Este artículo describe y analiza como personas con discapacidad experimentan sus movilidades en un territorio rural del Sur de Chile. A través de un diseño etnográfico, se aplicaron entrevistas y ...observaciones a las personas, sus familias y cuidadores. Los resultados sugieren que las familias directas, en complemento con instituciones públicas locales, son quienes hacen posibles las movilidades y proyectos de vida de sus miembros con discapacidad. Además, el territorio, entendido como espacio vital, es altamente valorado por las personas, quienes aprecian los anclajes y arraigos locales. Finalmente, las movilidades como enfoque nos permiten nuevas lecturas de la discapacidad, en donde se introducen las interdependencias, negociaciones y tejidos de diversas redes, como categorías y formas plausibles de gestionar la cotidianidad.
The COVID-19 pandemic is having a great impact on health services. Patients not receiving care due to closure of outpatient services suffer a collateral damage. Our aim was to provide first data on ...impact of COVID-19 on people experiencing disability in Europe.
We developed an estimation from a survey and publicly available data. Thirty-eight countries have been inquired through the European Bodies of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine - the rehabilitation medical specialty. The nine questions of the survey focused on March 31st, 2020. We used the following indicators: for inpatients, acute and rehabilitative hospital beds; for outpatients, missing uniform European data, we used information from Italy, Belgium and the UK, and estimated for Europe basing on population, number of rehabilitation physicians, physiotherapists, and people with self-reported limitations.
Thirty-five countries (92%) including 99% of the population (809.9 million) answered. Stop of admissions to rehabilitation, early discharge and reduction of activities involved 194,800 inpatients in 10 countries. Outpatient activities stopped for 87%, involving 318,000 patients per day in Italy, Belgium and the UK, leading to an estimate range of 1.3-2.2 million in Europe. Seven countries reported experiences on rehabilitation for acute COVID-19 patients.
COVID-19 emergency is having a huge impact on rehabilitation of people experiencing disability. This may lead to future cumulative effects due to reduced functional outcome and consequent increased burden of care. When the emergency will fade, rehabilitation demand will probably grow due to an expected return wave of these not well treated patients, but probably also of post-COVID-19 patients' needs.
As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global ...Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016.
We estimated prevalence and incidence for 328 diseases and injuries and 2982 sequelae, their non-fatal consequences. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, as the main method of estimation, ensuring consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, and cause of death rates for each condition. For some causes, we used alternative modelling strategies if incidence or prevalence needed to be derived from other data. YLDs were estimated as the product of prevalence and a disability weight for all mutually exclusive sequelae, corrected for comorbidity and aggregated to cause level. We updated the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and total fertility rate. GBD 2016 complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER).
Globally, low back pain, migraine, age-related and other hearing loss, iron-deficiency anaemia, and major depressive disorder were the five leading causes of YLDs in 2016, contributing 57·6 million (95% uncertainty interval UI 40·8–75·9 million 7·2%, 6·0–8·3), 45·1 million (29·0–62·8 million 5·6%, 4·0–7·2), 36·3 million (25·3–50·9 million 4·5%, 3·8–5·3), 34·7 million (23·0–49·6 million 4·3%, 3·5–5·2), and 34·1 million (23·5–46·0 million 4·2%, 3·2–5·3) of total YLDs, respectively. Age-standardised rates of YLDs for all causes combined decreased between 1990 and 2016 by 2·7% (95% UI 2·3–3·1). Despite mostly stagnant age-standardised rates, the absolute number of YLDs from non-communicable diseases has been growing rapidly across all SDI quintiles, partly because of population growth, but also the ageing of populations. The largest absolute increases in total numbers of YLDs globally were between the ages of 40 and 69 years. Age-standardised YLD rates for all conditions combined were 10·4% (95% UI 9·0–11·8) higher in women than in men. Iron-deficiency anaemia, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and all musculoskeletal disorders apart from gout were the main conditions contributing to higher YLD rates in women. Men had higher age-standardised rates of substance use disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and all injuries apart from sexual violence. Globally, we noted much less geographical variation in disability than has been documented for premature mortality. In 2016, there was a less than two times difference in age-standardised YLD rates for all causes between the location with the lowest rate (China, 9201 YLDs per 100 000, 95% UI 6862–11943) and highest rate (Yemen, 14 774 YLDs per 100 000, 11 018–19 228).
The decrease in death rates since 1990 for most causes has not been matched by a similar decline in age-standardised YLD rates. For many large causes, YLD rates have either been stagnant or have increased for some causes, such as diabetes. As populations are ageing, and the prevalence of disabling disease generally increases steeply with age, health systems will face increasing demand for services that are generally costlier than the interventions that have led to declines in mortality in childhood or for the major causes of mortality in adults. Up-to-date information about the trends of disease and how this varies between countries is essential to plan for an adequate health-system response.
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health.
La inclusión de personas con discapacidad en las prácticas deportivas puede suponer una mejora de la aptitud física y motriz, la vivencia de nuevas experiencias y la reducción del distanciamiento ...social. De ese modo, el trabajo buscar identificar las percepciones de personas con discapacidades y de profesionales y de Educación Física relacionadas con la natación. En cuanto a la metodología, se trata de una investigación con enfoque cualitativo, utilizando las técnicas de revisión de literatura e investigación de campo, con entrevistas semiestructuradas para evaluación de contenido y análisis de resultados. Esta investigación presentó resultados positivos relacionados con la natación como una de las posibilidades deportivas capaces de promover la inclusión, debido a lo importante y gratificante que resulta para el reconocimiento que esas personas comienzan a adquirir tanto en lo personal como en lo profesional. En conclusión, la práctica y experiencia de la natación sugiere beneficios físicos, psicológicos y sociales, aumentando la capacidad funcional, la rehabilitación, inclusión, socialización y la salud del practicante.
Purpose: To inform the field of rehabilitation psychology about the impacts of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) on the disability community in the United States and the additional sources of ...stress and trauma disabled people face during these times. Method: A review of the literature on disability and COVID-19 is provided, with an emphasis on sources of trauma and stress that disproportionately impact the disability community and the ways in which disability intersects with other marginalized identities in the context of trauma and the pandemic. We also reflect on the potential impacts on the field of psychology and the ways in which psychologists, led by rehabilitation psychologists, can support disabled clients and the broader disability community at both the individual client and systemic levels. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic introduces unique potential sources of trauma and stress within the disability community, including concerns about health care rationing and ableism in health care, isolation, and the deaths and illnesses of loved ones and community members. Conclusions/Implications: Rehabilitation psychologists and other professionals should be aware of the potential for trauma and stress among disabled clients and work with them to mitigate its effects. Additionally, psychologists should also work with the disability community and disabled colleagues to address systemic and institutional ableism and its intersections with other forms of oppression.
Impact and Implications
This article sheds light on the ways in which people with disabilities in the United States are disproportionately exposed to sources of stress and trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors call on rehabilitation psychologists and others to recognize and address these disparities in their work through acknowledging and addressing ableism and other forms of oppression.
The professional text brings reflection and small reflection from practice on the topic of ageing in people with mental disabilities in the context of the importance of professional cooperation, ...especially special pedagogy and social work. The phenomenon of ageing, not only in the context of mental disabilities, is a topic that resonates in a professional society but also points to the aspect of quality of life and social setting in the perception of ageing of people with disabilities - in our case, people with mental disabilities. Providing care for ageing people with mental disabilities should aim to improve their existence. These are people who have a mental disability that has a significant impact on their stages throughout life.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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