O presente artigo problematiza a judicialização das políticas públicas a partir da construção de uma cultura jurídica que utiliza o argumento de autoridade no discurso jurídico. Analisando o conteúdo ...de sentenças concedendo o Benefício de Prestação Continuada o artigo reflete sobre um habitus que valoriza um direito jurisprudencial em detrimento das definições postas pela política pública.
In this article, we clarify how the arguments of the Triunfo de las donas and the Cadira de honor of Juan Rodríguez del Padrón work and how the author uses the arguments of authority. To do this, we ...use the tools of discourse analysis, in particular reported discourse, the opposition between polyphonic authority and rational authority theorized by Oswald Ducrot, or the opposition between sententious, sapiential, or even edifying discourse. At the end of this study, it appears that a redesign of the punctuation should be considered for these texts and that the author personally invests himself in the argumentation of the Cadira de honor, while that of the Triunfo de las donas demonstrates a less pronounced authoritative commitment from an enunciative point of view.
The Argument and the Honey Pot Maillat, Didier
Journal of Argumentation in Context,
05/2020, Letnik:
9, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper proposes to harness the linguistic theory that looks at the construction of meaning in context – i.e., pragmatics – to investigate the contextual effects bearing on the interpretation of ...arguments in manipulative seduction contexts. Adopting a cognitively grounded relevance-theoretic approach, I will show that deceptive seduction is used primarily to strengthen the hearer’s perception of the seducer, thereby strengthening the standpoints and arguments s/he puts forward. In that sense, it will be argued, seductive moves function like contextual constraints on the interpretative processes. Exploring further the cognitive grounding of human interpretative processes, I will claim that many seductive manipulations rely on the halo effect – the cognitive bias whereby a positive trait (e.g., attractiveness) tends to spill over other personality traits (e.g., competence) – to create a contextual environment that will boost argument evaluation.
Our epoch is a crucial one for scientific knowledge of the organisms that live on our planet. The combination of the biodiversity crisis and the taxonomic gap results in taxonomic urgency. In this ...context, great attention should be paid to the nomenclatural rules helping taxonomists in their urgent task, rather than diverting their time and energy to secondary questions or debates. In zoology, the new criterion of ‘prevailing usage’, introduced in the 1999 edition of the Code of nomenclature to ‘protect’ some nomina, raises four kinds of problems: (1) it weakens the binding value and strength of the Code, thus indirectly bringing support to the development of alternative nomenclatural systems; (2) it encourages personal debates among taxonomists, giving undue importance to the ‘argument of authority’ in nomenclatural decisions; (3) it sends a wrong message to non-taxonomists as regards completion of the taxonomic work; (4) it acts as a threat against natural history museums, in devaluing onomatophores (type specimens), the conservation of which is one of their major ‘visible’ functions. In conclusion, it is suggested that ‘protection’ of some nomina ‘threatened’ by rules of the Code should be limited strictly to nomina well-known outside the small world of systematics. This would require new rules for the Code to clearly define categories of usage on the basis of objective criteria.
Through the example of the NLA, this article highlights the way in which the use of neuroscience as an argument of authority directly serves the interests of those who claim it. In particular, we ...denounce the dogmatic vision of the NLA’s promoters who, under the guise of neuroscientific legitimacy, reduce teachers’ activity to the application of systematic prescriptions.
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