We present a rare case of extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma in 65-year-old female with a history of total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for larger symptomatic ...leiomyoma 13 years ago. In October 2005 the patient had abdominal swelling, ascites with positive cytology peritonal adenocarcinoma and significantly elevated serum Ca-125 was 500 U/ml. Clinical examinations were performed, but could not identify a unique origin of disease. Background: Aproximatly 3.2 % to 21 % of extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma patients have a history bilateral oophorectomy for benign disease or prophylaxis – family history of ovar- ian carcinoma.1 Patients and methods: A 65-year old woman with a history of total abdominal hysterectomy and bileteral salpin- go-oophorectomy was operated for larger symptomatic leiomyoma 13 years ago. In Octobre 2005 the patient had abdominal swelling, ascites with positive cytology peritonal adeno- carcinoma and significantly elevated serum Ca-125 was 500 U/ml. Radiologic imaging, gastroscopy, colonoscopy, mammography were performed, but couldn`t identify a unique origin of disease. Patient was treated for two years at the Oncology Institute Ljubljana. Significantly elevated serum Ca-125 and citology with immunohistochemical analysis pre- sented correct diagnosis of extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma. The patient was treated with combination systemic chemotherapy (Paclitaxel and Carboplatin) with initial good response. In year 2006 and 2007 because of the progression of disease, the treatment was repeated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: Look like in other similar cases we have confirmed our disease with three cytologic punction procedures, with significant elevated valves of Ca-125 and with several other directed proce- dures.1–3 Our patient has survived the characteristic critical period for this form of cancer of 7 to 27.8 months because of well orientated direction of diagnosis and chemotherapy. The patient survived 27 months. Peritoneal carcinomas were diagnosed at later ages (mean, 67 years).
A 15-year-old indoor/outdoor female, neutered, domestic European short haired cat was presented to our clinic with a history of neck-elongation and wheezing during inspiration/expiration. The first ...signs of respiratory disease occurred two weeks before the clinical presentation. After taking of clinical history, clinical examination and basic laboratory tests (complete blood count, blood smear, snap Feline Immunodeficiency Virus / Feline Leukemia Virus Combo test), a lung x-ray was performed showing the presence of left lung atelectasis and pneumothorax. The primary causes of lung atelectasis were not determined. Given that the general condition of the cat was very bad, she was put in an oxygen cage, thoracocentesis was performed, but the animal?s condition did not improve, and 24 hours after clinical presentation, the cat died. Autopsy revealed the presence of a tumor mass on the caudal lobe of the right lung, tumor formation in the area of trachea bifurcation and changes in the liver in the form of four round structures of different sizes. Histopathologically, the existence of primary undifferentiated lung adenocarcinoma with metastases on the liver and trachea was determined.
Adenokarcinom dvanaesnika izrazito je rijetka bolest i zaslužan je za samo oko 1,3% gastrointestinalnih tumora odnosno oko 0,2% svih malignih tumora u čovjeka. Najčešći maligni tumori tankog crijeva ...jesu karcinoid (44%) i adenokarcinom (33%). Nešto više od polovine adenokarcinoma tankog crijeva nalazi se u duodenumu. Bolesti koje povisuju rizik od nastanka ovoga rijetkog malignoma jesu obiteljska adenomatozna polipoza (FAP), nasljedni nepolipozni kolorektalni karcinom (HNPCC), Peutz-Jeghersov sindrom, Crohnova bolest te celijakija. Prikazujemo 43-godišnjeg muškarca kojemu je još u djetinjstvu dijagnosticirana celijakija, a primljen je u našu bolnicu zbog intenzivnog povraćanja i do 30 puta na dan unatrag nekoliko dana, gubitka težine od oko 20 kg unatrag godinu dana uz nalaz blaže anemije. Tijekom hospitalizacije rendgenogramom pasaže želudca, MSCT-om, enteroskopijom te PHD-om verificiran je opstruktivni adenokarcinom horizontalnog segmenta dvanaesnika. Tumor je uklonjen Whippleovom operacijom. Adenokarcinom duodenuma, iako rijetka, kobna je komplikacija celijakije. Rizik od razvoja karcinoma viši je u pacijenata koji se nisu pridržavali bezglutenske dijete, kao i kod onih kojima je bolest otkrivena kasno. Danas smo svjedoci neprihvatljivo malenom postotku rano otkrivenih adenokarcinoma tankog crijeva u pacijenata s celijakijom. Želimo naglasiti važnost redovitoga kliničkog praćenja bolesnika s celijakijom i njihova educiranja o dijeti, uz nizak prag za indiciranje dodatnih endoskopskih ili slikovnih pretraga pri promjeni kliničkog stanja ili slabom odgovoru na primijenjeno liječenje.
Strawberry tree (
L.) honey (STH), also known as “bitter honey”, is a traditional medicine widely used in the Mediterranean area. Regardless of geographical origin, it usually has a very high content ...of phenolic compounds and strong antioxidant capacity. Yet, little is still known about the effects of STH, its phenolic extract (STHE), and its main bioactive compound – homogentisic acid (HGA) – at the cell level. The aim of this study was to estimate total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power of STH made in Croatia and investigate cytotoxic and pro-oxidative effects of STH, STHE and HGA on three human cell lines: tongue squamous cell carcinoma (CAL 27), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) cells. These substances were tested at four concentrations (0.5–5× average human daily intake of STH) and over 30 min and 1 and 2 h. Croatian STH had a total phenolic content of 1.67 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per kg of honey, DPPH radical scavenging activity of 2.96 mmol Trolox equivalents (TE) per kg of honey, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 13.5 mmol Fe
per kg of honey. Our results show no clear and consistent time- or concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in any of the cell lines. ROS levels in all the three cell types at almost all exposure times were not significantly higher than control. The most important observation is that the tested substances have low cytotoxicity and high biocompatibility, regardless of concentration, which is a good starting point for further research of their biological effects in other models.
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is a monoclonal neoplastic cell proliferation of the endometrium associated with a significantly increased risk of endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. ...We herein present the case of a 58-year-old female patient who underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy because of the existence of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in an endometrial polyp. The patient had irregular uterine bleeding, which lasted 10 days. An endometrial polyp was diagnosed by ultrasound examination. The polyp was located in the isthmus of the uterus, on the back wall, and measured 32 mm × 25 mm. The patient underwent fractional dilation and curettage, and the specimens were subjected to a histopathological examination. The histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type, a focus of which was found within the endometrial polyps, as well as the endometrial polyp and proliferative endometrium. The endocervical tissue was normal. Given the age of the patient and the histopathological findings, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The final histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type with a focus found within the endometrial polyp; endometrial polyp; simple hyperplasia; chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix; hyperkeratosis of the cervical squamous epithelium; and cervicitis chronica. There was also hydrosalpinx of the left fallopian tube, and cystic follicles in the left ovary. There was no significant morphological change in the right ovary or fallopian tube. The surgical and postoperative course were normal. The patient was sent home on the fifth postoperative day in good general condition. A check-up performed one month after surgery showed normal findings.
Adenokarcinom prostate najčešća je zloćudna neoplazma u muškaraca u Republici Hrvatskoj. Klinički je često asimptomatski, a najčešće se otkriva na osnovi povišenih vrijednosti PSA u serumu. Odluka o ...liječenju
donosi se na temelju TNM-klasifikacije, gradusne skupine i vrijednosti PSA. Klinički lokalizirana bolest vrlo se uspješno liječi radikalnom prostatektomijom ili radikalnom radioterapijom s hormonskom terapijom ili bez nje. Klinički lokalno uznapredovala bolest najčešće se liječi združenom primjenom radikalne radioterapije i hormonske
terapije. Metastatska bolest godinama se može kontrolirati androgenom deprivacijom, a nakon razvoja kastracijski rezistentne bolesti opravdani su kemoterapija ili dodatni oblici hormonske terapije. U radu su prikazane kliničke upute radi ujednačenja postupaka i kriterija postavljanja dijagnoze, liječenja i praćenja bolesnika s rakom prostate u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Kao mjerilo diferenciranosti adenokarcinoma prostate služi određivanje gradusa prema Gleasonovu sustavu, koji se temelji na najzastupljenijem obrascu rasta (primarni Gleasonov broj/gradus) i ...sljedećem obrascu rasta prema zastupljenosti (sekundarni Gleasonov broj/gradus). Gradus se izražava u obliku zbroja primarnog i sekundarnog obrasca, a može iznositi od 2 do 10. Ubrzo nakon uspostave Gleasonova sustava u praksi su uočeni nedostaci te su najčešći zbrojevi koji se pojavljuju 6 (3 + 3) i 7 (3 + 4 ili 4 + 3). Tijekom godina izvorni je Gleasonov sustav doživio nekoliko promjena, a u novoj klasifikaciji Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije iz 2016. g. prihvaćen je sustav koji uključuje 5 skupina gradusa, jednostavniji je za primjenu i bolje korelira s prognozom i terapijskim potrebama prilikom liječenja pacijenata. U ovome preglednom članku opisuju se razlike između starog i novog sustava određivanja gradusa adenokarcinoma prostate.
Malignant acanthosis nigricans is a rare obligate paraneoplastic dermatosis which accounts for 20% of all acanthosis nigricans cases. The clinical features of the disease are the same as in the ...benign forms: symmetrical, hyperpigmented, velvety papillomatous lesions mostly involving the axillae, neck, groins, periumbilical cubital and popliteal areas, mammary areolae and less often mucous membranes. However, unlike other forms, it is characterized by sudden onset and rapid spread, commonly (80%) after the age of 40, which may be a marker of malignancy and a key to early diagnosis, indicating the need for a detailed examination. It is a disorder that has no gender differences. Most cases are detected at the moment of cancer diagnosis (61.3%), in fewer cases (about 20%) prior to cancer diagnosis, and in 21% at a later stage of malignant disease. Acanthosis nigricans is usually associated with one of the three or all three forms of paraneoplastic lesions: florid cutaneous papillomatosis, acanthosis palmaris (tripe palms, pachydermatoglyphia) involving the palms and soles, as well as multiple seborrheic keratosis (sign of Leser-Trélat).
We report on a female patient with clinically established three paraneoplastic syndromes: malignant acanthosis nigricans, florid cutaneous papillomatosis, and acanthosis palmaris, which appeared before the diagnosis of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, leading to fatal outcome.
Sažetak. Iako se učestalost najčešćega malignog tumora želuca, adenokarcinoma, posljednjih desetljeća smanjuje, raste učestalost proksimalnih lokalizacija raka želuca i ezofagogastričnog prijelaza. ...Zbog uglavnom kasnog otkrivanja već uznapredovale bolesti rezultati liječenja oboljelih ne zadovoljavaju. Dijagnoza se najčešće postavlja biopsijom učinjenom tijekom ezofagogastroskopije. Liječenje lokoregionalne bolesti temelji se na kirurškom zahvatu u kombinaciji s perioperativnom kemoterapijom. Alternativno, ako nije primijenjena preoperativna kemoterapija, potrebno je provesti adjuvantnu kemoradioterapiju ili kemoterapiju. Metastatska bolest liječi se palijativnom kemoterapijom i suportivnom terapijom. Odluku o liječenju donosi multidisciplinarni tim individualiziranim pristupom svakom bolesniku. U tekstu koji slijedi sadržane su kliničke upute radi standardizacije dijagnostičkih postupaka, liječenja i praćenja bolesnika s rakom želuca u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Recent years have seen a growing evidence of ethnic differences in the frequency of glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) A140D gene polymorphism, which is associated with various cancers such as ...breast and liver. Until now however, no association has been investigated between the GSTO1 A140D polymorphism and lung cancer. The aim of our study was to see if there was one in the Turkish population. To do that, we identified GSTO1 A140D polymorphism in 214 unrelated healthy individuals and 172 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The frequencies of A/A (wild type), A/D (heterozygous mutant), and D/D (homozygous mutant) GSTO1 A140D genotypes in healthy subjects were 48 %, 41 %, and 11 %, respectively. In NSCLC patients they were 48 %, 45 %, and 7 %, respectively. We found no significant association between the GSTO1 A140D gene polymorphism and NSCLC or its histological subtypes, namely squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, this polymorphism did not correlate with smoking. Our study is the first to show that the frequency of GSTO1 A140D gene polymorphism in the Turkish population is similar to other Caucasian populations and that this polymorphism is not associated with susceptibility to NSCLC.
Posljednjih godina sve više rezultata ispitivanja upozorava na rasne razlike u učestalosti polimorfizma A140D gena glutation S-transferaze omega 1 (GSTO1) koji je povezan s više oblika karcinoma, poput raka dojke i jetara. Dosada međutim nije ispitana povezanost GSTO1 A140D i raka pluća. Mi smo u ovom ispitivanju pokušali utvrditi postoji li takva povezanost u turskog stanovništva. Izdvojili smo 214 zdravih ispitanika koji nisu bili u rodu te 172 bolesnika s rakom pluća ne-malih stranica, u kojih je polimorfizam GSTO1 A140D utvrđen pomoću lančane reakcije polimerazom - cijepanjem restrikcijskim enzimima (PCR/RFLP). Učestalost GSTO1 A140D genotipova - divljeg tipa (A/A), heterozigotnog mutanta (A/D) odnosno homozigotnog mutanta (D/D) - u zdravih ispitanika iznosila je 48 %, 41 %, odnosno 11 %, a u bolesnika s rakom pluća ne-malih stanica 48 %, 45 % odnosno 7 %. Rezultati ispitivanja nisu pokazali značajne povezanosti između genskog polimorfizma GSTO1 A140D i raka pluća ne-malih stanica odnosno njegovih histoloških podtipova raka pločastih stanica ili adenokarcinoma. Također nisu pokazali povezanost između ovog polimorfizma i pušenja. Međutim, ovo je prvo ispitivanje koje je potvrdilo da učestalost GSTO1 A140D u turske populacije odgovara učestalosti pripadnika bijele (kavkaske) rase te da nije povezan s osjetljivosti na rak pluća ne-malih stanica.
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