Arheološko nalazište Vrbjanska Čuka je nalazište tipa tel kakvo je uobičajeno na području Pelagonije. Nalazi se oko 1,3 km južno od Slaveja, a toliko je udaljeno i od Vrbjana (Republika Sjeverna ...Makedonija). Nalazište je istraživano od 1979. do 1989. godine, a nova multidisciplinarna istraživanja na ovom telu počela su 2016. godine. U nedavnim arheološkim istraživanjima otvorena je sonda veličine 15 x 10 m u kojoj su otkrivene dvije kuće s pećima, jamama za otpatke, ogradama i platformama. Materijalna kultura je obilježena tipičnim značajkama pelagonijskog neolitika, ali zabilježeni su i ostaci iz antičkog i srednjovjekovnog razdoblja. Osim iskopavanja i dokumentiranja arheološkog materijala, istraživanja iz 2016. su obuhvatila i arheobotaničku analizu organskih uzoraka, geomagnetsku prospekciju cijele površine istraživanja, digitalno topografsko modeliranje tela i trodimenzionalnu rekonstrukciju njegovog izgeda kao i rekognosciranje prapovijesnih nalazišta oko Vrbjanske Čuke. Ovaj multidisciplinarni pristup rezulturao je novim podacima i sveobuhvatnijim razumijevanjem procesa razvoja ovog nalazišta.
Možda još nedovoljno iscrpno valoriziran, prikaz znanstvenog i stručnog opusa arheologa dr. sc. Šime Batovića, red. prof. prezentiran je arheološkoj i široj javnosti u više navrata. Ovaj predgovor ...tek je vrlo kratki sažetak njegovog znanstvenog karaktera, s ponekim odabranim biografskim i bibliografskim podacima. Trebao bi predočiti bitnosti njegovog slojevitog opusa, ono što ga je odredilo i oblikovalo, učinilo temeljnim i trajnim u hrvatskoj prapovijesnoj arheologiji.
Protective archaeological research was carried out in 2007. at the location Preradovićeva 14 in Varaždin, where the extension of the the First Gymnasium - high school was planed. They covered the ...part of the buried eastern ditch that was part of the defense system of Varaždin City from the mid. 15th to the early 19th century. Archaeological research has largely confirmed the available historical data on the town’s ditches system, and its backfilling at the beginning of the 19th century, as well as the results of earlier research on similar locations in the City of Varaždin. Interestingly, the level of ground in this location was about 170 cm lower than today’s up to the 1970s, and was relatively late aligned with the streets and surrounding plots. The reason we can find in the fact that this plot was enclosed by a stone wall and used as a gymnasium garden, and obviously earlier there was no need for aligning it. The most interesting archaeological layer was the eastern ditch itself, where a large amount of archaeological finds were found. The fragments of ceramic vessels are certainly the most numerous finds found during these researches, and most of them belong to ceramic vessels used for everyday use, but we also have waxed and painted fragments also.
U Srbiji danas postoji više od 60 muzeja i zbirki koji imaju arheološke nalaze i arheološke postavke i koji daju stalno prisutnu, javnu sliku o rezultatima razvoja arheološke discipline kod nas, ...njenim teorijskim okvirima i pristupima, a pre svega, daju zvanično tumačenje prošlosti. Uprkos tome što izložbe – stalne i povremene – predstavljaju najvidljiviji muzejski forum i osnovni medij muzeja, koji predstavlja zvanične reprezentacije prošlosti, konstruiše memorije, formira vrednosti i stavove, one su retko predmet razmatranja s pozicija kritički upućene perspektive. Osobenosti postavki Narodnog muzeja posle Drugog svetskog rata, koji je i dalje paradigma muzejske arheologije u Srbiji, kao i drugih arheoloških postavki i tematskih izložbi u Srbiji, predmet su daljeg istraživanja. Preispituje se da li su promene u arheološkoj teoriji, a posebno u muzeologiji, promenile kustosku praksu i muzeje, da li je došlo do transformacije duboko ukorenjenih i dominantnih arheoloških koncepata, kao i do promene, za muzejsku arheologiju možda vitalnije, misije muzeja. Interpretativni kontekst i dalje se zasniva u potpunosti na kulturno-istorijskom pristupu i ideji kontinuiteta, a prošlost se predstavlja raritetima i vrhunskim dometima, uglavnom estetizovana. Muzeji, i muzejska arheologija, prešli su put od istraživačkih ustanova, čije se znanje ne osporava, hramova znanja i svetilišta prošlosti u kojima nacionalno postepeno u ulazi u fokus, do marginalizovanih kulturnih institucija koje pokušavaju da postanu relevantne zajednici u kojoj su.
There are over 60 museums and collections in Serbia today holding archaeological material and archaeological displays, offering an ever-present, public image of the results of the development of ...archaeological discipline in our country, its theoretical framework, and above all, present the official interpretation of the past. In spite of the fact that displays and exhibitions represent the most visible museum forum and the basic medium of museums, presenting official representations of the past, constructing memories, forming values and attitudes, these are rarely the object of consideration from the theoretically informed perspective. The aim here is to consider the characteristics of the archaeological displays and thematic exhibitions in Serbia, and especially of the National Museum in Belgrade after the World War II, since this institution is still the paradigm of museum archaeology in the country. The questions are raised whether the changes in the archaeological theory, and especially in museology, have induced the changes in the custodians’ practice; whether the deeply rooted dominant archaeological concepts have been transformed; finally, and perhaps more importantly, whether the mission of museums has changed. The interpretive context is still completely based upon the culture-historical approach and the idea of continuity, and the past is presented by rarities and utmost achievements, mainly estheticized. Museums and museum archaeology have travelled along the road from research institutions, whose expertise is not challenged, temples of knowledge and sanctuaries of the past in which the national idea slowly enters the focus, to the marginalized cultural institutions trying to become relevant to the community.
From the point of view of the fact-oriented history of archaeology, there is no reason to consider the works of Jovan Cvijić and Vladimir Dvorniković. However, if we consider the history of ideas ...that have fundamentally determined the course of Serbian archaeology, it is relevant to examine the contributions of other disciplines and their key representatives. In the case of Serbian archaeology, the estimation of interdisciplinary transfers of ideas must be approached critically and with great caution, due to the deeply rooted tradition of not explicating the theoretical and methodological base of research. In other words, well into the 20th century, archaeologists have very rarely referred to authors from other fields of research, especially when dealing with general social phenomena. Serbian archaeology has tended to be a-theoretical, and the ideas of social development, social dynamics, or the rules of social behaviour have been considered as “implicit knowledge”, that need not be explained. However, these knowledges are counted upon, and are still considered as indubitable; there lies the power of “common points”, whose origins and genesis are very hard to discern. In this case study, the aim is to: 1) reconsider the link between the culture-historical archaeology in Serbia and cultural belts of Jovan Cvijić; and then to 2) attempt to understand the genealogy of the idea of continuity in Serbian archaeology. In other words, we shall challenge the apparently very logical supposition that our culture-historical archaeology has used the foundations laid by Jovan Cvijić, both in the case of cultural belts and of continuity. It will be demonstrated that archaeologists have skipped the lesson of Cvijić’s anthropo-geographical school of cultural circles, as well as his rejection of deep continuity in the Balkans. This means that the source of the archaeological idea of the elements of (material) culture that may be preserved from prehistory to the present, must be sought for in another direction, outside the work of Cvijić. One possible solution is to acknowledge the worlds of ideas of Milan Budimir and Veselin Čajkanović, along with very explicit ideas of continuity of less known Niko Županić and more prominent Vladimir Dvorniković, who modified and widely disseminated the ideas of Županić.
U ovom radu cilj nam je 1) preispitivanje veze između kulturno-istorijske arheologije u Srbiji i kulturnih pojasa Jovana Cvijića, kao i 2) pokušaj razumevanja genealogije ideje kontinuiteta u srpskoj ...arheologiji. Odnosno, dovešćemo u pitanje, na prvi pogled, vrlo logičnu pretpostavku da je kulturno-istorijska arheologija kod nas iskoristila temelje koje je Cvijić postavio, bilo da je reč o kulturnim pojasima ili o kontinuitetu. Ispostaviće se da su arheolozi propustili Cvijićevu lekciju antropogeografske škole kulturnih krugova, kao i njegovo negiranje dubokog kontinuiteta na Balkanu. To znači da se izvorište arheološke ideje o elementima (materijalne) kulture koji se mogu očuvati od praistorije do danas, mora tražiti van Cvijićevog opusa. Kao moguće rešenje, treba uvažiti svetove ideja Milana Budimira i Veselina Čajkanovića uz vrlo jasne eksplikacije kontinuiteta manje poznatog Nika Županića i poznatijeg Vladimira Dvornikovi- ća, koji je Županićeve ideje modifikovao i široko rasejao.
Članek obravnava način okraševanja poznobakrenodobne in zgodnjebronastodobne keramike ljubljanske kulture ter pramenaste keramike. O okraševanju izdelkov ljubljanske kulture najdemo v literaturi ...različne razlage in poimenovanja. Natančna opredelitev tehnike okraševanja je pomembna tako kronološko kot kulturološko. Z eksperimenti smo poskušali dognati, s kakšnimi pripomočki bi bil lahko izdelan značilen okras odtisa niti. Ugotovili smo, da je bil najverjetneje vtisnjen s ploščatim orodjem, okrog katerega so bile navite niti živalskega ali rastlinskega izvora.
V prispevku je predstavljen keramični predmet ovalne oblike iz hiše z območja zgodnjeeneolitske naselbine Zgornje Radvanje (Podravje). Hiša pripada delu naselbine, ki je bil glede na datiranje z ...radioaktivnim ogljikom (z metodo 14C AMS, akceleratorsko masno spektroskopijo) najverjetneje naseljen največ 146 let (s 95,4-odstotno stopnjo zaupanja) v času okoli 4300 pr. n. št. Na podlagi oblike keramičnega predmeta, sledov ožganosti in zoglenelih organskih ostankov na površini domnevamo, da so ga uporabljali kot svetilko. Hipotezo smo testirali z infrardečo spektroskopijo (ATR IR), masno spektrometrijo (MS) in eksperimentom, izvedenim s pomočjo replike. Rezultati rentgenske fluorescenčne spektrometrije (XRF) pa nakazujejo, da je bil predmet najverjetneje narejen iz lokalne gline. Na istem najdišču je bil najden še en odlomek verjetno enakega predmeta. Delno primerljive najdbe so znane z nekaterih neolitskih, eneolitskih in bronastodobnih najdišč v osrednji in jugovzhodni Evropi.
The author of the paper tried to reconsider the issue of the spread of inhumation in the area of the Central Balkans in the period of early Roman Empire. The opinion of the author was that the ...existing interpretations had serious deficiencies, as they relied on the culture-history archaeological paradigm. Hence, the model that dominated the Roman archaeology in the territory of former Yugoslavia presupposed that inhumation could be related to the oriental population that had migrated to the area of the Central Balkans, who practiced this treatment of a dead body and spread it within the provincial societies as a part of a general cultural influence. Another view, although lone, considered that inhumation was spread in the course of the Romanization process inspirited by newcomers from Italy and the Western provinces. Both standpoints took migrations and superior cultural influences as the main reasons behind the acceptance and eventual predominance of the inhumation. Contrary to these views, and based on the opinion that burial rites were related to the social structure, the author offered an interpretation which implied that the inhumation rite could be regarded as a means for expression of the redefined social positions that took place in the context of integration of local societies and larger, “global”, Roman socio-political system. In this respect, the acceptance of the inhumation could have meant the break with some parts of the old socio-ideological system and symbolical articulation of the new social roles. This, of course, did not mean that the inhumation should be seen as a practice characteristic for particular social strata, or related exclusively to some social categories. Instead, it should be seen as one among various social strategies that had been used according to the estimated symbolic capital which could have been gained by it.
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