Purpose: To inform the field of rehabilitation psychology about the impacts of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) on the disability community in the United States and the additional sources of ...stress and trauma disabled people face during these times. Method: A review of the literature on disability and COVID-19 is provided, with an emphasis on sources of trauma and stress that disproportionately impact the disability community and the ways in which disability intersects with other marginalized identities in the context of trauma and the pandemic. We also reflect on the potential impacts on the field of psychology and the ways in which psychologists, led by rehabilitation psychologists, can support disabled clients and the broader disability community at both the individual client and systemic levels. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic introduces unique potential sources of trauma and stress within the disability community, including concerns about health care rationing and ableism in health care, isolation, and the deaths and illnesses of loved ones and community members. Conclusions/Implications: Rehabilitation psychologists and other professionals should be aware of the potential for trauma and stress among disabled clients and work with them to mitigate its effects. Additionally, psychologists should also work with the disability community and disabled colleagues to address systemic and institutional ableism and its intersections with other forms of oppression.
Impact and Implications
This article sheds light on the ways in which people with disabilities in the United States are disproportionately exposed to sources of stress and trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors call on rehabilitation psychologists and others to recognize and address these disparities in their work through acknowledging and addressing ableism and other forms of oppression.
The professional text brings reflection and small reflection from practice on the topic of ageing in people with mental disabilities in the context of the importance of professional cooperation, ...especially special pedagogy and social work. The phenomenon of ageing, not only in the context of mental disabilities, is a topic that resonates in a professional society but also points to the aspect of quality of life and social setting in the perception of ageing of people with disabilities - in our case, people with mental disabilities. Providing care for ageing people with mental disabilities should aim to improve their existence. These are people who have a mental disability that has a significant impact on their stages throughout life.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The professional text brings reflection and small reflection from practice on the topic of ageing in people with mental disabilities in the context of the importance of professional cooperation, ...especially special pedagogy and social work. The phenomenon of ageing, not only in the context of mental disabilities, is a topic that resonates in a professional society but also points to the aspect of quality of life and social setting in the perception of ageing of people with disabilities - in our case, people with mental disabilities. Providing care for ageing people with mental disabilities should aim to improve their existence. These are people who have a mental disability that has a significant impact on their stages throughout life.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of a student-mentored community-based exercise program for youth with disability.
Method: Nineteen youth (nine female; mean age 18 years) with disability (seven ...cerebral palsy, six Down syndrome, three spina bifida, two autism spectrum disorder, one spinal cord injury) were recruited. Each participant was matched with a student mentor and exercised twice a week for 12 weeks at their local gymnasium. Five domains of feasibility were assessed: demand, implementation, practicality, limited efficacy testing, and acceptability.
Results: Demand comprised 55 expressions of interest. Demonstrating evidence of implementation, 91% of scheduled sessions were attended and training fidelity (comparing training load in weeks 1 and 12) showed exercise intensity significantly increased for strength and aerobic exercises. The program was practical with no major and 17 minor adverse events (e.g., muscle soreness). Limited efficacy testing was demonstrated by increased arm (4 kg, 95% CI: 1-7) and leg strength (43 kg, 95% CI: 24-62), walking endurance (80 m, 95% CI: 24-137), and improvement in three dimensions of health-related quality of life (autonomy, physical, and psychological well-being). The program was accepted very positively by participants.
Conclusions: A student-mentored community-based exercise program feasibly engages youth with disability in community-based exercise.
Implications for Rehabilitation
A 12-week community-based student-mentored exercise program for youth with disability is feasible.
Exercising in a real-world setting with a student mentor has a positive effect on physical and psychological well-being of youth with disability.
The loss of reason, a sense of alienation from the commonsense world we all like to imagine we inhabit, the shattering emotional turmoil that seizes hold and won't let go-these are some of the traits ...we associate with madness. Today, mental disturbance is most commonly viewed through a medical lens, but societies have also sought to make sense of it through religion or the supernatural, or by constructing psychological or social explanations in an effort to tame the demons of unreason.Madness in Civilizationtraces the long and complex history of this affliction and our attempts to treat it.
Beautifully illustrated throughout,Madness in Civilizationtakes readers from antiquity to today, painting a vivid and often harrowing portrait of the different ways that cultures around the world have interpreted and responded to the seemingly irrational, psychotic, and insane. From the Bible to Sigmund Freud, from exorcism to mesmerism, from Bedlam to Victorian asylums, from the theory of humors to modern pharmacology, the book explores the manifestations and meanings of madness, its challenges and consequences, and our varied responses to it. It also looks at how insanity has haunted the imaginations of artists and writers and describes the profound influence it has had on the arts, from drama, opera, and the novel to drawing, painting, and sculpture.
Written by one of the world's preeminent historians of psychiatry,Madness in Civilizationis a panoramic history of the human encounter with unreason.
This review outlines a conceptual approach to inform research and practice aimed at supporting children whose lives are complicated by impairment and/or chronic medical conditions, and their ...families. ‘Participation’ in meaningful life activities should be an essential intervention goal, to meet the challenges of healthy growth and development, and to provide opportunities to help ensure that young people with impairments reach their full potential across their lifespan. Intervention activities and research can focus on participation as either an independent or dependent variable. The proposed framework and associated hypotheses are applicable to children and young people with a wide variety of conditions, and to their families. In taking a fresh ‘non‐categorical’ perspective to health for children and young people, asking new questions, and exploring issues in innovative ways, we expect to learn lessons and to develop creative solutions that will ultimately benefit children with a wide variety of impairments and challenges, and their families, everywhere.
What this paper adds
An innovative conceptual framework to support participation‐based research and practice.
Recommendations for future participation‐based research.
Rehabilitation has often been seen as a disability-specific service needed by only few of the population. Despite its individual and societal benefits, rehabilitation has not been prioritised in ...countries and is under-resourced. We present global, regional, and country data for the number of people who would benefit from rehabilitation at least once during the course of their disabling illness or injury.
To estimate the need for rehabilitation, data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 were used to calculate the prevalence and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) of 25 diseases, impairments, or bespoke aggregations of sequelae that were selected as amenable to rehabilitation. All analyses were done at the country level and then aggregated to seven regions: World Bank high-income countries and the six WHO regions (ie, Africa, the Americas, Southeast Asia, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, and Western Pacific).
Globally, in 2019, 2·41 billion (95% uncertainty interval 2·34–2·50) individuals had conditions that would benefit from rehabilitation, contributing to 310 million 235–392 YLDs. This number had increased by 63% from 1990 to 2019. Regionally, the Western Pacific had the highest need of rehabilitation services (610 million people 588–636 and 83 million YLDs 62–106). The disease area that contributed most to prevalence was musculoskeletal disorders (1·71 billion people 1·68–1·80), with low back pain being the most prevalent condition in 134 of the 204 countries analysed.
To our knowledge, this is the first study to produce a global estimate of the need for rehabilitation services and to show that at least one in every three people in the world needs rehabilitation at some point in the course of their illness or injury. This number counters the common view of rehabilitation as a service required by only few people. We argue that rehabilitation needs to be brought close to communities as an integral part of primary health care to reach more people in need.
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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