Reflecting more than two decades of research on Yugoslavia's collapse and based primarily on sources from the region itself, this book consistently challenges commonly-held beliefs about the Balkans ...wars, and about European integration, international law, human rights, and politics in multi-national societies.
This paper considers efficient venture capital investment duration for different types of entrepreneurial firms so that on exit, information asymmetries between the venture capitalist (as seller) and ...the new owners of the investment are minimized and capital gains maximized. We hypothesize that a number of factors are likely to affect investment duration, and our empirical tests confirm the statistical significance of some of these variables (stage of firm at first investment, capital available to the venture capital industry, whether the exit was preplanned, whether the exit was made in response to an unsolicited offer). However, the fit between our theoretical model and the data is stronger in the United States than in Canada, offering evidence in support of the view that institutional factors have distorted investment duration in Canada.
Worlds Apart tells of a well-meaning foreign policy establishment often deaf to the voices of everyday people. Its focus is the Bosnian War, but its implications extend to any situation that prompts ...the consideration of military intervention on humanitarian grounds. Ambassador Swanee Hunt served in Vienna during the Bosnian War and was intimately involved in American policy toward the Balkans. During her tenure as ambassador and after, she made scores of trips throughout Bosnia and the rest of the former Yugoslavia, attempting to understand the costly delays in foreign military intervention. To that end, she had hundreds of conversations with a wide range of politicians, refugees, journalists, farmers, clergy, aid workers, diplomats, soldiers, and others. In Worlds Apart, Hunt’s eighty vignettes alternate between the people living out the war and “the internationals” deciding whether or how to intervene. From these stories, most of which she witnessed firsthand, she draws six lessons applicable to current conflicts throughout the world. These lessons cannot be learned from afar, Hunt says, with insiders and outsiders working apart. Only by bridging those worlds can we build a stronger paradigm of inclusive international security.
This book examines the concept of legitimacy as it may be used to explain the success, or failure, of key stability operations since the end of the Cold War.
In the success of stability operations, ...legitimacy is key. In order to achieve success, the intervening force must create a sense of legitimacy of the mission among the various constituencies concerned with and involved in the venture. These parties include the people of the host nation, the host government (whose relations with the local people must be legitimate), political elites and the general public worldwide—including the intervening parties’ own domestic constituencies, who will sustain (or not sustain) the intervention by offering (or withdrawing) support. This book seeks to bring into close scrutiny the legitimacy of stability interventions in the post-Cold War era, by proposing a concept that captures both the multi-faceted nature of legitimacy and the process of legitimation that takes place in each case. Case studies on Liberia, Bosnia, Somalia, Rwanda, Afghanistan and Iraq explain how legitimacy related to the outcome of these operations.
This book will be of much interest to students of stability operations, counterinsurgency, peace operations, humanitarian intervention, and IR/security studies in general.
1. Legitimacy in Stability Operations 2. Liberia: Creating Peace in Africa 3. Bosnia-Herzegovina: From Peace Support to Coercive Diplomacy 4. Somalia: From Peace Enforcement to Disengagement 5. Rwanda: Failure to Stop Genocide 6. Iraq: From Preemption to Counterinsurgency 7. Iraq: Transformation Failure and Intervention Performance 8. Iraq: Non-Support of Preemptive War 9. Afghanistan: From Self-Defence to State-Building 10. Afghanistan: Stabilisation and Counterinsurgency Performance 11. Afghanistan: From Adequate to Dwindling Support 12. Legitimacy and the Conditions of Success
Chiyuki Aoi is Associate Professor of International Politics at Aoyama Gakuin University, Tokyo. She has a PhD in Political Science from Columbia University.
At both the state and national levels, public policies are being designed to stimulate the demand for locally owned open space. Yet very little is known about the factors that influence the demand ...for open space and the sensitivity of demand to price and income. To fill the void, this study uses data for Connecticut cities and towns to estimate the public demand for open space. The empirical results suggest that the demand for open space is relatively insensitive to changes in price but highly responsive to changes in income. The findings also show that federal and state open space may tend to crowd out locally owned open space and that locally owned open space represents a highly congestable good. Finally, the analysis indicates that privately owned open space is not a good substitute for locally owned public open space.
Many authors have written about the participation of women in WW2 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, mostly in health care. Participation of Bosnian and Herzegovinian women in the 1992-1995 war was also ...significant. According to Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina data, there were 5360 recruited women. Some were engaged in logistics and some were fighters. This review presents the characters of the brave women who have inspired current generations.
Recent research has suggested that intra-day volatility may possess a component structure due to heterogeneous information arrivals. This paper reports evidence for the existence of such components ...in FTSE-100 stock index futures returns data. Preliminary GARCH model estimates support previous evidence for other markets indicating the breakdown of theoretical GARCH temporal aggregation properties over the intra-day period. However, the fractional integration properties of absolute and squared returns, and FIGARCH conditional volatility model estimates, lend strong support to the contention that volatility dynamics results from multiple sources given the invariance of the fractional difference parameter estimates to the degree of intra-day data temporal aggregation.
Moving beyond the simple comparisons of averages typical of most analyses of household income shocks, this article employs quantile analysis to generate a complete distribution of such shocks by type ...of household during the 1995 crisis in Mexico. It compares the distributions across normal and crisis periods to see whether observed differences were due to the crisis or are intrinsic to the household types. Alternatively, it asks whether the distribution of shocks during normal periods was a reasonable predictor of vulnerability to income shocks during crises. It finds large differences in the distribution of shocks by household types both before and during the crisis but little change in their relative positions during the crisis. The impact appears to have been spread fairly evenly. Households headed by people with less education (poor), single mothers, or people working in the informal sector do not appear to experience disproportionate income drops either in normal times or during crises.
It is twenty years since Britain passed legislation to combat racial discrimination. Despite this, Britain's nonwhite ethnic minorities still appear to face substantial amounts of discrimination in ...the labour market. Unemployment is particularly severe.
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