Superhydrophobic coatings have shown great potential in heritage protection due to their excellent wetting resistance, yet whitening problems have limited their widespread use. Here, we present a ...non-whitening superhydrophobic coating of nano-SiO2 and perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane for cultural heritage protection, prepared with the assistance of an ultrasound probe. Due to the high efficiency of the probe sonication, the nanoparticles almost retain their original size, and a porous micro–nano hierarchical structure on the surface is formed, as a result, a non-whitening superhydrophobic coating was obtained. The coating exhibits a high water contact angle of 154.7° and a low roll-off angle of 1.7°, dynamic wetting properties such as anti-jet impact, anti-adhesion, anti-evaporation pressure of droplets, rolling, bouncing, anti-fouling and self-cleaning, and long-term resistance to heat, 254 nm UV radiation, acid, alkali, and sand impact. This coating is suitable for bronze, iron, pottery, sandstone, ivory, lacquer, and other artifacts, and has the potential to address various water-related diseases.
Display omitted
•Non-whitening superhydrophobic coating for heritage protection has been developed.•Probe sonication contributes to well-dispersed nanoparticles and avoids whitening on artifact surface.•The coating exhibits excellent wetting resistance, anti-fouling, and self-cleaning properties.•The superhydrophobicity remains unchanged basically after 44 d heating and 18 d UV irradiation.•Portability and scalability promise the potential for the in situ conservation of outdoor heritage sites.
La tutela del patrimoni en el context andalús ha evolucionat per a atendre l'esperit dels nous temps: dels processos lineals de coneixement a un abordatge integral i multidimensional de les realitats ...patrimonials, desenvolupant metodologies interactives, on no existeixen fases de treball. En aquest context, les administracions deuen, a més, donar resposta als requeriments de la participació com a mecanisme que garanteix el consens amb la ciutadania. Governança, tutela sostenible o gestió del canvi, són alguns dels termes que comencen a adquirir protagonisme en aquests moments per a donar compte del gir social al qual se sotmet el patrimonial. Davant aquest panorama, és necessari revisar els instruments que han estat formulats per al registre i la documentació del patrimoni en el territori, però també per a avançar en la necessària planificació dels processos de tutela, des d'una visió integral i transdisciplinar. Especialment interessants resulten les experiències de l'Inventari de Masos, Hisendes i Almàsseres, el Pla Andalús d'Arquitectura Defensiva i l'Atles de Patrimoni Immaterial. Aquestes mostren com valors associats amb l'agrícola, defensiu i immaterial permeten caracteritzar un territori en risc. Un context rural sotmès a processos desequilibrats, en el qual generar noves lectures espacials capaces d'activar els recursos patrimonials al mateix temps que desenvolupar mecanismes de posada en valor. Un patrimoni en risc, en un entorn privilegiat, en el qual el mediambiental es converteix en el suport sobre el qual proposar noves lectures culturals per a la seva posada en valor.
Heritage protection has evolved to meet the new times spirit in the Andalusian context: from line processes of knowledge to an integral and multidimensional approach to heritage realities. It has developed interactive methodologies, where there are no work phases. In this context, administrations must also respond to the participation of participation as a mechanism that guarantees consensus with citizens. Governance, sustainable guardianship or management of change, are some of the terms that are beginning to acquire prominence to account for the social turn to which heritage is being subjected. It is necessary to review the instruments that have been formulated for the registration and documentation of heritage in the territory. Particularly interesting are the experiences of the Inventario de Cortijos, Haciendas y Lagares, Plan Andaluz de Arquitectura Defensiva y el Atlas de Patrimonio Inmaterial. These show how values associated with the agricultural, defensive and immaterial allow us to characterise a territory at risk. A rural context subject to unbalanced processes, in which new spatial readings capable of activating the protection of heritage resources must be generated. At the same time, mechanisms to enhance their value can be developed. A heritage at risk, in a privileged environment, in which the environment becomes the support on which to propose new cultural readings for its enhancement.
La tutela del patrimonio en el contexto andaluz ha evolucionado para atender al espíritu de los nuevos tiempos: de los procesos lineales de conocimiento a un abordaje integral y multidimensional de las realidades patrimoniales, desarrollando metodologías interactivas, donde no existen fases de trabajo. En este contexto, las administraciones deben, además, dar respuesta a los requerimientos de la participación como mecanismo que garantiza el consenso con la ciudadanía. Gobernanza, tutela sostenible o gestión del cambio, son algunos de los términos que empiezan a adquirir protagonismo en estos momentos para dar cuenta del giro social al que se somete lo patrimonial. Ante este panorama, es necesario revisar los instrumentos que han sido formulados para el registro y la documentación del patrimonio en el territorio, pero también para avanzar en la necesaria planificación de los procesos de tutela, desde una visión integral y transdisciplinar. Especialmente interesantes resultan las experiencias del Inventario de Cortijos, Haciendas y Lagares, el Plan Andaluz de Arquitectura Defensiva y el Atlas de Patrimonio Inmaterial. Estas muestran cómo valores asociados con lo agrícola, defensivo e inmaterial permiten caracterizar un territorio en riesgo. Un contexto rural sometido a procesos desequilibrados, en el que generar nuevas lecturas espaciales capaces de activar los recursos patrimoniales al mismo tiempo que desarrollar mecanismos de puesta en valor. Un patrimonio en riesgo, en un entorno privilegiado, en el que lo medioambiental se convierte en el soporte sobre el que proponer nuevas lecturas culturales para su puesta en valor.
This paper aims to explain the importance of preventive archaeology both in terms of protection and valorisation of cultural heritage. This is thanks to the wealth of data, mostly digital, that ...multidisciplinary activities related to preventive archaeology are able to provide. Preventive archaeology promotes scientific studies aimed to preserve the soil archives and entails studying past technologies, social and political relations, settlement processes and landscape. It also reveals the common cultural foundation that develops and transforms over time, and provides insight into how space, town planning, and the environment have evolved, as well as ethnic, cultural, and religious differences. The case study of Ugento, an important Messapian centre in the south of Italy, exemplifies how the application of innovative methodologies in preventive archaeology can result in the adoption of shared and smart urban and territorial planning instruments, notwithstanding the absence of overarching binding measures on the part of the competent ministerial authorities.
This book is a collection of key legal decisions affecting Indigenous Australians, which have been re-imagined so as to be inclusive of Indigenous people’s stories, historical experience, ...perspectives and worldviews.
In this groundbreaking work, Indigenous and non-Indigenous scholars have collaborated to rewrite 16 key decisions. Spanning from 1889 to 2017, the judgments reflect the trajectory of Indigenous people’s engagements with Australian law. The collection includes decisions that laid the foundation for the wrongful application of terra nullius and the long disavowal of native title. Contributors have also challenged narrow judicial interpretations of native title, which have denied recognition to Indigenous people who suffered the prolonged impacts of dispossession. Exciting new voices have reclaimed Australian law to deliver justice to the Stolen Generations and to families who have experienced institutional and police racism. Contributors have shown how judicial officers can use their power to challenge systemic racism and tell the stories of Indigenous people who have been dehumanised by the criminal justice system.
The new judgments are characterised by intersectional perspectives which draw on postcolonial, critical race and whiteness theories. Several scholars have chosen to operate within the parameters of legal doctrine. Some have imagined new truth-telling forums, highlighting the strength and creative resistance of Indigenous people to oppression and exclusion. Others have rejected the possibility that the legal system, which has been integral to settler-colonialism, can ever deliver meaningful justice to Indigenous people.
Abstract
Das denkmalgeschützte Gebäude des ehemaligen Felix‐Platter‐Spitals in Basel wurde in einen gemeinschaftsorientierten Wohnungsbau mit 130 Wohnungen, das sogenannte „Miteinanderhaus“, ...umgenutzt. Das im Wettbewerb erarbeitete Konzept zielte darauf ab, das bestehende Stahlbetongebäude mit den Hauptabmessungen 100 m×20 m×35 m in seiner Erscheinung und Tragstruktur weitgehend zu erhalten. Ein neues doppelstöckiges Foyer sowie ein Erschließungskorridor mit kaskadenartiger Treppe und neuen Treppenhäusern bildeten die wesentlichen Veränderungen des Bestands. Tragwerkseitig erfolgten die Übernahme der vorhandenen Tragachsen und eine Beschränkung der Auf‐ und Nutzlasten auf die ursprünglichen Werte. Im Zuge der Umnutzung wurde eine Erdbebenertüchtigung mit ergänzenden Aussteifungsmaßnahmen durchgeführt. Die neuen Erdbebenelemente wurden mit Mikropfählen im Baugrund verankert. Notwendige Brandschutzertüchtigungen konnten durch vertiefte rechnerische Untersuchungen auf Teilbereiche reduziert werden. Die Realisierung der Eingangshalle im Bestand wurde mittels temporärer Sprießtürme gewährleistet. Abfangscheiben und Sichtbetonstützen bilden das neue Tragwerk des Foyers. In einer überzeugenden interdisziplinären Kooperation gelang die erfolgreiche Transformation eines Baudenkmals. Der Devise „Umnutzen statt Abbrechen“ folgend wurde hier ein vorbildhaftes Modellprojekt der Ressourcenschonung realisiert.
Translation abstract
Transforming instead of replacing – conversion of Felix Platter Hospital, Basel
The former Felix Platter Hospital in Basel is a listed building. It was now converted into a community‐oriented residential building with 130 flats, the, so called, “Miteinanderhaus” (“Together‐house”). The concept developed during the competition aimed to largely preserve appearance and structural system of the existing 100 m×20 m×35 m reinforced concrete building. The proposed key interventions were the addition of a new two‐storey foyer, an access corridor with a cascade‐like stairs and new staircases. Structurally, the existing load‐paths remained unchanged. The permanent and imposed loads remained limited to their original values. As part of the conversion, an earthquake retrofit with supplementary bracing measures was carried out. These additional earthquake elements were anchored to the ground using micropiles. The use of in‐depth mathematical investigations allowed to limit required improvements of fire protection to partial areas. Construction of the entrance hall within the existing building was made possible through use of temporary propping. Transfer panels and exposed concrete columns form the foyer's new supporting structure. Conclusively, the successful transformation of this architectural monument was achieved through a convincing interdisciplinary cooperation. The realized outcome is an exemplary model project for the conservation of resources and follows the motto “Conversion instead of demolition”.
This article provides a broad overview of Indonesia’s current post-independence legislation and practice with respect to cultural heritage protection and repatriation. We highlight several challenges ...that hamper the effective implementation and enforcement of this framework, particularly in relation to repatriation processes of foreign-held cultural objects. We furthermore explore how the State-centric discourse that surrounds Indonesia’s cultural heritage protection and repatriation policies impede locally-led activism related to cultural heritage, particularly in relation to value production and sense of ownership. Overall, we highlight the importance of co-creation in knowledge production processes and crime-prevention methods concerning cultural heritage to maximize effectiveness. Agency, access, and ownership were violently removed through the colonial looting of Indonesian cultural heritage, so the first step towards restorative justice should be reinstating this to the communities of origin, or to the Indonesian government when the rightful origin community cannot be identified. This concerns not only the cultural objects themselves, but also their digital and physical lives, i.e. the knowledge and expertise created based on these objects.
Increasing the share of renewables, especially utilizing solar power in our energy mix is a highly prioritized aim of the EU. Budapest, the largest city and the capital of Hungary, contains almost 1 ...million flats in more than 190 thousand buildings, organized in various characteristic urban fabric types. Although on-site renewable energy production is severely limited in dense urban environments, the roofs offer a considerable potential to generate energy on-site.
The present paper introduces a method to estimate the PV potential of rooftops on a large scale applying a GIS approach. Using LiDAR data, a Digital Surface Model (DSM) was created. The DSM was utilized to evaluate roof slope, orientation, and global irradiation. Solar potentials, available roof area, photovoltaic (PV) system capacities and estimated annual electricity production were derived from the GIS model. The method was used to develop an open access website called the Budapest Solar Map, which provides decision-makers with solar PV data. However, the nominal PV potential is limited by layers of heritage protection regulations that safeguard the sight of our case study area, Budapest, which is a World Heritage Site. Visibility is also surveyed with GIS and geometrical modeling from designated high points and from the street level, respectively.
Encouraged by the administration, the gen9otrification process has been useful in economic terms for the reactivation of the socio-cultural fabrics of historic urban spaces in decline. What was ...initially considered an advantage has led to the touristification of historic centers, and in turn to the alteration of their original use. In these settings, the demographic void caused by increasingly shunning local identity has combined with pressure from excessive tourism and the obsolescence of heritage protection bodies in charge of conservation. Given the crisis affecting the definitions of the current system, this study aims to review the environmental agents of heritage value in relation to the processes of touristification and gentrification. Data obtained from different methodologies are analyzed using a multidisciplinary database, a model which enables the analysis of the relevant information from the different interacting fields. This case study focuses on the historic town center of Seville, specifically between 2015 and 2020. Elements are defined as indicators for these processes and the analysis of this case study will comprise the main results of this research.
To both acknowledge and protect many cultural heritage expressions, sites and practices, UNESCO has instituted three conventions; Tangible Heritage, Intangible Heritage and Diversity of Cultural ...Expression. If a site/practice receives this UNESCO badge, it is an acknowledgment of its universal cultural and/or natural value as well as recognition of the need to protect it from harm. However, the UNESCO badge is an important marketing tool in world tourism and its presence ensures many more visitors to a site/practice that is UNESCO recognised. With increasing wealth and mobility, many more people are travelling than was possible even a decade ago. Increasing numbers of visitors can negatively impact on a site/practice as well as affect the local culture and integrity of a region, particularly in developing countries. So, is the UNESCO recognition a blessing or burden? This paper addresses the challenges that ensue from the UNESCO conventions by considering three UNESCO World Heritage case study sites in Asian developing countries. In particular, it seeks to understand the extent to which UNESCO's World Heritage approach protects or further undermines the cultural heritage sustainability of these sites.
PDF