of a few hundred pages. Yet distinguished historian Chris Wickham has taken up the challenge in this landmark book, and he succeeds in producing the most riveting account of medieval Europe in a generation. Tracking the entire sweep of the Middle Ages across Europe, Wickham focuses on important changes century by century, including such pivotal crises and moments as the fall of the western Roman Empire, Charlemagne's reforms, the feudal revolution, the challenge of heresy, the destruction of the Byzantine Empire, the rebuilding of late medieval states, and the appalling devastation of the Black Death. He provides illuminating vignettes that underscore how shifting social, economic, and political circumstances affected individual lives and international events—and offers both a new conception of Europe's medieval period and a provocative revision of exactly how and why the Middle Ages matter. "Far-ranging, fluent, and thoughtful—of considerable interest to students of history writ large, and not just of Europe."— Kirkus Reviews, (starred review) Includes maps and illustrations
For fifty years debate has raged about early European commerce during the period between antiquity and the middle ages. Was there trade? If so, in what - and with whom? New evidence and new ways of ...looking at old evidence are now breaking the stalemate. Analysis of communications - the movements of people, ideas and things - is transforming our vision of Europe and the Mediterranean in the age of Charlemagne and Harun al Rashid. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the economic transition during this period for over sixty years. Using new materials and new methodology, it will attract all social and economic historians of antiquity and the middle ages, and anyone concerned with the origins of Europe, the history of the slave trade, medicine and disease, cross-cultural contacts, and the Muslim and Byzantine worlds.
Escape from Rome Scheidel, Walter
2019, 20191015, 2019-10-15, Letnik:
94
eBook
The gripping story of how the end of the Roman Empire was the beginning of the modern world
The fall of the Roman Empire has long been considered one of the greatest disasters in history. But in this ...groundbreaking book, Walter Scheidel argues that Rome's dramatic collapse was actually the best thing that ever happened, clearing the path for Europe's economic rise and the creation of the modern age. Ranging across the entire premodern world,Escape from Rome offers new answers to some of the biggest questions in history: Why did the Roman Empire appear? Why did nothing like it ever return to Europe? And, above all, why did Europeans come to dominate the world?
In an absorbing narrative that begins with ancient Rome but stretches far beyond it, from Byzantium to China and from Genghis Khan to Napoleon, Scheidel shows how the demise of Rome and the enduring failure of empire-building on European soil ensured competitive fragmentation between and within states. This rich diversity encouraged political, economic, scientific, and technological breakthroughs that allowed Europe to surge ahead while other parts of the world lagged behind, burdened as they were by traditional empires and predatory regimes that lived by conquest. It wasn't until Europe "escaped" from Rome that it launched an economic transformation that changed the continent and ultimately the world.
What has the Roman Empire ever done for us? Fall and go away.
This open access book explores the history of risk management in medieval and early modern European maritime business, focusing particularly on 'General Average' – a mechanism by which extraordinary ...expenses regarding ship or cargo, incurred during a voyage to save the venture, are shared between all participants to protect equity. This volume traces the history of this risk management tool from its origins in the pre-Roman Mediterranean through to its use in the shipping sector today. Contributions range from the Islamic Mediterranean to the Low Countries, and taken together, provide a wide-ranging analysis of social, cultural, and political aspects of pre-modern maritime commerce in Europe.
This open access edited volume shines new light on the history of propaganda and persuasion during the Nordic welfare epoch. A common analytical framework is developed that highlights transnational ...and transmedial perspectives rather than national or monomedial histories. The return of propaganda in contemporary debate underlines the need to historically contextualize the role and function of persuasive communication activities in the Nordic region and beyond. Building on an empirically situated approach, the chapters in this volume break new ground by covering a range of themes, from cultural diplomacy and nation branding to media materiality and information infrastructures. In doing so, the book stresses that the Nordic welfare epoch, with its associated epithet the “Nordic Model”, was built not only on governance, social security and economic productivity, but also on propaganda and persuasion.
Antes incluso de que la España de 1992 celebrara el V centenario del descubrimiento de América, Ferlosio había publicado en la prensa varios textos críticos sobre la conquista que luego fueron ...reunidos en Esas Yndias equivocadas y malditas. Comentarios a la historia. Partiendo de esta obra, planteo la pregunta de qué es la historia y cómo debería escribirse y ensayo una respuesta desde la filosofía de la historia y la crítica de la violencia de Benjamin y la identificación que hace Ferlosio de Historia, Dios, dominación y sentido, fundamento de la moral expiatoria y el principio de intercambio de bienes por valores. Para ello, desarrollaré la tesis, compartida por Ferlosio, Dussel y Lomax, de que 1492 fue el año eje entre la Reconquista de la península ibérica y la conquista de América y el año en el que Iglesia de Roma extendió su poder hasta el nuevo continente, razón por la que retrocederé hasta la fusión de Cristianismo e Imperio Romano en Nicea; a continuación presentaré la caracterización hecha por Ferlosio de la guerra escatológica, cuyo garante es Dios, y rastrearé los antecedentes estoicos del sentido. Finalmente, de la mano de Dussel, ensayaré una respuesta a la pregunta para mostrar que el discurso histórico puede ser crítico (Benjamin), transitivo (Ferlosio), congénito con su objeto (Timeo) y estar libre de la lógica del Sentido (Ferlosio) para no tener que taparse los ojos ante lo que dice (Carson).
Supported by evidence from architecture, relics, manuscript illuminations and texts, Christopher Loveluck explores the radical transformation of Northwest Europe (primarily Britain, France and ...Belgium) between c.AD 600 and 1150 in the most comprehensive comparative analysis of the rural and urban archaeological remains for twenty-five years.
