The ongoing socio-economic situation in Ukraine is being scrutinized in real-time, providing a distinctive opportunity in this volume to analyze its impact on entrepreneurs' behavior during their ...efforts to stabilize businesses and the predominant challenges that most MSEs confront.
Public student funding can be designed either according to the welfare principle or the provision principle. An empirical comparison contracts two groups of European countries, each following one of ...these principles. it appears that countries applying the provision principle provide, on average, considerably larger parts of their student populations with public support and public support accounts for a larger share of the recipients' total income. Students in these countries report (very) serious financial difficulties less often. However, with respect to participative equity, countries using the provision principle perform marginally worse than the countries in their peer group. Offentliche Studienfinanzierung kann entweder nach dem Fursorge- oder dem Versorgungsprinzip gestaltet werden. In einem empirischen Vergleich werden zwei Gruppen von europaischen Landern gegenubergestellt, die jeweils einem dieser Prinzipien folgen. Es zeigt sich, dass Lander, die das Versorgungsprinzip anwenden, im Durchschnitt einen deutlich grosseren Teil ihrer Studierenden mit offentlicher Unterstutzung versorgen und die offentliche Unterstutzung einen grosseren Anteil an den Gesamteinnahmen der Empfanger:innen ausmacht. Die Studierenden in diesen Landern berichten seltener uber (sehr) grosse finanzielle Schwierigkeiten. In Bezug auf die Teilhabegerechtigkeit schneiden die Lander, die das Versorgungsprinzip anwenden, jedoch geringfugig schlechter ab als die Lander der Vergleichsgruppe.
Crises and disasters pose significant obstacles to the socio-economic progress of any destination, especially in the tourism sector. Although travel and tourism are among the world’s most prominent ...economic sectors, they are susceptible to various hindrances, such as natural disasters, political instability and unpredictable terrorist attacks, which can harm the destination’s reputation and decrease tourist arrivals. While humans cannot control these incidents, they can implement measures, strategies and activities to mitigate their impact. This research aims to create and validate a scale for crisis management strategies in tourism using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A 58-item questionnaire was developed based on literature reviews and interviews with destination marketing organizations (DMO’s), which was then reduced to 47 items after content validation by experts and the target population. EFA was conducted on data from 346 tourism stakeholders, resulting in six discrete factors: media, promotional measures, partnering, security and awareness, innovative marketing, and finance. Finally, AMOS 21 was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis, and the crisis management strategies scale developed retained 38 items.
During times of public crises, governments must act swiftly to communicate crisis information effectively and efficiently to members of the public; failure to do so will inevitably lead citizens to ...become fearful, uncertain and anxious in the prevailing conditions. This pioneering study systematically investigates how Chinese central government agencies used social media to promote citizen engagement during the COVID-19 crisis. Using data scraped from ‘Healthy China’, an official Sina Weibo account of the National Health Commission of China, we examine how citizen engagement relates to a series of theoretically relevant factors, including media richness, dialogic loop, content type and emotional valence. Results show that media richness negatively predicts citizen engagement through government social media, but dialogic loop facilitates engagement. Information relating to the latest news about the crisis and the government's handling of the event positively affects citizen engagement through government social media. Importantly, all relationships were contingent upon the emotional valence of each Weibo post.
•This study investigates how to promote citizen engagement through government social media during the COVID-19 crisis.•Media richness negatively predicts citizen engagement, but dialogic loop facilitates engagement.•Information relating to the latest news and the government's handling positively affects citizen engagement.•All relationships were contingent upon the emotional valence of each Weibo post.
In addressing humanitarian crises, the international community has long understood the need to extend beyond providing immediate relief, and to engage with long-term recovery activities and the ...prevention of similar crises in the future. However, this continuum from short-term relief to rehabilitation and development has often proved difficult to achieve. This book aims to shed light on the continuum of humanitarian crisis management, particularly from the viewpoint of major bilateral donors and agencies. Focusing on cases of armed conflicts and disasters, the authors describe the evolution of approaches and lessons learnt in practice when moving from emergency relief to recovery and prevention of future crises. Drawing on an extensive research project conducted by the Japan International Cooperation Agency Research Institute, this book compares how a range of international organizations, bilateral cooperation agencies, NGOs, and research institutes have approached the continuum in international humanitarian crisis management. The book draws on six humanitarian crises case studies, each resulting from armed conflict or natural disasters: Timor-Leste, South Sudan, the Syrian crisis, Hurricane Mitch in Honduras, the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia, and Typhoon Yolanda. The book concludes by proposing a common conceptual framework designed to appeal to different stakeholders involved in crisis management. Following on from the World Humanitarian Summit, where a new way of working on the humanitarian-development nexus was highlighted as one of five major priority trends, this book is a timely contribution to the debate which should interest researchers of humanitarian studies, conflict and peace studies, and disaster risk-management.
•Refining a pandemic crisis management framework in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.•Identifying strategic responses of the hotel sector based on global news media.•Analyzing appropriate ...strategies for hotels in each crisis phase.•Showing the influences of contextual factors (e.g., government, hotel resources)•Technological advancement and business innovation can support hotel resilience.
The Covid-19 pandemic has long-lasting impacts that require the hotel sector to revise, innovate and transform their businesses. However, the literature related to this area remains vastly under-developed. Based on 219 articles collected from global news media and an integrated crisis management framework, this research note map out "strategic responses" from the hotel sector and suggest implications for hotels to address the evolving pandemic situation. Three modifications were proposed to refine and further develop a pandemic crisis management framework.
This handbooks series aims to integrate knowledge of communication structures and processes. It is global in orientation, dedicated to cultural and epistemological diversity as well as different ...scholarly approaches. The series features volumes on 'messages, codes and channels', 'mode of address: communication situations and context', 'methodology in communication science' and 'application areas'. The latter features volumes devoted to a large range of specialist areas of communication science. The series as a whole aims at meeting the needs of undergraduates, postgraduates, academics and researchers across the area of communication studies.
Poland's accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and the European Union (EU) influenced the shape of the crisis management system in Poland. In view of the numerous problems ...highlighted during dangerous events, several initiatives were taken to build a modern crisis management system. The draft law developed by Józef Płoskonka and Professor Mirosław Stec at the Institute of Public Affairs (ISP) provided the foundation for the current solutions. The Crisis Management Act, which was finally adopted in 2007, draws heavily on the principles found in the draft created at the ISP.
This book examines the impact of epidemics in Africa, exploring some of the adaptation and crisis management strategies adopted to tackle COVID-19, Ebola, and HIV-AIDS. The authors reflect on lessons ...learned from solving complex problems and difficult decisions made by leaders on pandemic management to shape the security environment and, thus, the well-being of people living in Africa for years to come.
Drawing on cases from across the continent, the book demonstrates that, significantly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, African countries and communities frequently displayed regional solidarity, creativity in decision-making, decisiveness in dealing with corruption and opportunism, and resilience and discipline in implementation. Adopting a human security framework, the authors share their lived experiences and explore the impact of epidemics on public policy decision-making, foreign policy implementation, global relations, collaboration in the community dimension, and, ultimately, the future of socio-economic development in Africa.
This book will be a welcome addition for practitioners and researchers across the fields of security studies, health management, and African studies, making an essential contribution to the security discourse in a post-COVID world.
PDF
