Background: Interest in additive manufacture has grown significantly in recent years, driving a need for printable materials that can sustain high strains and still fulfill their function in ...applications such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine field, food engineering and field of aerospace, etc. As an emerging and promising technology, 3Dprinting has attracted more and more attention with fast manipulation, reduce production cost, customize geometry, increase competitiveness and advantages in many hot research areas. Many researchers have done a lot of investigations on printable materials, ranging from a single material to composite material. Main content: This review focuses on the contents of printable edible inks. It also gathers and analyzes information on the effects of printable edible ink material properties on 3D print accuracy. In addition, it discusses the impact of printing parameters on accurate printing, and puts forward current challenges and recommendations for future research and development.
Abstract
Electrochemical coupling of biomass valorization with carbon dioxide (CO
2
) conversion provides a promising approach to generate value-added chemicals on both sides of the electrolyzer. ...Herein, oxygen-vacancy-rich indium oxyhydroxide (InOOH-O
V
) is developed as a bifunctional catalyst for CO
2
reduction to formate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electrooxidation to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with faradaic efficiencies for both over 90.0% at optimized potentials. Atomic-scale electron microscopy images and density functional theory calculations reveal that the introduction of oxygen vacancy sites causes lattice distortion and charge redistribution. Operando Raman spectra indicate oxygen vacancies could protect the InOOH-O
V
from being further reduced during CO
2
conversion and increase the adsorption competitiveness for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over hydroxide ions in alkaline electrolytes, making InOOH-O
V
a main-group p-block metal oxide electrocatalyst with bifunctional activities. Based on the catalytic performance of InOOH-O
V
, a pH-asymmetric integrated cell is fabricated by combining the CO
2
reduction and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation together in a single electrochemical cell to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and formate with high yields (both around 90.0%), providing a promising approach to generate valuable commodity chemicals simultaneously on both electrodes.
The aim of this paper is to propose a model of business competitiveness based on the value chain for the coking sector in Colombia that allows its promotion and strengthening. A systematic review of ...the literature in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, in the period 2012-2022, was carried out to establish the documentary corpus. The categories of analysis identified converge in the competitiveness based on the value chain from which a model is proposed to integrate: the participation of social actors (government, community, academy, businessmen and unions), primary activities, support and articulate to maintain and improve competitiveness business with direct involvement in the coking sector. As a conclusion, this model contributes to the definition and direction of strategies in the transformation of coke, generating conditions of competitiveness based on customer satisfaction and the strengthening of the sector.
How family firms manage product innovation remains an overlooked topic in existing business research. This happens despite the fact that family businesses play a crucial role across all economies, ...and they often use technological innovation to nurture their competitive advantage. By drawing upon the resource-based view of the firm as well as agency, stewardship, and behavioral theories and using empirical evidence gathered through a multiple case study, the paper studies how and why the anatomy of the product innovation process differs between family and nonfamily firms. The analysis shows that family businesses differ from nonfamily ones as regards product innovation strategies and organization of the innovation process.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the differences between Hungarian family-owned businesses (FOBs) and non-family-owned businesses (NFOBs) concerning the elements of SME ...competitiveness and financial performance.
Design/methodology/approach
The research covers the Hungarian data set of the Global Competitiveness Project (GCP, www.sme-gcp.org) of 738 (data collection between 2018 and 2020) non-listed SMEs, of which 328 were FOBs. The study uses the comprehensive, multidimensional competitiveness measurement of the GCP built on the resource-based view (RBV) and the configuration theory. Financial performance was captured with two composite indicators: short-term and long-term financial performance (LTFP). The comparative analysis between FOBs and NFOBs was conducted using binary logistic regression.
Findings
The results show that FOBs are more prone to focusing on local niche markets with higher longevity and LTFP than NFOBs. However, FOBs have lower innovation intensity and less organised administrative procedures. The most contradicting finding is that the FOBs’ higher LTFP is accompanied by significantly lower competitiveness than in the case of NFOBs.
Originality/value
This study goes beyond other GCP studies by including composite financial performance measures among the variables examined. The combination of performance-causing (resources and capabilities) and performance-representing (financial performance) variables provides a better understanding of the non-listed SMEs in terms of family ownership. The results help academia to enrich the RBV-competitiveness, the non-listed SME management and finance literature, and policymakers to design business development and support schemes. They also show future entrepreneurs the impact of family ownership on entrepreneurial success.
This paper examines the prospects for import substitution in West Africa. We use market surveys, choice experiments, and experimental auctions with 1322 consumers to assess price and quality ...competitiveness of locally produced chicken, rice, and tilapia in Accra, Ghana. Our findings suggest that among the three products, rice has the lowest prospects for import substitution, due to supply- and demand-side constraints to local competitiveness. For rice, consumers prefer imported products, they perceive imports as having better quality than local products, and they are willing to pay a premium for imports. For chicken, consumers have a strong preference for local products, but the potential for expanding chicken production can only be met if production and processing costs can be reduced significantly to boost price competitiveness. For tilapia, a high preference for freshness provides a natural barrier to import entry, and the comparative advantage of local production can be enhanced further. The findings imply that import substitution policies would be more successful if focused on production cost reductions. Although local producers face steep price competition from imports, consumer preferences for non-price attributes of local products offer an opportunity for demand-side policies to increase quality competitiveness.
•We examine price and quality competitiveness of local food products in Ghana.•Local rice cannot compete against imports in terms of price and quality.•Consumers prefer local chicken attributes, but production costs are too high.•A high preference for tilapia freshness provides a natural barrier to imports.•Efforts to improve competitiveness should focus on improving non-price attributes.
A 2‐year field experiment was conducted in Daejeon, South Korea, to investigate changes in the growth parameters of rice plants during the growth and model the rice yield loss as affected by the ...competition with Leptochloa fusca, Bidens frondosa and Ammannia coccinea under transplanted rice cultivation. Compared with B. frondosa and A. coccinea, L. fusca significantly reduced the number of tillers at the early growth stage, resulting in more reduction in the number of panicles and other yield components such as the number of spikelets, ripened grain ratio and the ultimate rice yield at the later growth stage. Among the components, the panicle number was the most negatively and positively correlated with weed density and rice yield, respectively. Cousens' rectangular hyperbola model predicted that weed competitiveness value represented by parameter β was 0.0337 and 0.0572 for L. fusca, 0.0124 and 0.0165 for B. frondosa and 0.0059 to 0.0061 for A. coccinea in 20.8 and 15.2 hill m−2 rice densities, respectively, indicating the competition effect of L. fusca on rice yield was greater than that of B. frondosa and A. coccinea. Weed densities corresponding to a 50% reduction in the rice yield were 27 and 18 for L. fusca, 81 and 61 for B. frondosa and 169–164 for A. coccinea in 20.8 and 15.2 hill m−2 rice densities, respectively. Weeds are more competitive in low‐density rice plots, leading to greater yield loss. In addition, the economic thresholds (ET) are positively correlated with rice densities and negatively correlated with weed competitiveness. Although low‐density rice transplanting may offer economic benefits during cultivation, optimal rice density and weed control strategies are important for securing a high yield. Therefore, the model and findings could be applied to decision‐making systems in rice farming where weed interference is present.
Tourism and destination competitiveness is a popular research topic and has become more important in recent years. This is evident from the amount of research conducted on the topic. However, ...competitiveness is mainly researched from a supply perspective, which solely captures the opinions of tourism experts and consequently creates the need to obtain the opinions of tourists as well.
This paper provides an enhanced understanding of the opinions foreign tourists visiting South Africa have of the competitiveness of the country as tourist destination. Data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to tourists at OR Tambo International Airport who were returning home after visiting South Africa. A total of 619 usable questionnaires were obtained. The findings revealed that
(1) The factors identified in this study differ from similar supply-side studies on South Africa;
(2) Respondents considered unique tourism aspects the most important element of competitiveness;
(3) The second most important competitiveness factor, tourism services, consists of internal factors only;
(4) Safety and security is an essential competitiveness aspect regardless of the destination or research approach used.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Export is one of the economic parameters of a country which can increase the country’s economy which must be maintained and increased in value. In the last ten years from 2010 to 2019, Indonesia’s ...export performance fluctuated and decreased, resulting in a trade balance deficit in 2012-2014 and 2018-2019. Based on the problem, Indonesia needs to make strategic efforts. One of the efforts that can be done is to develop agricultural exports. One of the products that has the potential to be developed is sago flour. This research analyzed the competitiveness and export potential of Indonesian sago flour. This study used secondary data which is panel data consisting of time series and cross section data. The methods used were the RCA, EPD, and X- Model. The results of the analysis using RCA and EPD concluded that Indonesian sago flour has strong competitiveness in the export market. Then the results of the X-model analysis show that sago flour exports have the potential for optimistic market development in the Philippine, Thailand and Chinese markets and the potential export markets are Japan, Malaysia, Hong kong, and Sri Lanka
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