A number of authors have endorsed the view that community-based tourism (CBT) can improve the well-being of local communities through the generation of economic and social benefits. This study ...proposes a management model that may be employed to assist local communities develop ventures of this nature. The findings of a study of a relatively successful CBT venture on Marajó Island in the Brazilian Amazon were used in tandem with a review of the literature to build the model based on an action pathway approach. Semi-structured interviews were employed to identify the sequence of actions that occurred commencing when the CBT venture was first suggested to the present. The results indicate that participation, partnerships, encouragement and acquisition of skills are important elements in developing CBT. The study also found that transfer of ownership from an external actor to the community will only be successful if the community has the required management skills necessary to run the project as a commercial business. The model that emerged from this research has the ability to be widely used to assist communities embarking on CBT ventures.
Indonesian Migrant Workers (BMI) is a development hero that contributes to reducing the national poverty rate; however, the departure of BMI abroad has an impact on the change of BMI and their ...families. This study aims to analyze the changes that occur in the socio-economic and cultural sectors. The results showed that there was a change of socio-economic and cultural behavior of full-time BMI women in the village of Majangtengah after they returned to the area of origin. Social change occurs in the family to the community. At the family level there is a change in the structure and function of the family because of the absence of a mother in the household. The core family structure is transformed into a widespread family, with no mother, the BMI who joins the family of origin. The second structure is to survive with the core family minus the mother, or father to be single parent. The third form is the children living alone at home because there is no parent or relative guarding.
Though they are generally characterized on the basis of faunal remains or lithic industries, in the highlands of northernmost Chile, the cultural aspects of the socio-economic changes, between ...Archaic and Formative periods (6000–1500 years BP), from hunter-gatherer to pastoral modes of life, a consequence of the domestication of camelids, can be discussed through the numerous scenes painted on the stone surfaces of rock shelters. The originality of these representations lies in the precision with which certain practices are represented, and in the socio-economic and symbolic relationships that between humans and animals, specifically with the camelids of the Andes. The present study is based on the analysis of these scenes, with the human-animal relationship, and the graphic superpositions, at six rock-art sites in the upper Lluta valley in precordillera or andean foothill, of the northernmost of Chile. We observe that the technical investment and the objective of the scenes become increasingly complex and focused on the control and possible protection of the animal. In the absence of archaeological contexts related to domestication in this region of the South Central Andes, this new study provides an innovative approach to the progressive changes of practices related to animal management, several hundreds of miles from the area where in situ domestication is evidenced.
•We develop a quantitative spatial equilibrium model with emissions regulation.•Counterfactual analyses of regional structural changes due to emissions regulation.•Emissions regulations impact ...regional GDP via regional-sectoral linkages.•Cross-regional impacts of emissions regulations have typical geographical characteristics.•Sectoral linkages widen variation in emissions regulations’ impact on regional GDP.
We develop and quantitatively evaluate a spatial general equilibrium model that incorporates carbon emission regulations. We study the impact of emission regulation on the economies of regions within a country under climate change mitigation goals, and how the impact of emission regulation in one region influences other regions through regional‒sectoral linkages. The model is calibrated using Chinese regional and sectoral data, and several counterfactual exercises are performed. The results indicate that undifferentiated increases in emission regulation across regions have resulted in inter-regional differences in real GDP changes; however, “equity-oriented” regionally differentiated emissions regulations reduce this imbalance. Regarding interactions between regions, negative impacts on the economy are characterized by geographical proximity, whereas positive impacts are not geographically constrained. Sectoral linkages exacerbate the negative economic impacts of emission regulations and widen regional disparities. Additionally, we demonstrate the extended application of our model through two case studies.
Agricultural policy is one of the key public policies and has a significant impact on farmers as well as on the population living in rural areas. The policy comprises various development goals and ...represent the starting point for the adoption of regulations that have a direct impact on agricultural producers and their lives. The paper first analyzes the current agricultural policy in Serbia. The second part of the paper is dedicated to the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, followed by an analysis of the level of harmonisation of the agricultural policy and regulations of the Republic of Serbia with the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union. Bearing in mind that the Common Agricultural Policy is currently undergoing transformation and that the implementation of new measures is expected from 2023, it is analysed how this change will affect Serbia in the coming years, given that the new Agriculture Strategy is to be adopted as the current one expires in 2024. The paper specifically analyzes how measures for environmental protection and climate change will affect the lives of the rural population. Introduction and implementation of new and increasingly complex measures, such as new ways of agricultural production, soil cultivation, reduced use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers, as well as greater representation of organic production bring significant benefits to the environment and contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and to climate change mitigation. Until now, farmers have been expected to change their former traditional approaches to agricultural production, among which the burning crop residues stands out as important for the environment, and in the future the greater demands will be placed on farmers, especially having in mind climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. As the paper concludes, the key role in this process must be played by the farmers themselves, who are expected to change, often traditional patterns of production and living in rural areas.
The labor market in Southeast Asia has several complicated issues, including the quick changes in the economy, the various behaviors of employees, and the shifting regulatory settings. To foster ...sustainable regional development and make decisions based on accurate information, a comprehensive risk assessment is important. Conventional methodologies, on the other hand, often fail to reflect the multifaceted personality of issues about the labor market. In light of recent economic changes and the complexity of applicable policies, this paper recommends a fuzzy decision support system to enhance risk assessment (FDSS-ERA) that could enhance risk assessment in Southeast Asian labor markets. The model methodically assesses hazards, using a mixture of fuzzy logic sense and decision assistance, incorporating changes in employment trends and demographics. The results highlight fuzzy logic’s role in decision-making for effective risk management and policy interventions, showing improved risk comprehension. While educated policy choice making can lead to equitable development in Southeast Asia’s labor work marketplace, FDSS is a potential method. In conclusion, to overcome the many obstacles that stand in the way of chance assessment in the labor market in Southeast Asia, FDSS provides a powerful strategy. Because it offers more advanced analytical tools, this research assists decision-makers in the region in developing more effective guidelines, proactively reducing risks, and achieving projects that promote sustainable development.
Essay in a symposium on the historicity of neoliberalism. The authors make the case that the distinctive spatiality of neoliberalism is crucial to understanding neoliberalism as an historical, ...constructed formation. Adapted from the source document.
Spatial restructuring and regional economic development are closely associated with sustainability. Despite the considerable literature on urbanization’s impact on sustainable economic development ...and urban expansion, few studies have explored how FDI-led spatial restructuring affects the sustainability from a local people perspective. To fill this gap, in-depth interviews were conducted with 516 residents of Aras special economic zones in Iran to assess the impacts and responses to economic shifts and spatial restructuring resulting from the Belt and Road Initiative since 2013. Using the DPSIR framework and sustainability index as an evaluation tool, we assessed the degree of sustainability and viable uplift at the regional level. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) was also utilized to determine optimal values based on local approaches. Results indicate that regional heterogeneity, excessive state pressure, and development imbalances impact the study area. The findings enrich the theory of sustainability and can guide the formulation of spatial restructuring, decision-making, and policies at different stages of regional development. In addition to financial progress, people-centered development planning using local approaches should be a component of the development of special economic zones.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the political role of the state borders in the Balkans has changed. Gradually they began to transform from barriers into zones of bilateral and multilateral ...cooperation. The common European integration includes the creation and development of Euro-regions. Within the context of reorganization of the new European space, geopolitical importance of South-East Europe has significantly upgraded. This fact reflects on the interests of the international community in security and development of this region. Despite that the Balkans constitute an indispensable part of the European continent, their incorporation into the new European architecture has been particularly difficult and problematic. They emerge as the most volatile and least integrated European region. There are significant variations among the countries concerning their territory, number of population, as well as the rate of the economic changes. The main forms of regional cooperation should be concentrated on the domains of transport, energy and communication infrastructure, trade and economic cooperation, environment and security. From this point of view, the economic growth and increase of living standard are the most important problems for all Balkan countries.
Essay in a symposium on the historicity of neoliberalism. This article responds to Loic Wacquant's "Three steps to a historical anthropology of actually existing neoliberalism" (2012) and Mathieu ...Hilgers' "The historicity of the neoliberal state" (2012). Adapted from the source document.
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