Our investigation is devoted to special histology features of phomopsis of sunflower. The results indicates that infectious process induces active intrusion of ascospores of pathogen Diaporthe ...helianthi into plant leaves due to development of simple appressoria on the ends of germ tubes and intrusion of fungal hyphae directly through cell walls into plant tissues. This indicates insignificant contribution of leaf anatomy into resistance to the pathogen. In plants whose genotypes are characterized by the resistance, thickening of vessel walls as well as development of dark gum-like plugs were detected. Possibly, these elements respesent barriers for spread of fungus all over the plant.
The main objective of this paper is to study and formalize the Take-Over Control in Collaborative Virtual Environments for Training (CVET). The Take-Over Control represents the transfer (the take ...over) of the interaction control of an object between two or more users. This paradigm is particularly useful for training scenarios, in which the interaction control could be continuously exchanged between the trainee and the trainer, e.g. the latter guiding and correcting the trainee's actions. The paper presents the formalization of the Take-Over Control followed by an illustration focusing in a use-case of collaborative maritime navigation. In the presented use-case, the trainee has to avoid an under-water obstacle with the help of a trainer who has additional information about the obstacle. The use-case allows to highlight the different elements a Take-Over Control situation should enforce, such as user's awareness. Different Take-Over Control techniques were provided and evaluated focusing on the transfer exchange mechanism and the visual feedback. The results show that participants preferred the Take-Over Control technique which maximized the user awareness.
Against the background of demographic change and skill shortages
continuing vocational training is of great significance in Germany. However, the
training effectiveness is mostly assessed only at the ...end of a training program or
several months after the training. Since in continuing vocational training the two
contexts learning field (training) and performance field (work context) act simultaneously,
the presented study investigated whether there are already situations in
the work context which allow the application of newly acquired knowledge in
parallel with the training. The main focus lies in the identification of predictors of
learning transfer that takes place alongside the training participation and in the
investigation of their causal relationships. Using structural equation modelling five
latent variables were identified which have a significant effect on learning transfer
parallel to the training – the so called collateral learning transfer. These five
predictors explain together 62% of the variance of collateral learning transfer
(gathered as performance improvement at work).
"My goal is to raise the medieval martial arts to the same level as today's Oriental martial-arts schools," he explains. "I want to reestablish what was lost of the medieval art of combat as a 21st- ...century martial art alternative, complete with a code of behaviour, including the knightly virtues of honour and valour." The idea began to crystallize four years ago when Mr. David Cvet was posted in Italy during a consulting contract. It was there that he stumbled upon a small martial-arts school that was attempting to revive the lost arts of mediaeval knights. At the time, he himself was a lapsed member of the SCA, having grown weary of what he considered the fantasy role-playing that is, he says, the group's stock-in-trade. Fascinated with the physicality of the combat, but tired of the corny "forsooths" and "miladys" that afflicted the society's members, he decided to break out on his own. That's when he dreamed up the academy. Black & White Photo: John Lehmann, National Post / David Cvet and Brian Mcilmoyle of the Academy of European Medieval Martial Arts practise their moves in a Toronto park. ; Black & White Photo: John Lehmann, National Post / David Cvet: Not a 'sword geek' ;
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