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•Three solution-processable wide-bandgap conjugated polymers were synthesized.•Anti-blue-ray sunglasses device was fabricated based on new transparent polymer.•The prototype device ...exhibits the excellent electrochromic performances.•This work offers a viable strategy for anti-blue-ray electrochromic sunglasses.
Smart electrochromic (EC) glasses with visible light modulation have attracted considerable attention due to their unique advantages, but EC sunglasses with anti-blue-ray function have not yet been reported. Herein, a series of wide-bandgap electrochromic conjugated polymers P2–P4 based on 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) and naphthalene units were designed and synthesized using direct arylation polymerization. Among them, polymers P2 exhibit a satisfactory yellow hue and outstanding overall electrochromic performances. By tuning the intramolecular torsion between ProDOT and naphthalene units in the polymer structure, the absorption spectra of polymers P3 were entirely shifted to the high-energy violet-blue spectra region relative to the anti-blue-ray function. New dual conjugated polymer electrochromic devices based on P3 and black-to-transmissive electrochromic polymer were fabricated, which exhibited the fast transformation between black and anti-blue-ray transmissive color with a switching time of < 5.0 s, high contrast of 49% at 400–700 nm and a high coloring efficiency of 470.8 cm2/C. Moreover, an EC prototype sunglasses device with an anti-blue-ray function was fabricated to demonstrate the practical suitability based on the dual conjugated polymer ECDs. This work contributes to the application of EC technology to the smart glasses field.
Two azo group-containing Schiff-base ligands and their complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) cations have been synthesized. The electronic absorption spectra of the metal complexes ...indicate an absorption band at about 380–480nm corresponding to blue-violet light region. The compounds are suitable materials for application as optical recording media and blue-ray optical information storages. The magnetic moments of the Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes indicate that the compounds are mono-nuclear. All complexes of ligand L2 exhibited the antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, rather than pure L2.
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•Two azo Schiff- base were synthesized.•Allmetal complexes are found to be non-electrolyte in nature.•The UV-Vis of the metal complexes indicate an absorption band at blue- violet light region.•The complexes are suitable materials for application as optical recording media glistered for.•The ligands (L1 and L2) and synthesized metal complexes were tested for their antimicrobial activity.
Two azo group-containing Schiff base ligands, namely 4-((2,4-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl)-2-(3-hydroxypropylimino)methyl)phenol (L1) and 2-((3-hydroxypropylimino)methyl)-4-(thiazol-2 yldiazenyl)phenol (L2) were prepared. The synthesis and characterization of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes of the ligands (L1) and (L2) have been described. Elemental analyses, magnetic moment, mass spectrometry, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, electronic and infrared data suggest a mono-nuclear structure for all compounds. All these complexes have a general formula of type M(L)2 (M=Co, Ni, Cu and Zn). The complexes are powders, insoluble in regular organic solvents but soluble in DMSO. Their probable structures have been estimated as per the basis of their spectroscopic data. The lagans show bidentate behavior in the complexes. The coordination occurs through azomethine nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom of the OH group. The infrared spectra of all complexes within the region of 540–500cm−1 and 470–420cm−1 can be assigned to M–O and M–N modes, respectively. The ligands (L1 and L2) and the synthesized complexes were tested for their antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (the Gram-negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus (the Gram-positive bacteria) and Candida albicans (the fungus) using Kirby–Bauer and Micro plate dilution methods.
A highly sensitive diagnostic system for determining low-density infections that are missed by conventional methods is necessary to detect the carriers of Plasmodium falciparum. A fluorescent ...blue-ray optical system with a polycarbonate scan disc was developed to detect P. falciparum-infected red blood cells (Pf-iRBCs), and nine samples could be analyzed simultaneously. The cultured P. falciparum strain 3D7 was used to examine the potential of the system for diagnosing malaria. After an RBC suspension had been applied to the disc, the cells were dispersed on the disc by rotation. During the 10 min standing period to allow the RBCs to settle on the disc surface, the cells were simultaneously stained with nuclear fluorescence staining dye Hoechst 34580, which was previously adsorbed on the disc surface. RBCs were arranged on the disc surface as a monolayer by removing excess cells through momentary rotation. Over 1.1 million RBCs remained on the disc for fluorescence analysis. A portable, battery-driven fluorescence image reader was employed to detect fluorescence-positive RBCs for approximately 40 min. A good correlation between examination of Giemsa-stained RBCs by light microscopy and the developed system was demonstrated in the parasitemia range of 0.0001–1.0% by linear regression analysis (R2 = 0.99993). The limit of detection of 0.00020% and good reproducibility for parasitemia determination were observed. The ability of the developed system to detect sub-microscopic low-density Pf-iRBCs and provide accurate quantitative evaluation with easy operation was demonstrated.
•A fluorescent blue-ray optical system is developed for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells.•P. falciparum can be detected by the staining with nuclear staining dye Hoechst 34580.•Accurate, quantitative, and highly sensitive detection of Plasmodium falciparum can be performed.
A novel ligand, (Z)-1,5-dimethyl-4-(2-(3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4(5H)-ylidene)hydrazinyl)-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one and its metal(II)–azo complexes were synthesized and ...characterized using elemental analyses, proton NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, FT-IR and UV–visible absorption. Smooth thin films of the metal(II)–azo complexes were prepared using spin-coating, and the absorption spectra of the films were measured. The thermal properties of the metal(ІІ)–azo complexes were investigated using TGA and DSC. The optical constants (complex refractive index
N =
n +
ik) of the films on single-crystal silicon were determined using variable-angle scanning ellipsometry from which the complex dielectric function (
ɛ) and absorption coefficient (
α) were calculated. The photostabilities of the metal(II)–azo complex films were also investigated.
Based on the analysis of laser threshold of quasi-three-level laser system and the parameters optimization of resonant cavity, a compact setup of 457nm blue-ray laser system is designed, and the ...laser operation at 914nm and its second harmonic at 457nm was obtained by intracavity frequency doubling with LBO nonlinear crystal. At an incident pump power of 24.3W, the maximum output power at 457nm is 2.34W the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is greater than 9.74%, and the fluctuation of the blue output power is less than 3.01%, besides, laser threshold of this laser system is 3.7W which is the lowest at present.
The aim of this study is to disclose how the performance of a gallium nitride (GaN)-based X-band low-noise amplifier is modified by applying a blue-ray (404 nm) laser beam. The tested amplifier ...employs an aluminium gallium nitride/GaN (AlGaN/GaN) high electron mobility transistor on silicon carbide whose dc and noise behaviour have been first analysed with and without optical illumination. Mild improvement of the gain together with severe degradation of the noise figure has occurred during light exposure with the amplifier operating according to the recommended bias condition. Conversely, pronounced improvement of the performance has taken place when the amplifier has been biased close to the transistor pinch-off point. The results presented in this work follow a previous intense activity carried out on devices and amplifiers based on gallium arsenide technology.
AbstractIn recent years, laser techniques have replaced the commonly used sand pitch method to measure pavement surface texture. However, the conventional red ray laser charge-coupled devices (CCDs), ...both the one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) versions, traditionally have been influenced by luminance. The study presented in this paper developed an intelligent texture measurement system (ITMS) with a blue ray 2D laser CCD instead of the red ray CCD used in previous pavement surface texture measurement research, in accordance with ISO 13473-3. In this study’s light tests, a halogen lamp was adopted to simulate the light (Klux). The results indicated that the red ray 2D laser could not read the texture under lighting of more than 5 Klux while the blue ray 2D laser was minimally influenced by the light. In addition, when a 15-cm mask was used, the accuracy of the ITMS improved. Based on the presented results, the blue ray 2D laser CCD was found to be more stable than the red ray 2D laser CCD in texture measurement, and a light-protection mask (more than 15 cm) would further protect the laser from the disturbance of luminance.
Based on the analysis of laser threshold of quasi-three-level laser system and the parameters optimization of resonant cavity, a compact setup of 457 nm blue-ray laser system is designed, and the ...laser operation at 914 nm and its second harmonic at 457 nm was obtained by intracavity frequency doubling with LBO nonlinear crystal. At an incident pump power of 24.3 W, the maximum output power at 457 nm is 2.34 W the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is greater than 9.74%, and the fluctuation of the blue output power is less than 3.01%, besides, laser threshold of this laser system is 3.7 W which is the lowest at present.
The measurement of microcavities is a challenging task if the cavity is smaller than the diameter of the micro touch-trigger probe. This paper presents a noncontact method using a blue-ray DVD pickup ...head as the sensor. It is based on a focusing principle holding that reflected light intensity is maximal when the tested surface is at the focus point of the probe. When a focused beam scans the edge of the cavity, reflected light intensity is gradually reduced. Theoretical analysis is used to derive the light intensity equation for when the focused beam is passing along the edge. Experimental tests of the developed probe were carried out in association with a nanopositioning stage. The edge position is obtained up to a resolution of 1 nm and a standard deviation of about 30 nm. This performance is beyond the diffraction limit of optical microscopes.
The optical lithography system researched in this study adopted the laser direct-write lithography technology with nano-positioning stage by using retailing blue ray optical pickup head contained ...405nm wavelength and 0.85 numerical aperture of focus lens as the system lighting source. The system employed a photodiode received the focusing error signal reflected by the glass substrate to identify specimen position and automatic focused control with voice coil motor. The pattern substrate was loaded on a nano-positioning stage; input pattern path automatically and collocate with inner program at the same time. This research has successfully developed a blue laser lithography process system. The single spot size can be narrowed down to 3.07 μm and the linewidth is 3.3μm, time of laser control can reach to 450 ns and the exposure pattern can be controlled by program as well.
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