Background and Aim: Human resources are one of the most important assets of any organization and the creation of a safe working environment enhances the quality of services in addition to satisfying ...this valuable capital. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of diagnostic laboratories of hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 7 IUMS hospitals in 2019. Data collection was performed using a checklist that was validated after being translated(by qualitative face validity method); Then, the safety status of the studied laboratories was classified into four categories: Excellent, good, average and poor. Finally, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software. Results: In determining the validity of the checklist using qualitative face validity, expertschr('39') opinions were applied as changes in the tool. In the descriptive part of the study and among the safety dimensions of diagnostic laboratories, the highest mean score was related to the dimensions of "communication hazards" and "safety information" and the lowest to the dimension of "fire safety". Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the overall safety status of the diagnostic laboratories of the hospitals under investigation is at a good level; however, the "fire safety" component as one the most important safety components was considered poor, and necessary steps must be taken to improve it.
Background:
The emergence of web 2.0 and development of social media have strongly affected sharing, collaborating, connecting, and evaluating in academic setting. This study aimed to provide a clear ...image of faculty members’ activities at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) and the way they communicate with the academic world in ResearchGate (RG).
Methods:
In this altmetrics study, we surveyed the presence and activity of IUMS faculty members in RG and compared the data with those derived from Google Scholar and Scopus. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to detect the correlation between RG variables and the 2 mentioned databases. The significance level was set at α = 0.01. Data were statistically analyzed using the Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS 22.0 software.
Results:
The results demonstrated 439 (45%) faculty members of IUMS had RG profiles, and the School of Medicine with 287 researchers had the largest contribution. Overall, 14 971 documents were shared, 91% of which were journal articles. The average RG score was 15.26 ± 9.28, of which 94% was acquired from publications. This indicates a positive and strong correlation between RG variables and Scopus and Google Scholar indicators, while the RG indicators were more correlated with Google Scholar than Scopus.
Conclusion:
Due to the essential role of self-archiving in the visibility, citation rate, and creation of further international collaborations, it is recommended that Iranian scholars consider using the Academic Social Networks like RG to enhance their online international contributions.
Architects develop spatial solutions to complex problems. The way solutions change in future will depend on how data and technology are used by decision‐makers. To deliver benefit, architects need to ...work with these new tools and speak these new languages. Ed Parham, head of the Studio and DataWorks activity streams at Space Syntax in London, describes some of these approaches, techniques and tactics.
Background: Applying an effective management system in emergency incidents provides maximum efficiency with using minimum facilities and human resources. Hospital Emergency Incident Command System ...(HEICS) is one of the most reliable emergency incident command systems to make hospitals more efficient and to increase patient safety. This research was to study requirements, barriers, and strategies of HEICS in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). Methods: This was a qualitative research carried out in Isfahan Province, Iran during 2008-09. The study population included senior hospital managers of IUMS and key informants in emergency incident management across Isfahan Province. Sampling method was in non-random purposeful form and snowball technique was used. The research in-strument for data collection was semi-structured interview; collected data was analyzed by Colaizzi Technique. Results: Findings of study were categorized into three general categories including requirements (organizational and sub-organizational), barriers (internal and external) of HEICS establishment, and providing short, mid and long term strategies. These categories are explained in details in the main text. Conclusions: Regarding the existing barriers in establishment of HEICS, it is recommended that responsible authori-ties in different levels of health care system prepare necessary conditions for implementing such system as soon as possible via encouraging and supporting systems. This paper may help health policy makers to get reasonable frame-work and have comprehensive view for establishing HEICS in hospitals. It is necessary to consider requirements and viewpoints of stakeholders before any health policy making or planning.
The user manual is an indicative guide intended to provide assistance to people who use a specific product, service or application. Despite the efforts made in its design, many end users do not ...prefer it, especially manuals used with some complex products and systems, due to their incompatibility with changing user experiences. With the emergence of the term digital transformation, which aims to improve the service provided to customers, this led to the development of user manuals. The research problem is summarized in the lack of many designers’ knowledge of the types of user manuals and their development in light of digital transformation technology and the lack of considerations for designing user guides, in addition to the lack of research and scientific theses presented in this field. The research aimed to familiarize designers with knowledge of the role of digital transformation in the development of the user manuals and to come up with considerations for designing user manuals in light of digital transformation technology to conform to the end user experience. To achieve this goal, the research used the deductive analytical method by identifying the concept and types of user manuals, interactive user manuals, digital transformation techniques. By analyzing the previous information, the results of the research can be reached, which is to educate designers about the types of user manuals and determine the role of digital transformation in its development, in addition to setting considerations for its design in light of digital transformation technology.
•TheC8DABCO+ (CF3SO2)2N- IL was prepared by an alkylation reaction.•IL was characterized by 1H-, 13C-, and 19F-NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopies.•Two different cation-anion interactions were predicted ...for IL in gas phase and in aqueous solution.•NBO and AIM calculations reveal the nature of cation-anion interactions.•Frontier orbitals support the important role of DABCO in the properties of IL.
In this study, a novel C8DABCO+ (CF3SO2)2N− ionic liquid (IL) was prepared by an alkylation reaction and then characterized it by experimental 1H-, 13C-, and 19F-NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopies together with B3LYP/6-311G** calculations in gas phase and aqueous solution to confirm its structure. DSC and TGA measurements show that it can be classified as a thermally stable ionic liquid. Three different structures (I), (II) and (III) were proposed for the IL with Cis and Trans positions of CF3 groups of anion evidencing better correlations among experimental and predicted spectra for structure (III). Strong SO···H interactions were predicted in the gas phase while in solution the CF···H distance is shorter (2.654 Å) than the SO···H ones (2.827 Å). The analysis of MK charges reveals the presence of positive charges on quaternary N23 atoms both in vaccum and in solution; conversely positive Mulliken charges reside on O49 and O50 in the gas phase, while negative ones are found in solution. Molecular Electrostatic potential (MEP) surfaces support the electrophilic sites on quaternary N23 while the nucleophilic sites are observed on O, N and F atoms of the anion. NBO and AIM calculations reveal the characteristics of cation-anion interactions in the two media, as supported by the different f(νN-C), f(νSO2), f(δSO2) and f(δCH2) force constants values. Gap values suggest that C8DABCO+ (CF3SO2)2N− is less reactive than C8DABCO+ Br− while the characteristics of frontier orbitals justify the cation-anion interactions and support the important role of 1,4-diazabicyclo 2.2.2 octane (DABCO) in the properties of C8DABCO+ (CF3SO2)2N− IL in both media. The complete assignments of 174 vibration modes expected for C8DABCO+ (CF3SO2)2N− IL are reported together with the scaled force constants.
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Introduction. Clostridium difficile has been identified as the leading cause of antibiotic therapy-associated diarrhea and colitis, which has evolved from sporadic complications of antimicrobial ...therapy to severe, sometimes fatal events that have eventually become an endemic life-threatening issue among hospitalized and immunosuppressed patients worldwide.
Material and methods. The analysis of the relevant bibliographic sources retrieved from the PubMed, Google Scholar, and other platforms was carried out. All the articles related to these research objectives were selected, followed by exclusion of articles focused on clinics and diagnosis. The study included 43 content-based relevant articles. This present article reveals the evolving epidemiology of C. difficile infection (CDI).
Results. Clostridium difficile is a sporulated bacterium responsible for infectious diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis, showing high morbidity and mortality rates among patients, especially in high-risk groups. C. difficile mainly affects hospitalized people over 65 years old, who have been exposed earlier to antibiotics. The risk factors for C. difficile in these individuals include depletion of the protective intestinal flora by antibiotics and a low immune response to C. difficile due to both advanced age and medical comorbidities. The major outbreaks commonly occur in health care, as well as in long-term care institutions. However, CDI is not supervised in the Republic of Moldova.
Conclusions. A system for reporting and monitoring of C. difficile infection needs to be implemented in order to promptly and efficiently manage hospital outbreaks.
BACKGROUNDDelirium is a syndrome that occurs in all age groups and in many clinical departments, and is most common in intensive care units. It is an emergency, in the overlapping fields of somatic ...medicine, neurology and psychiatry. Delirium occurs suddenly, dramatically, and requires a quick reaction, recognition and treatment. There are only a small number of studies that have reported delirium after a stroke. In our study, the goal was to determine the cognitive functionality of patients with delirium after a stroke. SUBJECTS AND METHODSThis is a prospective study in which a group of 100 delirium patients in the acute phase of a stroke were evaluated for cognitive function. The control group consisted of the same number of patients with acute stroke who were not diagnosed with delirium. Neurological, neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological tests were performed in all patients at five different time periods. In these time periods, all patients were evaluated: Glasgow Coma Scale; Delirium Assessment Scale; The American National Institutes of Health Scale Assessment; Information-Memory-Concentration test; Dementia Score; Mini-Mental Test. The findings of computed tomography of the brain and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were interpreted by a radiologist who was not familiar with the goals of this study. RESULTSCognitive functioning of delirious patients is statistically significantly worse after three and six months, and one year from stroke compared to those without delirium. There is no statistically significant difference in cognitive functioning between delirious patients in relation to gender, age, location and type of stroke and patients without delirium throughout one year from stroke. There is no significant difference in cognitive functioning between delirious patients during one year from stroke in relation to severity and type of delirium, and statistically significantly higher degree of cognitive dysfunction has those older than ≥65 years. CONCLUSIONSDelirium significantly reduces the cognitive functioning of patients after a stroke.
Background: Sulfites including Sodium Metabisulfite (SMB) are commonly used as food preservatives and pharmaceutical products. Despite their worldwide use, there is evidence suggesting their toxicity ...on human organs and tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of SMB with or without Zingiber officinale (ginger) extract on the rat ovary. Methods: A total of 32 adult, female Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight each. They consisted of, a) control group, b) ginger group (500 mg/kg/day), c) SMB group (260 mg/kg/day), and d) combined SMB and ginger group at identical doses. After 28 days, the rats were sacrificed and the ovarian tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA), as a marker of lipid peroxidation was measured. The volume and weight of the ovaries and the number of follicles at different stages were counted by stereological methods. Results: The SMB treatment caused a significant decrease in the ovarian volume and the number of follicles with simultaneous increase in the number of degenerate follicles (P≤0.001) and MDA level (P≤0.01). Ginger treatment of the rats exposed to SMB significantly increased the number of follicles at various stages and partially reversed the ovarian tissue level of MDA, compared to that in the control group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The SMB treatment induced structural changes in the rats’ ovaries and the concomitant treatment with ginger largely reversed the damages caused by SMB.
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