Changes of past and present environment of Slovenia are discussed in nine papers, which were written by 21 authors, coming from 14 research organisations. Our aim is to increase multidisciplinary ...communication and cooperation between Slovenian researchers, working in the fields of palaeoecology and ecology. Research topics include: archaeozoology, biology, ecology, geoarchaeology, palynology, nature protection, dendrochronology, archaeobotany, geochemistry, Karst research and geography.
The relief of Bela Krajina and Semiška Reber in southeastern Slovenia is mainly a consequence of post Late Miocene tectonic movements and karstic, mostly subsoil, erosion. In the lower half of the ...slope at Vrtača in the northwestern part of Bela Krajina, 1.3 km northeast of the center of Semič and 15 to 25 meters above the surroundings, a 250-meter long and about 150-meter wide lateral ridge rises at an inclination of 8°. The formation of the medium-sized relief between the elevated lateral ridge and the lower elongated side depressions is most probably to a large extent the consequence of differences in the rock fissuring and the varying intensity of hundreds of thousands of years lasting corrosion related to it. Traces of subsoil formation are the prevailing feature found on hundreds of rock ribs (i.e., subsoil rock formations that are not cone-shaped like teeth but rather elongated with their longer axes largely parallel to the dip of the surface) dissecting the surface area of one of the vineyard plots on the rocky lateral ridge. This indicates they were relatively recently exposed, as a consequence of human activity when soil was removed from an abandoned plot.
This paper compares the development of Holocene vegetation in Bela krajina and Ljubljana Marshes (Ljubljansko barje) regions of Slovenia. The results of pollen analysis suggest that in Bela krajina ...the human impact on the environment (forest clearance and burning) was very intensive throughout the Holocene and led to changes in forest composition, increased biodiversity, and the formation of a mosaic landscape. In the Ljubljana Marshes, forest burning and clearance seem less intensive, although changes in forest composition and ‘anthropogenic indicator’ pollen types were detected. These differences between study regions are presumably a consequence of various climates, hydrology, bedrock and land-use in the past.
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The Serbs of Bela Krajina are one of the numerous local ethnolinguistic communities in Slovenia which are undergoing – as a consequence of major changes in their way of life emanating from the ...processes of modernisation and industrialisation, as well as due to changes in broader power relations – a process of language shift. This study was written with the aim of pointing out the significance and implications of the process of language shift both in the particular social, historic, and geographical context, as well as with regard to broader social processes. It simultaneously highlights the fact that the process of language shift employs the whole range of linguistic means. The process of language shift among the Serbs of Bela Krajina was approached from the perspective of language ideology, with a focus on language as one of the essential components of individual and group identity. These processes reveal the complex dynamics of social and linguistic changes and their interconnectedness, and show how deep the link is between the state-national and the local, between broader social processes and the ways in which local communities and their particular members rationalise, negotiate and justify their positions, roles, and strategies.
V slovenski geografiji je proučevanje prsti v pokrajini pogosto zanemarjeno kljub temu, da ima pedogeografija znotraj fizične geografije enakovredno mesto v sistemu geografskih ved. Vzroke smemo ...poiskati v zamudnem terenskem proučevanju, dragih laboratorijskih analizah in pedoloških podatkih ter pomanjkanju lastne metodologije. Našteto je de neke mere nadomestimo z drugačnim pristopom, z namenom prikaza prsti obravnavanega območja in iskanja povezav z naravnimi dejavniki. Uporaba lahko dostopnih digitalnih podatkov in kartografskega gradiva, enostavnega terenskega proučevanja, v kombinaciji s sorazmerno preprostimi GIS orodji ter kvantitativnimi metodami omogoča preskokmarsikatere finančne ali časovne ovire.
Kučar near Podzemelj represents one of the most significant archaeological sites not only in Slovenia but also in the wider southeastern alpine region. It is an extensive complex composed of an Iron ...Age and Late Roman settlement upon the hill Kučar, as well as numerous necropoli that are distributed throughout the villages of Podzemelj, Zemelj, Škrilje and Grm. The site is well-known all over the world for its elaborate material finds originating from the cemeteries there. The book presents the results from rescue excavations that were carried out between the years 1975 and 1979 on the northern top of Kučar by the Institute for Archaeology. Substantial remains of a settlement dating to the Early and Late Iron Ages (8th –1st centuries BC) were excavated, as well as the even more surprising discovery of an Early Christian building complex (5th century AD) incorporating two churches, a baptistery and a large building with an enclosing wall that was reinforced with two towers. This publication concerning the settlement on Kučar near Podzemelj is the third monograph regarding this site. The first two publications presented the material finds from the Iron Age necropolis, preserved at the National Museum in Ljubljana and at the Museum of Natural History in Vienna. This third publication includes a contribution by Metka Culiberg and Alojz Šercelj on the investigations of organic remains from Kučar.
Slovensko-hrvaški bilateralni projekt, ki je potekal v letih 2004 in 2005, je omogočil pridobitev mnogih podatkov, tako arhivskih (statističnih, demografskih) kot tudi terenskih (intervjuji). Ti ...podatki so bili poleg že poprej zbranega gradiva osnova za ta prispevek. Prispevek se nanaša na izbrane vidike demo-geografskih elementov razvoja Žumberka v zadnjem poldrugem stoletju kot obmejne in prekomejne regije, sploh pa kot regije, ki s svojo eksemplaričnostjo predstavlja neizčrpen vir spoznanj tako za laično, kot tudi za strokovno javnost. Širše območje, kamor je Žumberk umeščen, lahko označimo tudi kot »širši obkolpski prostor« na prehodu Slovenije v Hrvaško in obratno. Na podlagi povedanega v članku lahko ugotovitve povzamemo v tri skupine. (a) Prostorska opredelitev: Žumberk kot politično-geografska teritorialna enota ni v celoti na ozemlju današnje Hrvaške. Žumberk je po starem deželnem pravu bil vojno-krajiški del Kranjske. (b) Spremembe etnične in verske strukture v zadnjih 150 letih: Temeljna določnica Žumberka v prebivalstvenem smislu je grkokatoliška religiozna opredelitev, ki jo po popisnih podatkih lahko zasledujemo od srede 19. stoletja. Kljub intenzivnim procesom depopulacije, je prostorsko prevladujoč del prebivalstva še vedno grkokatoliške veroizpovedi. V zadnjih 100 letih je opaziti močno krepitev deleža rimokatoliškega prebivalstva, ki bo v perspektivi verjetno povsem izpodrinilo grkokatoliško. Etnična struktura je od prvih tovrstnih popisov prebivalstva relativno stabilna. Velika večina prebivalstva se opredeljuje kot Hrvati. Poleg »tradicionalne« prisotnosti prebivalcev opredeljenih kot Slovenci najdemo tudi druge etnične opredelitve, kot so denimo Srbi in nekdaj Jugoslovani. Opredeljevanje za Srbe je bilo večinsko v kratkem obdobju kmalu po koncu druge svetovne vojne, nato pa je skoraj povsem izginilo. Popisne etnične samo-opredelitve ne odražajo dejanskega stanja Žumberka, saj je regionalno-etnično opredeljevanje kot Žumberčani preko popisov praktično neizsledljivo. (c) Prebivalstvena dinamika v zadnjih dveh desetletji: Za Žumberk so značilni intenzivni procesi depopulacije, ki trajajo že stoletje in pol in se nadaljujejo v najnovejšem obdobju. Rodnost sama danes ni toliko nizka kot sicer v Sloveniji ali na Hrvaškem, čeprav se je rodnost znižala praktično pod samo-obnovitveni nivo. Zaskrbljujoč je zlasti nizek delež za reprodukcijo sposobnega prebivalstva, kar napoveduje tovrstne slabe izglede za bodočnost. Migracijske procese zaznamujejo predvsem intenzivna emigracija, relativno živahno notranje preseljevanje in sporadična imigracija. Regionalno-razvojno nazadovanje je še poudarjeno in v negativni povratni zanki z demografskimi trendi.
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Po napadu Sovjetske zveze na Češkoslovaško je jugoslovanski politični vrh sprejel doktrino o splošnem ...ljudskem odporu in sklep o ustanovitvi Teritorialne obrambe republik in pokrajin. Poveljevalni jezik v Teritorialni obrambi je bil od vsega začetka slovenski. Po letu 1990 je bila TO organizirana kot samostojna vojska in preoblikovana v Slovensko vojsko.
After the Soviet Union's attack on Czechoslovakia, the highest Yugoslav political officials adopted the doctrine about a general people's resistance and established the Territorial Defence units in all Yugoslav republics and provinces. The commanding language in the TD of Slovenia has always been Slovene. After 1990, the TD became an independent army and transformed itself into the Slovene Army.
Vojaški manevri »Svoboda 71«, ki potekajo na območju Bele Krajine, Korduna, Banije, Like in dela Bosne, so se davi začeli z odločilnimi boji med silami napadalcev in branilcev. Po močnem topniškem ognju ob podpori letalstva so se napadalci začeli pripravljati na prehod čez Kolpo okoli 30 kilometrov zahodno od Karlovca. Odklopne mehanizirane enote »modrih« je v njihovih akcijah v prodiranju proti reki podpiralo približno 60 lovcev bombnikov, 14 lovcev in več drugih letal. Agresor je vključil v napad tudi 16 helikopterjev, ki so preleteli frontno črto in spustili svoje enote na hrbet »rdečim«. Ko je polkovnik Zvonko Pregaj ocenil, da mostu na Kolpi ni mogoče braniti je ukazal, naj ga zrušijo takoj, ko sovražnik prodre na drug breg. Po močnem topniškem ognju in veliki premoči v zraku je sovražnik uspel prodreti na drugo stran in naprej s svojimi desantnimi čolni, Kolpa je bila polna podvodnih min, zato so morali v akcijo tudi ljudje - žabe, da bi odprli pot tankom in vojakom. Na potezi so bili težki tanki T - 54 in kolone oklopnih transporterjev, ki so lahko prišli na drugo stran le preko reke. »Rdeči so se zagrizeno branili z nadčloveškimi napori. Doživljali so težke udarce, jih vračali, toda eskadrile letal, ki so jih ščitile kolone napadalcev z oglušujočimi truščem, je bilo težko zavrniti v njihovih nakanah. Po hudih bojih je sovražnik le prodrl čez Kolpo in začel prodirati proti Ogulinu in Bosiljevu. Da bi čim prej razbil zaledje »rdečih«, je sovražnik z velikim helikopterskim desantom v rekordnem času izkrcal bataljon »modrih«, ki so takoj začeli z akcijami. Viharna bitka med »rdečimi« in »modrimi« se nadaljuje. Agresor ima namreč še danes za cilj razbiti enote branilcev in čim prej prodreti v območje Bihaća.
Manevri - Bela Krajina. Posest pred začetkom orožnih vaj, radio operater, prihod rezervistov, helikopter, zbirno mesto v gozdu, rezervisti v uniformah. Tiskarna, tiskanje letakov, razglasov, časopisa Dolenjski list - posebna izdaja ob vojaških vajah NNNP.- Information:- The occupation of Czechoslovakia was followed by the establishment of the Territorial Defence in Yugoslavia; military manoeuvres "Freedom 71" and the TD servicemen in training.- Original language summary:
Po zasedbi Češkoslovaške so bile v Jugoslaviji ustanovljene enote Teritorialne obrambe;
manevri »Svoboda 71«, urjenje pripadnikov TO.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
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