The International Organisation for Standardisation ISO 6336:2006 and the American Gear Manufacturers Association AGMA 2101-D04 are the two most predominant empirically based analytical gear stress ...analysis methods for establishing contact and root bending stress in involute spur and helical gears. Although based on the same fundamental principles, they have evolved to such an extent that, for various reasons, they are not necessarily in agreement. The use of commercial universal numerical finite element software has become an increasingly popular alternative for gear stress analysis and this research compares the root bending stresses in external spur gears established using ISO 6336:2006, AGMA 2101-D04 and numerical finite element analysis (ANSYS) with experimental strain gauge validation.
•Investigating the accuracy of external spur gear root bending stress analysis methods.•A comparison of ISO 6336:2006, AGMA 2101-D04, finite element analysis and experimental strain gauge techniques.•Assuming appropriate simulation parameters, the finite element method can establish greater accuracy for static and nominal, spur gear root bending stress.
The determination of tooth bending strength is a basic issue in gear design. This work presents the change of nominal tooth root stress of external toothed, cylindrical gears depending on the ...geometry used. The nominal tooth root stress is analyzed with using finite element simulations. The numerical calculations are executed in Abaqus. The imported geometries are produced by our own program in MATLAB. The boundary conditions to the models are defined accordance with the most significant analytical methods used in practice. This approach allows mapping direct correlation analysis by these calculations. The optimization of computational capacity used is also considered. In addition to the examination of the significant tooth stress value of symmetrical element pairs, the position of the critical cross-section is also analyzed. The effect of the asymmetric design of the tooth profile on the nominal tooth root stress is also presented in our investigations. The purpose of the numerical simulations carried out here is to determine the effect of the coast side angle on the magnitude of the significant tooth root stress and the position of the critical cross-section.
The paper presents the strength evaluation of planetary gear teeth designed for a radial sedimentation tank drive. A novel type of gear drive, composed of a closed epicyclic gear train and an open ...gear train with internal cycloidal gear mesh is proposed. Contact stress and root stress in the planetary gear train were determined by the finite element method and according to ISO 6336. The influence of the mesh load factor at planet gears on stress values was also established. A comparison of the results followed. It was observed that the mesh load factor on satellites depends mainly on the way the satellites and central wheels are mounted, the positioning accuracy in the carrier and the accuracy of teeth. Subsequently, a material was selected for the particular design of planetary gear and the assumed load. The analysis of the obtained results allowed assuming that in case of gears in class 7 and the rigid mounting of satellites and central wheels, gears should be made of steel for carburizing and hardening. In case of flexible satellites or flexible couplings in the central wheels and gears in class 4, gears can be made of nitriding steel.
The standard ISO 6336 for the calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears was introduced in 2006. There were some later amendments, but several typographical and other errors. These can ...cause some misunderstandings during applications of the standard and are irritating for its users. This contribution seeks to highlight some aspects of the use of this standard, as well as drawing users’ attention to the errors it contains and, at the same time, properly worded content. To fully appreciate this article, the reader is advised to have a copy of the standard itself. Parts 3 and 6 of the standard are covered in the contribution.
In several applications like hoisting equipment, cranes, open gears are used to transmit power at rather low speeds (tangential velocity < 1m/s) with lubrication by grease. In consequence those ...applications have particularities in term of lubricating conditions and friction involved, pairing of material between pinion and gear wheel, lubricant supply, loading cycles and behaviour of materials with significant contact pressure due to lower number of cycles.
The comparison of proofed old rating methods (HENRIOT….) with ISO 6336 has shown that ISO is very conservative for through hardened steels gear wheels running with case hardened pinion specifically in the range of limited life.
This has emphasis the need to develop experimental tests, in representative conditions. In order to assess new values of allowable contact-pressure stress numbers, the authors present the concept and the realization of a new test bench in order to satisfy those requirements with the associated procedures of calibration and testing.
Analysis of experimental results and metallurgical analysis of cold working of tooth flanks are given. Fatigue result test are then compared to ISO and AGMA gear ratting method predictions.
En el artículo se presentan y esclarecen las cinco diferentes metodologías de cálculo del coeficiente de carga dinámica presentes en la Norma ISO 6336-1: 96. Con el objetivo de conocer la ...conveniencia de aplicación y las limitaciones que presentan los diferentes métodos de cálculo, son comparados los resultados derivados de las formulaciones declaradas en ISO 6336-1 para el factor de carga dinámica con algunos resultados prácticos determinados en ensayos de engranajes cilíndricos. Aunque las valoraciones del coeficiente de carga dinámica en los engranajes cilíndricos están en una etapa bastante avanzada, se puede afirmar que aún los procedimientos contemplados para evaluar las cargas dinámicas internas en los engranajes cilíndricos muestran dificultades en la precisión de la frecuencia de resonancia del engranaje.Five different methods of calculation procedures of the dynamic factor Kv on cylindrical gears is exposed in this paper, taking into account the International Standard ISO 6336:96. In order to analyze consistence and limit of application of ISO methods for Kv. ISO dynamic factors are confronted with some experimental results.
Industrias Fama Ltda. it s a company dedicated to design and manufacture of
speed reducers for different applications; nevertheless, the design methodology
has many difficulties at the iteration ...process because there aren t standard
analysis procedures to design a new specific reducer. Then, a new standard
reducer was made using CAD and the ISO 6336 norm. As a product, was
obtained an interface between programs that allow designing a specific range of
parallel shaft helical gear reducers according to the company necessities.
Industrias Fama Ltda. es una empresa dedicada al diseño y fabricación de
reductores de velocidad para distintas aplicaciones; sin embargo, la metodología
de trabajo genera dificultades en los procesos de iteración debido a que no
existen procedimientos estándar de análisis para la creación de un reductor
específico. Se realizó entonces la estandarización de un nuevo reductor basado
en la norma ISO 6336 y utilizando diseño asistido por computador. Como
resultado se obtuvo una interfaz entre programas que permite diseñar reductores
de engranes helicoidales y ejes paralelos en una gama específica de variables
determinadas según las necesidades de la empresa.
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