The current state of economic security of horticultural enterprises in Ukraine, functioning in the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, indicates the presence of a large number of internal and ...external threats that arise in the process of their financial and economic activities. Most horticultural enterprises have an insufficient level of economic security. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the algorithm of economic security management of horticultural enterprises of Ukraine. Methodology. During the study the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis (to critically comprehend the theoretical provisions of economic security); system analysis (to substantiate the economic security management system of horticultural enterprises and its subsystems); expert method (to determine the weights in the integral index of internal economic security of horticultural enterprise); methods of statistical (correlation and regression) analysis (to check the sensitivity of horticultural enterprises of Ukraine to changes in macroeconomic and other indicators); graphic and tabular methods (to visualize the results of the study). Results. The authors pay special attention to the presence of internal and external threats to the economic security of horticultural enterprises. The authors have developed a protocol for managing internal and external economic security of horticultural enterprises as a set of successive stages, which will ensure the achievement of the target level of economic security. The article substantiates the methodological approach to the assessment of internal economic security of horticultural enterprise on the basis of relative indicators, which are combined into five components. The article substantiates methodological approach to the assessment of external economic security of horticultural enterprise on the basis of four macro-indicators. Practical implications. The proposed protocol of economic security management of horticultural enterprise can be used as a technology of enterprise management to ensure its stable development. The proposed method for assessing internal and external economic security can be used by a horticultural enterprise. Value/originality. Improved the theoretical and applied bases of the study of economic security of agricultural enterprises on the example of horticultural enterprises. The methodological foundations of internal and external assessment of the economic security of enterprises were developed. The protocol of economic security management of horticultural enterprise is developed for the first time. The protocol includes interconnected and sequential stages and is adaptive to modern conditions of financial and economic activity of horticultural enterprises.
Introduction. New economic conditions today are reflected in the development of the digital economy and determine the need to develop new methods of assessment, management, ways to attract ...specialists. In this article, an attempt was made to formulate a model for assessing economic security in the context of digital transformation, showing how the introduction of digital technologies contributes to the growth of real industry indicators and indicators and economic security. Theoretical analysis is based on the assumption that the effectiveness of digital transformations is expressed through the rate of change in the economic security indicators of a particular industry. For example, the agro-industrial complex was chosen as the key one in the field of maintaining the food and economic security of Russia. The model for assessing the economic security of innovation activity includes four stages: the formation of a set of indicators that characterize the level of digital development of the industry; construction of a reference series and ranking of indicators; comparison of the actual ranking series with the reference ranking series, calculation of the development coefficient; interpretation of the digital transformations’ economic security assessment results. Empirical analysis. The results obtained indicate that there are pathological problems in the industry that cannot be resolved through digitalization, this is proved by the development coefficient trend: there is an outstripping growth of investment in digital development against the backdrop of weakly growing intra-industry indicators; there is a decrease in the real disposable income of the population against the backdrop of rising inflation, which affects the purchasing power of the population; in the agro-industrial complex there is a high level of depreciation of fixed assets. Conclusions. The use of the economic security assessment model quite informatively reflects the current realities of economic development. The results of the assessment showed the presence of crisis phenomena in the industry and its grave condition. A way of solving the existing problems can be the increase of economic security both at the level of the state and industry, and at the level of a single organization.
Economic security serves as a basic platform for the protection of the national interests of each country and creates conditions for the realisation of the intended strategic intentions of future ...development. As a tool for the protection of national interests, it is considered a priority tool in the management of economic cycles. Accordingly, economic security can be defined as an integral category that provides countermeasures to a systemic set of negative factors. Such countermeasures require the application of a set of measures of an institutional, legal, organisational and economic nature. Therefore, economic security acts as a tool capable of adjusting the mechanism of protection of the country's national economic interests from internal and external threats and, on this basis, exerting a positive influence on ensuring balanced and stable growth of the country's economy, which improves the competitiveness of the national economy in general. The subject of the study is economic security, its content and its place in the protection of national interests of the country. The authors set themselves the task to formulate the main segments of economic security as a priority component of the system of protection of national interests and to propose the modernisation of its content for a more objective definition of the directions of protection against internal and external threats to the economic development of the country. The methodological basis of the study is based on the general principles of scientific knowledge: the principle of objectivity, which requires identification of all factors and threats that led to the creation of the economic security system; the principle of historicism, which provides for coverage of the emergence of the understanding of economic security in their historical context; the principle of multifactoriality, as a study of various objective and subjective factors that influenced the level of economic security. The paper uses such general scientific methods as description, observation, comparison of economic phenomena, provisions of economic theory on economic security; analysis and synthesis to determine the theoretical foundations of economic security in the context of ensuring the national interests of the country. The study of such a tool for protecting national interests as economic security has made it possible to identify several key segments of its essential content, which are taken into account by scholars and justified by the existing modern threats to the national interests of countries. Individual stages of the development of the concept of economic security are analysed in terms of their historical formation, relevance and interrelation with the national interests of the country. Special attention is paid to existing modern ways of protection against internal and external threats to the economic development of countries in order to preserve their national interests. It should be noted that in today's conditions it is difficult to establish a single system of protection of national interests of countries through the chosen system of economic security, as each of them has its own strategic intentions for future development and is under the influence of external and internal factors, which are inherent in the specific environment of economic development. At the same time, all of them are united by the common task of strengthening economic security in order to ensure compliance with national interests. That is, directions for strengthening economic security for one country do not always correspond to the national interests of another, therefore it is advisable to modernise the content of the segments of economic security on the basis of today's realities, which will contribute to a more objective understanding of the system of protection against external and internal threats to the development of economic cycles of countries and will have a positive impact on the preservation of their national interests. Results. Economic security is a priority tool for protecting the national interests of countries, the implementation of measures to strengthen it leads to the creation of an effective system of prevention of negative impact of external and internal content on the economic cycles of their development. Achieving the intended strategic economic goals of development of countries, ensuring the preservation of their national interests is impossible without the implementation of an effective system of protection against negative factors influencing their development. Therefore, the inclusion of economic security in the list of priority tools for protecting national interests as an economic category and modernisation of its content, in the authors' opinion, will contribute to a more objective understanding of the content of measures aimed at levelling various threats arising in the system of economic development of countries. On the basis of the research conducted, the authors believe that the use of the economic security system to preserve and protect the national interests of countries is connected with the implementation of such directions as the introduction and modernisation of the theoretical and methodological content of the methods and techniques of the economic security system (model); the selection and filling of the economic security system with the latest segments (models); the development of directions for the protection of national interests with the participation of the economic security system at the level of the governments of countries, in accordance with the chosen system (model) of economic security.
The factor of scientific and innovation-information development of the country has a significant impact on the level of its economic security. The article presents an analysis of science, innovation ...and information systems development in Russia, as they are one of the most important factors of the economic security of the state. An assessment of the leading and lagging regions in terms of innovation activity of organisations and volume of research and development was made. Also, directions for development were identified which require additional detailed study of science, innovation and information systems development at the level of federal districts with respect to their specific features and implementation of national projects. The obtained data are the basis for further assessment of the Russian economic security level within the framework of the National Security Strategy.
City competitiveness is a complex product of local and international conditions, local characteristics, social and economic superstructure, and the actions of individual companies. Although many ...scientific studies have examined the country’s and urban competitiveness, the competitiveness of port cities still needs to be assessed comprehensively, taking into account their crucial economic role. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the competitiveness and economic security of the Baltic port cities (Klaipėda, Riga, and Tallinn). Statistical processing and multi-criteria evaluation methods (SAW, COPRAS, and TOPSIS) were chosen to achieve this goal. The comparative analysis showed that the population change in port cities is not significant for the final result of the competitiveness assessment, and the unemployment rate in port cities is lower than in the country. The assessment of the competitiveness of port cities from the point of view of economic security shows (after checking such indicators as unemployment rate, company income, and infrastructure) that Tallinn is the most competitive port city according to the three multi-criteria evaluation methods, while Klaipėda is the least competitive. The assessment was carried out in three stages to monitor changes in the situation of port cities, compared to changes in a certain indicator and the costs of timely solutions or the improvement of the city’s position in relation to other cities.
The Education Myth questions the idea that education represents the best, if not the only, way for Americans to access economic opportunity. As Jon Shelton shows, linking education to economic ...well-being was not politically inevitable. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, for instance, public education was championed as a way to help citizens learn how to participate in a democracy. By the 1930s, public education, along with union rights and social security, formed an important component of a broad-based fight for social democracy. Shelton demonstrates that beginning in the 1960s, the political power of the education myth choked off powerful social democratic alternatives like A. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin's Freedom Budget. The nation's political center was bereft of any realistic ideas to guarantee economic security and social dignity for the majority of Americans, particularly those without college degrees. Embraced first by Democrats like Lyndon Johnson, Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton, Republicans like George W. Bush also pushed the education myth. The result, over the past four decades, has been the emergence of a deeply inequitable economy and a drastically divided political system.
More than $100 billion in Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act funding was intended to support financially stressed health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The ...distribution of the CARES Act's Provider Relief Fund among psychiatrists is poorly understood. Analyzing funding received by 2,593 psychiatric care organizations (PCOs), the authors found that funding was more equally distributed across care organizations of different sizes in psychiatry versus other specialties. Substantially less relief funding was received by PCOs per provider relative to other specialties. This disparity in relief funding is surprising given that specific earmarks of the CARES Act were intended to improve U.S. mental health care capacity, meriting further attention.
The subject of the article is theoretical-methodological and methodical aspects of the science of economic security and its social subsystem. The aim of the article is to reveal the essence and ...substantiation of the theoretical foundations of the science of economic security, to determine the main subsystems of the science of economic security and to consider its social component. The methodological basis of the article were both general and special methods of scientific knowledge. The article used scientific research methods: dialectical – to substantiate the definition apparatus and the content of theoretical positions; abstract-logical – to determine the essence of the science of economic security; hypothetical-deductive – to build basic working hypotheses; system-structural analysis and synthesis – to identify the composition of the main subsystems and the disclosure of the social subsystem of the science of economic security.Results of work. The article considers the theoretical foundations and essence of the science of economic security. Ten basic elements of the structure of the category "economic security" are identified and disclosed. There are four main subsystems of economic security: methodological and instrumental, empirical and theoretical, information and communication and social subsystems. The social subsystem of the science of economic security, which is characterized by the social potential of science, the share of scientists in the professional structure of society, is analyzed.Field of application of results. The conclusions and results obtained in the article should be used in scientific activities and further research of topical issues of the science of economic security, in the educational and scientific process of higher education institutions in training specialists in the specialty 8.18010014 "Management of financial and economic security" in the field of financial and economic security of the state, region, economic entities of various forms of ownership. Conclusions. Security is a general historical and social category that encompasses the entire history and future of mankind, is crucial for the existence of both the individual and society at any level. Economic security studies the patterns of effective security of economic systems at all levels, timely detection, prevention and neutralization of real and potential, internal and external threats to economic interests of relevant actors. Economic security as a polysystem phenomenon has: methodological-instrumental, empirical-theoretical, information-communicative and social subsystems. The social potential of science is important part of the science.
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