We have performed a computational color analysis of images of paintings for six master painters: Titian, Rubens, El Greco, Velázquez, Rembrandt, and Vermeer. These painters show the evolution from ...the renaissance to the baroque style. Different first and second‐order statistical parameters have been obtained and analyzed in order to fix which of them can be common for the different artists and which of them can be representative of a certain period of time or the evolution of the art. The firsts include the orientation and semi‐axes ratio of the ellipses that define the gamut in the chromaticity diagram and the dependencies with the frequency of the power of the Fourier transforms. Most differences among artists can be found in the volume and area of the gamut, the number of discernible colors which is greater for Titian, El Greco and Rubens, compared to Velázquez, Rembrandt and Vermeer, the average value of L* and the number of dark pixels.
Art and the Religious Image in El Greco's Italy is the
first book-length examination of the early career of one of the
early modern period's most notoriously misunderstood figures. Born
around 1541, ...Domenikos Theotokopoulos began his career as an icon
painter on the island of Crete. He is best known, under the name
"El Greco," for the works he created while in Spain, paintings that
have provoked both rapt admiration and scornful disapproval since
his death in 1614. But the nearly ten years he spent in Venice and
Rome, from 1567 to 1576, have remained underexplored until now.
Andrew Casper's examination of this period allows us to gain a
proper understanding of El Greco's entire career and reveals much
about the tumultuous environment for religious painting after the
Council of Trent.
Art and the Religious Image in El Greco's Italy is a
new book in the Art History Publication Initiative (AHPI), a
collaborative grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Thanks to
the AHPI grant, this book will be available in popular e-book
formats.
Spirituality is not anything static but it is a reality that is constantly developing (what is more, that development is necessary) and changing like every interpersonal relationship. The dynamism of ...spirituality invites to different ways of its development. One of the ways practiced for centuries is "the way of beauty"--via pulchritudinis. Though often forgotten, the way as a proposal of spirituality seems to be important and still valid for contemporary man so sensitive to all kinds of pictures. The article consists of three parts. In the first one it is presented in a synthetic way how in the issues of beauty and knowing God through beauty have been dealt with in the history of theology. In the second part the author, referring to the statements of popes and the teaching of the Catholic Church, indicates the significance currently attributed to beauty in theology. The third part presents in an exemplary way how through meditation of a painting "the way of beauty" can be discovered, referring to the output of one of the most famous painters, El Greco. Key words: Christian Spirituality, via pulchritudinis, El Greco, painting, theology, meditation.
THE RENAISSANCE OF WATER Gashaw, Amen
Harvard international review,
01/2021, Letnik:
42, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Quite the contrary, as the region is rife with sources of potential wind, solar, and hydroelectric power, but has lacked the infrastructure or developmental capacity to utilize them. ...despite a ...10.5 percent rate of economic expansion, the vast majority of Ethiopians live in poverty, and their destitution has been exacerbated by a lack of access to electric power that could be remedied by a dam on the Nile. Despite a sense of national solidarity surrounding the dam's construction, the Ethiopian domestic climate has been far from devoid of conflict regarding its completion. Since its construction began in 2011, the Ethiopian Attorney General has charged 50 people with abuse of power and embezzlement of funds intended for dam construction, especially involved with the Metal Engineering Corporation (METEC). Preexisting complications were exacerbat- ed by the alleged suicide but suspected murder of GERD engineer Simegnew Bekele. ...even within Ethiopian borders, GERD has had to overcome significant and simultaneous financial and domestic barriers.
It has been argued that several reported non-visual influences on perception cannot be truly perceptual. If they were, they should affect the perception of target objects and reference objects used ...to express perceptual judgments, and thus cancel each other out. This reasoning presumes that non-visual manipulations impact target objects and comparison objects equally. In the present study we show that equalizing a body-related manipulation between target objects and reference objects essentially abolishes the impact of that manipulation so as it should do when that manipulation actually altered perception. Moreover, the manipulation has an impact on judgements when applied to only the target object but not to the reference object, and that impact reverses when only applied to the reference object but not to the target object. A perceptual explanation predicts this reversal, whereas explanations in terms of post-perceptual response biases or demand effects do not. Altogether these results suggest that body-related influences on perception cannot as a whole be attributed to extra-perceptual factors.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Gabriel and the Virgin II Altmann, Simon; Leiva, Gloria Martínez
European review (Chichester, England),
05/2019, Letnik:
27, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In a previous paper in the European Review one of us discussed the positioning of the Archangel Gabriel in Annunciation pictures from the point of view of his chirality.1 By means of a very extensive ...database it was shown that the Angel is mostly represented as dextral, which favours his position on the left of the picture. We have now extended and improved this database. In the previous work we were able to discuss chirality in only a fraction of the over 1000 examples treated, because in many of them the Angel has his arms crossed on his chest. We observed that dextrals normally do this with the right arm over the left one. In 1073 examples from the third century (henceforth C3) to 1750 we found only 99 sinistrals. The period from C3to 1400 is very important, being more stable, so that the pictorial traditions of the Annunciation were established during it and it shows only two sinistrals over 100 examples. There are several hypotheses about the positioning of the Angel and Virgin in the pictures which were not discussed in the previous paper and which will now be treated in the light of our results. It is clear that there are two different strands: until 1400 the weight of tradition prevails, but after this period fashion becomes more significant, with great painters such as Titian creating a large number of imitators. After 1400, composition becomes freer and more complex and artists become more interested in the pictorial impact of their work than the iconographic impact. The new freedom enjoyed by the artists means nevertheless that some purely pictorial conventions acquire greater weight; they appear to rule the composition and are discussed in detail in this article.
In this commentary, we address the El Greco fallacy by reviewing some recent pupillary evidence supporting top-down modulation of perception. Furthermore, we give justification for including ...perceptual effects of attention in tests of cognitive penetrability. Together, these exhibits suggest that cognition can affect perception (i.e., they support cognitive penetrability).
La peinture d’El Greco remplissait Barrès d’étonnement et d’admiration parce qu’elle répondait à la manière dont l’écrivain appréhendait le culte du fort et de l’exceptionnel. C’est la quête de ...l’absolu qui perfectionne les êtres dominés par l’unique tendance – vivre dans l’exaltation du moi jusqu’à ce qu’ils ne fusionnent avec l’absolu. Pour cette raison Barrès était capable de saisir le génie multifonctionnel du peintre grec et de transmettre son message à la postérité. Barrès approchait le peintre d’une perspective multilatérale : il s’apercevait des traits maniéristes. Ceux-ci sont devenus élément intégral de la peinture moderne, notamment chez Pablo Picasso. Les périodes bleue et rose n’auraient pas été possibles sans la rencontre d’El Greco.
The central core of the quasi-trilogy is, of course, Kouros, kouros and koré being the twin hypostases of the same superior human type defying destiny, and therefore death, "Destiny embraces one of ...his thousands of thrilling masks to thrust you in chasm" (see Madam Hortense). ...in all his three plays, the writer starts from the prehistoric myth of a new world and a new civilization (since Gilgamesh and Enkidu), reaching once again the myth of a new man, or more subtly, of the new Adam, but not without being accompanied by agony, because the Christian hues of Kazantzakis' writings cannot be abstracted, gradually passing through intermediate mythological sequences. ...up to a point, the Greek writer can easily make the transition between Modern and postmodern dawn by a deconstructive trend in his writings, this interpreted (pseudo-) trilogy having sacrifice as a guiding thread, but necessarily having a goal, and then overcoming the necessary sacrifice, there being a systemic connection between the parts, because, as I mentioned, it refers to a new spirit and a new world. ...it is certain that for all the heroes of Kazantzakis, fighting for themselve s is primordial because "man's goal is, according to the old stoic formula, to live in harmony with nature, performing the right consisting in things that are useful or have a certain value in relation to this kind of life, while evil resides in things that do not have such a contribution" (Vitsaxis 2007, 28). In a retro-prospective scenario, we can ask ourselves what would be the attitude of Kazantzakis if they lived in our times, full of conflicts, of mythological residues (about Crusaders' Knights, for example) and a Mediterranean full of war immigrants or refugees... ...the hybridization of the mythological remnants, coagulated in a personal manner by this writing alchemist, Nikos Kazantzakis, especially in his theater plays, proofs a good coexistence between tradition and modernity, beyond any old-fashioned gossip.
...of his responses to various styles, and his engagement with the works of others, Picasso inhabits the entirety of art. Author Contributions: All authors confirmed they have contributed to the ...intellectual content of this paper and have met the following 3 requirements: (a) significant contributions to the conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; (b) drafting or revising the article for intellectual content; and (c) final approval of the published article.
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