Cette thèse sur l’histoire des rosiéristes lyonnais entre 1820 et 1939 s’articule autour de plusieurs problématiques : l’individu et l’exploitation familiale, l’activité commerciale et les goûts des ...consommateurs, et l’action collective d’une profession qui se démarque progressivement au sein du monde horticole. De l’apparition des premières spécialisations, vers 1820, au déclin de l’activité rosicole pendant l’entre-deux-guerres, la périodisation souligne l’âge d’or de la rosiculture française matérialisée, entre autre, par la formation de lignées professionnelles tout au long du XIXe siècle. L’étude se propose de reconstituer les divers aspects, chronologiques, entrepreneuriaux, socio-économiques, techniques ou culturels de l’activité et apporte des éléments explicatifs à la compréhension du travail des obtenteurs : ceux-ci appartiennent à l’excellence du monde horticole et sont, à ce titre, sujets de l’histoire des élites – il s’agit ici d’élites professionnelles. Grâce aux archives des établissements — livres de comptes, registres d’expédition, correspondances commerciales — la thèse met à jour les évolutions du marché du rosier et montre comment une activité marginale, ignorée des statistiques officielles, se développe par l’intermédiaire d’un réseau commercial étendu. Pour ce faire, le diaporama des acheteurs et l’examen d’une clientèle élitaire et mondaine permettent de décrypter la consommation d’une époque et l’émergence de nouveaux codes esthétiques articulés autour d’un produit qui renvoie à des pratiques culturelles et à des constructions sociales et identitaires. L’exploitation des données quantifiées relatives à la structuration du marché, l’identification nominative de la clientèle et la périodisation des modes en matière de roses, illustrée par une exploitation statistique des préférences des acheteurs, confèrent à cette thèse une démarche neuve et originale. L’analyse des logiques économiques et sociales qui ont influencé la réussite puis le recul du secteur rosicole donne à voir le fonctionnement d’une filière artisanale, son évolution quantitative et qualitative et l’organisation d’un marché à vaste échelle, soutenu par un savoir-faire garant de la qualité du produit et du choix de l’acheteur. Certaines de ces micro-entreprises consolident leur position par une politique dynamique faisant interagir mécanismes de vente et talents créatifs en adoptant des pratiques commerciales relativement modernes pour répondre à un accroissement et une diversification progressive des transactions commerciales. Quant à la mise en adéquation du marché de l’offre et de celui de la demande, elle montre un élargissement de la clientèle lié aux transformations économiques et culturelles provoquées par l’évolution des loisirs dans la majorité des catégories sociales qui voient dans la culture des fleurs une activité de détente et un moyen d’embellir le cadre de vie. Au fil de la réflexion se déclinent de nouvelles préférences florales établies autour de considérations esthétiques qui ne sont pas sans rapport avec la mise en scène ornementale que les architectes paysagistes s’attachent à reproduire. La nouveauté du coloris n’est-elle pas un constitutif déterminant dans le succès d’une variété ? En ce sens, l’engouement en faveur de la rose jaune informe sur les codes de l’élégance qui se généralisent dans les jardins. La colorimétrie dominante constitue donc un observatoire privilégié des sensibilités et des mutations esthétiques et allégoriques qui s’inscrivent au cœur d’une histoire des représentations. Dans un autre versant, l’enquête prosopographique révèle des relations économiques et familiales solidement imbriquées et livre des éléments explicatifs sur la réalité de la petite exploitation et sur les mécanismes comportementaux qui président à la constitution d’une culture familiale...
This thesis on the story of Lyon’s roses’ breeders between 1820 and 1939 focuses on several issues: the individual and the family farm, the commercial activity and consumers’ tastes, and the collective action of a profession which gradually stands apart from the horticultural world. From the apparition of first specializations around 1820 to the decline of the activity related to roses during the interwar, the periodization highlights the golden age of French roses’ culture materialized, among others, by the formation of professional lines throughout the nineteenth century. This study proposes to reconstruct various aspects, historical, entrepreneurial, socio-economic, technical or cultural of the activity and provides explanatory material in order to understand the work of breeders: they belong to the excellence of the horticultural world and are, as such, subject to the history of elites – we are talking here of professional elites: With the archives of companies – account books, shipping records, professional correspondence – the thesis updates the developments of the roses’ market and shows how a marginal activity, ignored by official statistics, develops through an extensive sales network. In order to do so, the overview of buyers and the examination of an elitist and fashionable clients permits to decrypts the consumption of an epoch and the emergence of new aesthetic codes articulated around a product that refers to cultural practices and social and identity constructions. The exploitation of quantified data about the market’s structuration, the nominal identification of clients and the periodization of roses’ trends, illustrated by a statistical analysis of the preferences of buyers, give to this thesis a new and original approach. The analysis of economic and social logics that have influenced the success and the decline of the roses’ sector show the functioning of a traditional industry, its quantitative and qualitative evolution and the organization of a large-scale market, supported by a know-how which guarantees the quality of the product and the choice of the buyer. Some of those micro-companies consolidate their position by choosing a dynamic policy using and combining both sales’ mechanisms and creative talents, taking relatively modern business practices in response to a gradual increase and diversification of commercial transactions. Concerning the matching of supply and demand, it shows a broadening of the customer, which is related to the economic and cultural changes brought about by the expansion of leisure in most social groups who see the flowers ’culture as a relaxing activity and a way to beautify the living environment. Throughout the reflexion, new floral preferences established have been declined; around aesthetic considerations which are not unrelated with the development of ornamental staging which landscape architects strive to reproduce. Isn’t the novelty of a colour a preeminent element determining the success of a variety? In this sense, the enthusiasm for the yellow rose lets us know about codes of elegance that became widespread in the gardens. The colorimetry is therefore a privileged observatory of sensibilities and aesthetic and allegorical mutations that join the heart of a history of representations.In another side, the prosopographic survey reveals economic and family relationships securely nested and delivers explanatory elements of the reality of small farm functioning and behavioural mechanisms that govern the formation of a family culture. De facto, this work aims to provide a contribution to the understanding of the historical genesis of a professional group, whose history is constructed in terms of lineage and genealogy...
Determinação da Biodisponibilidade da Lisina Sulfato e Lisina HCl com Frangos de Corte Neme, Rafael(Universidade Estadual Paulista FACV); Albino, Luiz Fernando Teixeira(Universidade Federal de Viçosa DZO); Rostagno, Horacio Santiago(Universidade Federal de Viçosa DZO) ...
Revista brasileira de zootecnia,
2001, Letnik:
30, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Com o objetivo de determinar a biodisponibilidade de duas fontes de lisina (lisina HCl e lisina sulfato), por intermédio de um ensaio de crescimento, foram alojados em um galpão de alvenaria com 56 ...boxes 840 pintos de corte machos com um dia de idade. Duas dietas basais foram formuladas para atender as exigências nutricionais das aves nas fases inicial e crescimento, deficientes apenas em lisina e suplementadas em 0,08; 0,16; e 0,24% pelas duas fontes de lisina. As variáveis avaliadas foram: ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, rendimento de carcaça, rendimento de perna, rendimento de peito, rendimento de filé e porcentagem de gordura abdominal. Com os dados obtidos foram estimadas equações de regressão linear múltipla e, usando os coeficientes de regressão destas, foi determinada a biodisponibilidade da lisina sulfato em relação a lisina HCl, padronizada como 100% disponível. As equações obtidas que melhor estimaram a biodisponibilidade das lisinas foram Y = 544,72 + 439,62 X1 + 475,84 X2, R² = 0,90, para ganho de peso de 01 a 21 dias de idade, Y = 1824,63 + 1469,18 X1 + 1381,33 X2, R² = 0,85, para ganho de peso de 01 a 42 dias de idade, Y = 1,9623 - 0,9043X1--1,0235 X2, R² = 0,83, para conversão alimentar de 01 a 21 dias de idade, Y = 0,3766 + 0,5320 X1 + 0,4986 X2, R² = 0,88, para peso de peito aos 42 dias de idade e Y = 0,2565 + 0,4685X1 + 0,4300 X2, R² = 0,92, para peso de filé de peito aos 42 dias de idade das aves. A biodisponibilidade média encontrada para a Lisina Sulfato foi de 100,19%, mostrando não haver diferença significativa na biodisponibilidade das lisinas testadas.
With the objective of determine the bioavailability of two lysine sources (lysine HCl and lysine sulfate), by a growth trial, 840 one day old male broiler chicks were placed in 56 boxes. Two basal diets were formulated to supply the birds nutritional requirements, one for the starting and the other for the growing period, respectively, deficient only in lysine, which were supplemented 0,08, 0,16 and 0,24% lysine of both lysine sources. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, carcass yield, legs quarter yield, breast yield, breast meat yield and abdominal fat content were evaluated. Multiple linear regression and the slope ratio technique was used to estimate equations. The bioavailabity of lysine sulfate was obtained as a percentage of lysine HCl considered as 100% available. The equations that best estimated the bioavailability of the lysine sulfate (X2) related to lysine HCl (X1) were: Y = 544,72 + 439,62 X1 + 475,84 X2, R2 = 0,90, for weight gain (1 to 21 days of age); Y = 1824,63 + 1469,18 X1 + 1381,33 X2, R² = 0,85, for weight gain from 01 to 42 days of age;11 Y = 1,9623 - 0,9043X1 --1,0235 X2, R² = 0,83, for feed conversion (1 to 21 days of age); Y = 0,3766 + 0,5320 X1 + 0,4986 X2, R² = 0,88, for breast yield (42 days of age) and Y = 0,2565 + 0,4685X1 + 0,4300 X2, R² = 0,92 for breast meat yield with 42 days of age. The average bioavailability of lysine sulfate was 100,19%, showing that there was no difference (p > 0.05), in the bioavailability of the two lysine sources studied.
La présente étude a pour objectif une évaluation de l’état de pauvreté des riziculteursdu nord-Togo dans les zones d’introduction des NERICA en vue d’apprécier leurscapacités de résistance aux ...risques naturels et économiques.Pour parvenir à cette fin, des données primaires collectées sur la base d’une enquêteeffectuée auprès de 255 ménages dans 20 villages dans les régions centrale et de laKara, ont été analysées par la méthode de FOSTER GREER et THORBECKE basée surles dépenses de consommation.L’incidence, la profondeur et la sévérité, sont respectivement de 88,37%, 31% et12,98%. Le niveau de pauvreté est pratiquement le même aussi bien chez lesproducteurs de NERICA que les producteurs des variétés. The present study’s objective is an evaluation of the state of poverty of the ricegrowers of north-Togo in the zones of introduction of the NERICA in order to assesstheir abilities of resistance to the natural and economic risks.To reach this objective, primary data on 255 households in 20 villages were collectedat the central and Kara areas of Togo. These data were analyzed using FOSTERGREER and THORBECKE method based on the consumer expenditure.The incidence, the depth and severity of poverty are estimated to 88,37%, 31% and12,98% respectively. Moreover, there is no significant difference between the level ofpoverty observed with NERICA producers and other producers.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- ES Este Trabajo Fin de Grado identifica los principales indicadores para cuantificar el Estrés Térmico y el Efecto Isla de Calor, ...empleando los datos proporcionados por las estaciones meteorológicas de ValenciaAeropuerto y Viveros durante los últimos cinco años, usando además el software Rayman para analizar las horas de disconfort y estrés térmico en Valencia. Tras esto, se concluye definiendo cuales son los principales parámetros termohigrométricos/atmosféricos que deben medirse en una red de monitorización del estrés térmico en la zona de estudio y, planteando además, futuras estrategias de alivio en dicha zona de acuerdo con el Proyecto Grow Green que, financiado por la Unión Europea dentro del programa H2020, busca promover la introducción de soluciones naturales para este tipo de problemas en el barrio de Benicalap.- EN This thesis identifies the main indicators to quantify the Thermal Stress and the Heat Island Effect, using the data provided by the Valencia-Airport and Viveros meteorological stations during the last five years, also using the Rayman software to analyse the hours of discomfort and thermal stress in Valencia. After this, it is concluded defining a monitoring network of the necessary thermo-hygrometic/weather parameters and proposing future strategies to relief heat stress in the study area according to the Grow Green Project, which, financed by the European Union within the H2020 program, promotes the introduction of natural solutions for this type of problems in the neighbourhood of Benicalap.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- ES Partiendo de la escasa rentabilidad de las variedades de cítricos en las comarcas de la “Ribera Alta” y “Ribera Baixa” del ...Xúquer, se pretende encontrar una variedad que ayude a lograr una mejora en las calidades y beneficios del agricultor. En España, existen dos tipos de registro de variedades vegetales. Registro de Variedades Comerciales y Registro de Variedades Protegidas. La principal diferencia, entre ambos registros, es que en las protegidas, existe un titular u obtentor, el cual tiene todos los derechos de propiedad sobre el material vegetal registrado. Esto conlleva al pago de un royalty por el material vegetal adquirido, pero al mismo tiempo, comporta una mayor cotización de la variedad. Para llevar a cabo el TFG, se decidió que variedad protegida de clementina, podía adaptarse a la zona del estudio. La variedad elegida fue la clementina `Clemensoon´, cuyo titular es la Cooperativa Anecoop. Con el fin de ver si se comportaba de forma similar en la zona del estudio, se analizaron morfológicamente muestras de 3 parcelas de la variedad `Clemensoon´, y se compararon con otras variedades de clementinas situadas cercanas a ellas. Las otras variedades analizadas fueron la `Orogrós´ y `Oronules´. Se procedió al análisis de caracteres siguiendo la metodología UPOV. Para ello se analizan caracteres morfológicos y se comparan, con los dígitos que establece UPOV, o con la ayuda de Anova su significación estadística. El análisis morfológico UPOV, se dividió en tres bloques: Análisis árboles, análisis brotes y análisis frutos. En los resultados obtenidos son, la variedad principal de este estudio, la `Clemensoon´, se comporta morfológicamente, de forma muy similar a las variedades estudiadas, y además tiene la ventaja de ser una variedad protegida cuya comercialización está asegurada por el obtentor, y tiene el volumen de producción limitado para que no se produzca una caída del precio por sobreproducción.- EN Starting from the low profitability of citrus varieties in the regions of the "Ribera Alta" and "Ribera Baixa" the Xúquer, find a variety intended to help achieve an improvement in the quality and benefits the farmer. In Spain, there are two types of plant variety registration. Register of Commercial Varieties and Register of Protected Varieties. The main difference between the two records is that in protected, there is a headline or a breeder, which has all property rights on plant material registered. This involves the payment of a royalty by the plant material acquired, but at the same time, carries a higher price of the variety. To perform the TFG decided that protected clementine, variety could adapt to the study area. The variety was chosen `Clemensoon´ clementine, whose owner is the Anecoop cooperative. In order to see if they behave similarly in the study area they are morphologically analyzed samples of 3 plots of the variety `Clemensoon´, and compared to other varieties of clementines located close to them. The other varieties were analyzed `Orogrós´, and `Oronules´. We proceeded to the analysis of characters following the UPOV methodology. For this morphological characters they are analyzed and compared with the digits establishes UPOV, or Anova with the help of statistical significance. UPOV morphological analysis was divided into three sections: Analysis trees, fruit buds and analysis analysis. The results obtained are, the main variety of this study, `Clemensoon´ behaves morphologically, much like the varieties studied, and also has the advantage of being a protected variety whose marketing is ensured by the breeder, and production volume is limited to a drop in price by overproduction occurs.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
PDF
