Purpose This study investigated whether the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure is a suitable outcome measure for assessing patients with stroke in research and clinical settings. Subjects and ...Methods The study included into two parts: (1) an investigation of the reliability and validity of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure for patients with stroke and (2) an exploration of Canadian Occupational Performance Measure results in randomized controlled trials of patients with stroke. For this review, the study searched the MEDLINE, PubMed, and CINAHL Plus with Full Text databases for articles published before September 2015. Results Finally, three eligible articles were collected in part 1, and ten randomized controlled trials studies were collected in part 2. The findings of part 1 revealed that the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure had efficient test–retest reliability, however, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure revealed weak associations with other assessment tools such as Barthel Index used for patients with stroke. Six of the randomized controlled trials studies used the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure as a primary outcome and two as a secondary outcome, while the other two as a goal-setting instrument. Conclusion This review indicates that the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure is appropriate for clinicians, including physiotherapists, in assessing outcome for patients with stroke. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure can assist patients in identifying their outcome performance and provide therapists with directions on interventions.
Most studies of social robot interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder have been laboratory experiments focusing on component skills. There is insufficient evidence documenting the ...qualitative impact of such programmes on social development and participation of children with autism spectrum disorder. This study aimed to identify the qualitative outcomes of a robot-mediated social skills training programme for children with autism spectrum disorder, examine the impact of such programmes on children’s social participation and identify the essential elements of robotic interventions that are conducive to children’s social development. A case study approach with a multiple case study design was adopted. Sixteen children with autism spectrum disorder, aged 5–11 years, were included. Participants received 12 weekly sessions of robot-mediated social skills training. The successful outcomes relating to social participation were identified as enhanced verbal expression, social awareness and emotional reciprocity. The impacts of the programme on personal development were identified as enhanced self-esteem, self-confidence and emotional expression. Robot friendship, the role of the robot as a facilitator and the presence of a human instructor capable of leading the programme were identified as essential elements of the positive changes. The encounter with a social robot was regarded as meaningful and important to the children with autism spectrum disorder.
Purpose: There are no reported cases of reacquisition of cooking ability in patients with severe hemiplegia of the dominant hand due to stroke. Thus, this study reports a case in which a patient with ...severe hemiplegia on the dominant hand side due to stroke reacquired practical cooking ability after being trained on cooking using the non-dominant hand.Methods: The patient was a right-handed woman with severe right hemiplegia due to left capsular hemorrhage who needed to be able to cook by herself. The patient had difficulty cooking with her right upper limb because of severe right hemiplegia; therefore, we examined cooking methods suited to the patient using various tools so that she could manage to cook using only her left upper limb. In addition, we asked her family members to help her repeat and practice what we had trained her to do.Results: The mean performance score and satisfaction, obtained using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, improved by 3 points after the intervention. The patient was able to cook independently.Conclusions: Our results suggest that patients with severe hemiplegia on the dominant hand side may be able to reacquire cooking ability using the non-dominant hand through repeated practice of cooking-related tasks adjusted to an appropriate level of difficulty while using cooking apparatus.
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) affects approximately 1% of adolescents, however, little research has been done in this area. This retrospective chart review describes the treatment ...goals and perceived progress as measured by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) of 111 adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 12-22 (M = 15.8, SD = 1.8) diagnosed with POTS who were admitted to an interdisciplinary intensive pain treatment program (IIPT). This study also examined the change in progress and satisfaction in goals over a 3-week intensive pain treatment program, as well as the utility and validity of the COPM as an outcome measure for AYAs attending an IIPT. Results indicated adolescents and young adults endorsed treatment goals focused on self-care, school, and leisure and found that performance and satisfaction scores significantly improved from admission to discharge. The findings also suggest that the COPM is a useful and valid outcome measure for this population.
Background: Little knowledge exists regarding which occupations older adults prioritize as rehabilitation goals in reablement and what factors are associated with their preferences.
Objectives: To ...explore which occupations older people with functional decline find important to improve, which of these they prioritize as their rehabilitation goals, and what factors are associated with these priorities.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken with a sample of 738 older adults from a nationwide trial evaluating the effects of reablement in Norway. The nine occupational sub-areas of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure were used as a framework for analyses.
Results: Participants identified a multitude of occupations as challenging. Functional mobility was the most frequently identified and prioritized sub-area. Significant associations were found between prioritized occupations and health condition, sex, living status, education, walking speed and motivation.
Conclusions: This study found both abundance and diversity in the occupational problems and prioritized goals of older adults, with mobility being a key priority regardless of health condition.
Significance: It is important that reablement continues to be a person-centered intervention embracing the possibility to choose meaningful occupations. Occupational Therapists and other health professionals should address mobility when improving occupational performance in older adults.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Purpose: The validity, responsiveness, and clinical utility of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was investigated when used in a sub-acute setting.
Materials and Methods: Fifty older ...adults (mean age 78.2 years, Standard Deviation = 7.2; 64% female) completed the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Functional Independence Measure and the Short-Form 36 Health Questionnaire. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was correlated with the Functional Independence Measure and Short-Form 36 Health Questionnaire and the admission and discharge Canadian Occupational Performance Measure Performance and Satisfaction scores were compared for significant differences. Qualitative interviews with were completed with six older adults and six occupational therapists to explore the utility of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.
Results: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure Satisfaction scale was significantly associated with the Functional Independence Measure and Short-Form 36 Health Questionnaire. Significant differences were found between the admission and discharge Canadian Occupational Performance Measure Performance and Satisfaction scale scores. From both the clients' and therapists' perspectives, four key qualitative themes emerged: (1) "Likes" about the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; (2) Effects on practice; (3) Utility; and (4) Future use.
Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure's validity, responsiveness and clinical utility when used in a sub-acute setting.
Implications for rehabilitation
The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure appears able to effectively evaluate the outcomes of occupational therapy interventions, including in sub-acute rehabilitation settings. It is an individualized outcome measure where clients are responsible for measuring their own progress and meaningful outcomes from therapy.
Evidence of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure's convergent validity, predictive validity and responsiveness to change was found which contributes to the body of knowledge of its psychometric properties.
From a qualitative perspective, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was found to improve clinical decision making, facilitating client engagement, formulating clear treatment goals and making therapy more meaningful for clients.
Background. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) assists occupational therapists to identify occupational performance problems using a client-centred approach. Since its first ...publication in 1991, there has been abundant evidence of the ability of the COPM to detect a statistically significant difference as an outcome measure. There has also been a tacit understanding that a difference of 2 points from pre-test to post-test on either Performance or Satisfaction COPM score represents a clinically significant difference. There is however, some confusion about the origins of this claim. Purpose. To ascertain empirical evidence for the claim that a clinically significant difference is a change score ≥2 points. Method. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature (1991–2020) for intervention studies using the COPM as an outcome measure and examined intervention type and change scores. Findings. One hundred studies were identified. The COPM was used to assess effectiveness of eight types of occupational therapy interventions. The common belief, however, was not empirically supported that clinical significance can be asserted on the basis of a two-point change in COPM scores. Implications. Further research is needed to test alternative approaches to asserting clinical significance or a minimal clinically important difference.
Occupational therapy practitioners are uniquely positioned to address the needs of cancer survivors. This study aimed to understand the complex needs of survivors using The Canadian Occupational ...Performance Measure and in-depth interviewing. A convergent, mixed methods approach was utilized with a purposive sample of 30 cancer survivors. The results indicate that while the COPM can be a practical tool to address basic occupational performance problems, the in-depth interviews exposed these challenges are intricately connected to identity, relationships, and roles. Implications for occupational therapy practitioners include a critical approach to evaluation and interventions to capture the complex needs of survivors.
The study aim was to identify the most problematic self--reported activities of daily living (ADLs). In a retrospective study, 1935 problematic ADLs were reported by 538 clients with 95% experiencing ...two or more problematic ADLs. Problematic ADLs were assessed by occupational therapists using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure with walking (67%), household activities (41%), and climbing the stairs (41%) identified as the most prevalent problematic ADLs. Significant but weak associations were found between clinical determinants (e.g. physical, psychosocial) and problematic ADLs. The wide variety of problematic ADLs and the absence of a strong association with clinical determinants emphasizes the need for using individualized interview-based performance measures in clients with asthma.
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