One of the crucial methodologies for growing and developing a level of tourism which is sustainable and enhances the totality of local and regional environments is a multi-stakeholder approach to ...tourism development. In this paper, we present the case of the 'Heritage trails through Dolenjska and Bela krajina in SE Slovenia' in which sustainable rural development (we take this to include cultural & heritage, vinicultural & gastronomic, as well as ecological tourism) is one of the key elements of the integral mix of business economy, viz. development of the region in the SE of Slovenia. The integral approach showed from the very beginning of project activities, within the Novo Mesto chamber of commerce, its long-time implementation until the present, as one of the key products within the tourist destination of Dolenjska, Bela Krajina and Kočevsko-Ribniška. It takes an integrated approach in terms of start-up, implementation and development and is supported by and benefits from the notion of a core of multiple stakeholders.
Changes of species composition, plant community strategy and functional response trait turnover were studied in a succession from dry pastures to a forest community (oak-hornbeam forests). The ...following question was asked: are functional response traits and plant community strategies indicators of TAA (time since agricultural land use abandonment), thus of a specific succession stage. Indirect gradient analysis (DCA) was used in order to observe the position of the relevés along the axis and to correlate it with TAA. It was found that the position of relevés on DCA axis 1 is our proxy for TAA. Correlations (Spearman’s rho) between the occurrence of plant functional traits and TAA were performed. Low-growing herb species with scleromorphic leaves and green or red flowers are the predominant plant type on grassland areas, while plant species with digitate, hydro or mesomorphic leaves and white flowers typically prevail in forest. The proportion of chamaephytes increases immediately after land abandonment (afforestation). In a closed forest stand, there are many more herb species with vegetative propagation (bulbils). Herbal species in those stands most often reward pollinators with pollen. The ecological strategy of the entire plant community changes with spontaneous afforestation. On grassland, stress-tolerant species are dominant. After 10 years, the community is defined as CS and after 200 years as a community with a C-CS strategy.
Raziskava se ukvarja s spreminjanjem funkcionalnih rastlinskih znakov, ekoloških značilnosti vrst in ekološke strategije združbe skozi posamezne stadije zaraščanja pašnikov v odvisnosti od časa opustitve kmetijske rabe (TAA). V raziskavi smo uporabili multivariatno DCA analizo in opazovali položaj florističnih popisov v DCA prostoru in jih korelirali s TAA. Izračunali smo Spearmanov korelacijski koeficient med pojavnostjo posameznega rastlinskega funkcionalnega znaka in TAA. Nizkorastoče zeliščne vrste s sklerofilnimi listi in cvetovi rumenih in rdečih barv so prevladujoč tip rastlin na pašnikih. V gozdovih prevladujejo vrste z deljenimi, hidro ali mezomorfnimi listi in s svetlejšimi (belimi) cvetovi. Delež hamefitov se v združbi po opustitvi kmetijske rabe močno poveča (proces zaraščanja). V sklenjenem gozdnem sestoju je opazen večji delež zeliščnih vrst, ki se razmnožujejo vegetativno (zarodni brstiči ipd.). Omenjene zeliščne vrste privabljajo opraševalce največkrat s cvetnim prahom. Ekološka strategija celotne združbe se preko sekundarne sukcesije spreminja. Na pašnikih prevladujejo stres-toleratorji. Po desetih letih ima združba strategijo kompetitor/ stres tolerator, po dvesto letih pa kompetitor- kompetitor/ stres tolerator.
Prispevek obravnava problematiko lokalnih vodnih virov na primeru Bele krajine - podeželske, kraške pokrajine v jugovzhodni Sloveniji. Na terenu smo inventarizirali 261 različnih vodnih virov, ...preučili njihovo nekdanjo in sedanjo rabo ter vlogo v življenju lokalnega prebivalstva in podali oceno njihove hidrogeološke občutljivosti ter hidroekološke ogroženosti. Z izgradnjo vodovoda so belokranjski vodni viri izgubili svoj tradicionalni vodooskrbni pomen, navezanost lokalnega prebivalstva nanje in vedenje o njih pa tone v pozabo. Kljub temu posamezne lokalne skupnosti v zadnjem času prepoznavajo njihovo naravno, kulturno in ekosistemsko vrednost, kar se zrcali v pobudah za ohranjanje, zaščito in obnovo posameznih vodnih virov. Večina belokranjskih vodnih virov je zaradi kraškega površja sicer zelo občutljivih za onesnaževanje, vendar pa je njihova dejanska hidroekološka ogroženost, ki izhaja iz človekovih dejavnosti v zaledju, razmeroma majhna.
Članek obravnava ceste in poti, ki so vodile v Belo krajino in Žumberk čez sleme Gorjancev. Ugotovljenih je bilo sedem glavnih smeri, ki so bile glede na čas in politične razmere enkrat bolj in ...drugič manj frekventne. Prav v vseh obdobjih pa je bila najpomembnejša povezava med Dolenjsko in Belo krajino smer preko prelaza Vahta, ki se je iz prazgodovinske tovorne poti postopoma spremenila v vozno. Resnejšo rekonstrukcijo je doživela šele v osemdesetih letih 19. stoletja, ko so s številnimi serpentinami ublažili najnevarnejše klance.
The article examines issues of local water resources using Bela Krajina as an example - a rural, karst landscape in south-eastern Slovenia. In the field, we made an inventory of 261 different water ...resources, analysing their past and current use along with their role in the life of the local population and assessing their hydrogeological sensitivity and hydroecological threat they face. With the introduction of distributed water systems, water resources lost their traditional importance in terms of water supply, with local population’s reliance on and knowledge about them fading. Nevertheless, certain local communities have recently recognized their natural and cultural value, as well as their importance to ecosystems, which is reflected in initiatives for the preservation, protection and restoration of individual water resources. Most of Bela Krajina’s water resources are very sensitive to pollution due to the karst surface, however the actual hydroecological threat they face from human activities in their catchments is relatively low.
Prispevek obravnava problematiko lokalnih vodnih virov na primeru Bele krajine - podeželske, kraške pokrajine v jugovzhodni Sloveniji. Na terenu smo inventarizirali 261 različnih vodnih virov, preučili njihovo nekdanjo in sedanjo rabo ter vlogo v življenju lokalnega prebivalstva in podali oceno njihove hidrogeološke občutljivosti ter hidroekološke ogroženosti. Z izgradnjo vodovoda so belokranjski vodni viri izgubili svoj tradicionalni vodooskrbni pomen, navezanost lokalnega prebivalstva nanje in vedenje o njih pa tone v pozabo. Kljub temu posamezne lokalne skupnosti v zadnjem času prepoznavajo njihovo naravno, kulturno in ekosistemsko vrednost, kar se zrcali v pobudah za ohranjanje, zaščito in obnovo posameznih vodnih virov. Večina belokranjskih vodnih virov je zaradi kraškega površja sicer zelo občutljivih za onesnaževanje, vendar pa je njihova dejanska hidroekološka ogroženost, ki izhaja iz človekovih dejavnosti v zaledju, razmeroma majhna.
The changes in land use, landscape structure and heterogeneity in Bela krajina were compared over a time interval of 220 years and linked to the socioeconomic factors. A significant increase of ...forested areas in the past 220 years is evident, which has led to forestation of open pastures. Until 1913, the landscape was agricultural. After human emigration at the beginning of the 20th century and World War I, the land was partly abandoned. During and after the World War II local inhabitants migrated from the region. The land structure changed and became of a transitional type. The third wave of emigration started in the 1960s. By around 1980, the study area had become completely forested. After 1981, the number of inhabitants again increased in settlements near traffic routes but people were employed in other economic activities. This trend had no significant impact on the landscape. The study shows that the present landscape structure is substantially different from those in past and reflects the current social and economic features.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
There are three constitutionally recognized national/ethnic minorities in Slovenia: the Italians, the Hungarians and the Roma. In addition, there are other ethnic groups that could perhaps be ...considered as “autochthonous” national minorities in line with Slovenia's understanding of this concept. Among them is a small community of “Serbs” – the successors of the Uskoks living in Bela krajina, a border region of Slovenia. In this article we present results of a field research that focused on the following question: Can the “Serb” community in Bela krajina be considered a national minority? On the basis of the objective facts, it could be said that the “Serbs” in four Bela krajina villages are a potential national minority, but with regard to their modest social vitality and the fact that they do not express their desire for minority status, the realization of special minority protection is questionable.
This study examines the variability of the Holocene landscape and the extent of human impact on the vegetation of Bela krajina region (southeastern Slovenia). Pollen and microcharcoal records of two ...small palaeoecological sites Mlaka and Griblje (G3), located just c. 10 km apart, indicate that human impact, manifested as forest clearance and burning, was significant throughout the Holocene and led to change of forest composition, impoverishment of soils, increased biodiversity and formation of a mosaic landscape with significant differences between the two sites. On both sites the strongest human impact associated with Fagus decline and the appearance of taxa characteristic for meadows, fields and pastures was detected from approximately 6000 cal. yr. BP onwards. However, differences between study sites were significant. At Mlaka, located on predominantly limestone bedrock, the human impact was very intensive and the present-day open landscape was formed by the Mediaeval period at c. 1000 cal. BP. In comparison the landscape around Griblje (on sandy bedrock) remained predominantly forested to the present.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Serbian Orthodox community in the Bela Krajina region in southern Slovenia, which presently consists of four villages (Bojanci, Milici, Marindol and Paunovici), is considered the northernmost ...'island' of the Serbian Orthodox population and has traditionally been approached through the ideological lenses of locality, authenticity (or lack of thereof), isolation and demarcation from other groups in Bela Krajina. As a consequence, the dominant discourses (both academic and popular) about this community are those that highlight and try to reconstruct 'pure' cultural and linguistic traits, or those that lament over their inevitable disappearance. Such a binary perspective precludes any possibility of recognizing the dynamics in both everyday cultural patterns and in heritage negotiation in and around this community. This article highlights heritage as an experience utilized by diverse actors in making sense of their present and future. As such it is necessarily dynamic, dialogical, multi-voiced, and contested. Adapted from the source document.
V članku so predstavljeni izsledki arhivske raziskave starejšeželeznodobnega grobišča Veliki Nerajec pri Dragatušu v Beli krajini, ki ga je v letih 1900, 1901 in 1903 izkopal Jernej Pečnik, najdbe ...vseh treh izkopavanj pa poslal v Naravoslovni muzej na Dunaju. Ponovna revizija arhivskih virov in najdb je pokazala, da je prišlo pri inventarizaciji t. i. velike gomile (izkopane leta 1900) in tridesetih grobov (izkopanih leta 1903) do napake. Najdbe iz obeh izkopavanj so bile namreč pomotoma zamešane in v celoti pripisane veliki gomili, Pečnikova tretja izkopavanja leta 1903 pa so bila do sedaj v strokovni literaturi povsem spregledana.
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