There are four theories about the origin of syphilis, of which the mostly represented one is the Columbian theory. This theory suggests that syphilis was brought into Europe in 1493 ad by the ship ...from Caribbean islands.
The aim of this study is to test all theories on a sample of 403 skeletons: 135 from prehistory, 134 from antique, and 134 from medieval period and new age from the Dalmatia (Croatia).
All skeletons were examined using standard anthropological methods. Paleopathological analysis was performed on each skeleton as well as additional radiographic method on one isolated skeleton.
Paleopathological changes on skeletal remains connected with treponematosis.
Paleopathological analysis revealed one skeleton from the antique period (second to 6th century ad) that exhibited skeletal markers similar to those described in one clinical case in which congenital syphilis was confirmed by a Wasserman reaction. Skeletal remains of this person were examined macroscopically and radiographically, and the differential diagnostics eliminated other considered pathologies as well as trauma.
The finding of skeletal markers of syphilis on a skeleton from the antique supports the theory of pre‐Columbian syphilis origin. Anteric I, Basic Z, Vilovic K, Kolic K, and Andjelinovic S. Which theory for the origin of syphilis is true? J Sex Med 2014;11:3112–3118.
In this highly original work, Catherine Wendy Bracewell reconstructs and analyzes the tumultuous history of the uskoks of Senj, the martial bands who operated on the Habsburg Military Frontier in ...Croatia between the 1530s and the 1620s.
In this highly original and influential book, Catherine Wendy Bracewell reconstructs and analyzes the tumultuous history of the uskoks of Senj, the martial bands nominally under the control of the ...Habsburg Military Frontier in Croatia, who between the 1530s and the 1620s developed a community based on raiding the Ottoman hinterland, Venetian possessions in Dalmatia, and shipping on the Adriatic.
Drawing on a broad range of sources, including the archives of the Dalmatian communes under Venetian rule and military frontier records, Bracewell provides the first comprehensive analysis of the uskoks as a social phenomenon, examining their origins, their military and social organization, their plunder economy, their mental world, and their relations with other groups in this borderland between three empires. The uskoks lived on the Christian-Muslim frontier, and they invoked Europe's struggle against Islam to justify their often bloody deeds. As Bracewell demonstrates, however, their actions were also shaped by the maze of local political and economic rivalries, social conflicts, and confessional antagonisms. In a book that tests the concept of the social bandit, the author analyzes the motives that guided the uskoks and distinguishes these from the factors that impelled various elements of the local population to support them.
Seventeen gravity springs from the slopes of the Biokovo, Sutvid and Rilić Mountains at the Adriatic coast of Croatia were investigated. Five of them are included in the regional and three of them ...are included in the local water supply system. Other springs are used by local inhabitants and tourists for drinking. The aim of this study was to determine the underground karst connections, source and type of the groundwater defining different hydrochemical facies, the aquifer behavior and the impact of the rehabilitated landfill Donja Gora on karstic springs due to the detected anomalous concentrations of lead in sediments. Hydrochemical facies was determined using a Piper diagram. It was shown that groundwater belongs to the Ca–HCO3 type of water.
Concentrations of 17 dissolved and total trace elements, organic compounds, organic carbon, nutrients and ions, phenols, PCBs and mineral oil microbiological properties, physical and chemical indicators were determined in groundwater samples. Their concentrations were extremely low, more than 3 orders of magnitude less than allowed by the Croatian regulations for the first category of groundwater and drinking water, so the quality of water is excellent. Origin of some elements is discussed and complex statistical analysis is performed, using log-probability plots and partitioning of distributions following the Sinclair graphical procedure. Majority of minor and trace element concentrations show unimodal distribution of the data. Only five elements (Al, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) show the combinations of 2 or 3 log-normal distributed populations, probably reflecting the presence of different sources and/or processes.
For the first time, isotopic investigations were performed in any karst region of Croatia, measuring the concentration of dissolved radon in the groundwater. The measured values of radon concentrations for spring water ranged from 0.45BqL−1 to 16.53BqL−1. These results are much lower than the reference level of 100BqL−1 set by the European Commission for drinking water. The lowest radon concentration 0.44BqL−1 was measured at the surface water intake on the Cetina River.
The mass fractions of 16 elements were determined in 3 representative spring sediments. Highest concentrations of some metals in total sediments (mgkg−1, d.w.) are: lead 2601, chromium 244, silver 1.11, manganese 1178, zinc 322, copper 507 and barium 461. Lead concentrations are assumed to be of natural origin.
•Applied combination of methods was used for the first time in global karst systems.•Dissolved radon levels were lower than the EU reference values for drinking water.•Groundwater of all springs belongs to the Ca–HCO3 type of water.•Groundwater contains low amount of trace elements and is of exceptional quality.•Spring sediments showed high concentrations of lead, assumed to be of natural origin.
The pseudoscorpion sample discovered under a stone in Dalmatia (Croatia) was
studied. A new species is described herein: Chthonius (Chthonius) makirina n.
sp. This taxon is considered endemic to ...Dalmatia and the Balkan Peninsula.
Along these lines, the diagnostic characters of the analyzed species are
thoroughly described and figured. Taxonomic interrelationship and geographic
distribution are briefly discussed.
nema
PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br.173038
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