This book is the first major study of provincial history in the Qajar period. Drawing extensively on unpublished Iranian and British documents, it explores the history of Mazandaran, a province in ...the Caspian region, during 1848-1914, when the province as a part of Iran was exposed to the policies of rival great powers, particularly Tzarist Russia. While showing socio-economic characteristics of Mazandaran and its potential for development, the book examines in detail the transformation of the traditional provincial community and economy in the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries.
The Islamic Republic of Iran has entered its fourth decade, and the values and legacy of the Revolution it was founded upon continue to have profound and contradictory consequences for Iranian life. ...Despite the repressive power of the current regime the immense creativity of popular cultural practices, that negotiate and resist a repressive system, is a potent and dynamic force. This book draws on the expertise and experience of Iranian and international academics and activists to address diverse areas of social and cultural innovation that are driving change and progress. While religious conservatism remains the creed of the establishment, this volume uncovers an underground world of new technology, media and entertainment that speaks to women seeking a greater public role and a restless younger generation that organises and engages with global trends online.
Slavery in the Middle East is a growing field of study, but the history of slavery in a key country, Iran, has never before been written. This history extends to Africa in the west and India in the ...east, to Russia and Turkmenistan in the north, and to the Arab states in the south. As the slave trade between Iran and these regions shifted over time, it transformed the nation and helped forge its unique culture and identity. Thus, a history of Iranian slavery is crucial to understanding the character of the modern nation. Drawing on extensive archival research in Iran, Tanzania, England, and France, as well as fieldwork and interviews in Iran, Behnaz A. Mirzai offers the first history of slavery in modern Iran from the early nineteenth century to emancipation in the mid-twentieth century. She investigates how foreign military incursion, frontier insecurity, political instability, and economic crisis altered the patterns of enslavement, as well as the ethnicity of the slaves themselves. Mirzai’s interdisciplinary analysis illuminates the complex issues surrounding the history of the slave trade and the process of emancipation in Iran, while also giving voice to social groups that have never been studied—enslaved Africans and Iranians. Her research builds a clear case that the trade in slaves was inexorably linked to the authority of the state. During periods of greater decentralization, slave trading increased, while periods of greater governmental autonomy saw more freedom and peace.
When and why did the United States policy of containment of Iran come about? How did it evolve? Where is it going?
Much has been said about the US policy of dual containment, particularly as it ...pertains to Iraq. However, there has been little in-depth analysis of this policy when it comes to Iran.
Sasan Fayazmanesh explores this often neglected subject by analyzing the history of this policy. The analysis includes the role that the Carter and Reagan Administrations played in the Iran-Iraq war, the numerous sanctions imposed on Iran by the Clinton Administration and the aggressive and confrontational policy toward Iran adopted by the George W. Bush Administration after the events of September 11, 2001.
This topical read synthesises a range of primary sources, including firsthand reports, newspaper articles and electronic media, and presents a coherent analysis of the ebbs and flows in the US thinking on Iran and Iraq.
1. Introduction 2. On the Origins of the Dual Containment Policy 2.1 The freeze of 1979 2.2. US giving the green light to Saddam Hussein to invade Iran 2.3 Overthrowing the Iranian Government and warming up to Saddam Hussein 2.4 Linking the threat of war to the hostages 2.5 Pox on both houses: The beginning of the dual containment policy 3. The Dual Containment Policy in the 1980s 3.1 Saddam Hussein’s "new, powerful secret weapon" 3.2 The Rumsfeld affair 3.3 The events of the early 1980s viewed in the early 2000s 3.4 The undeclared American war to save Saddam 3.5 USS Vincennes affair 3.6 Iran accepts the UN ceasefire 3.7 Playing both sides: pox on both houses 3.8 Moving against Saddam Hussein 4. Israel and the Dual Containment Policy 4.1 The Revolution of 1979: When the party is over 4.2 Israel, the Iran-Iraq war and Iran-Contra affair 4.3 A different game for Iran: Martin Indyk and the Washington Institute 4.4 AIPAC and the three "misbehaviors" of Iran 5. The Clinton Years and the Dual Containment Policy 5.1 Sanctions and more sanctions: Who is more loyal to Israel and hostile to Iran? 5.2 Strange bedfellows: MEK, US, Israel and Saddam Hussein 5.3 Enters the corporate lobby 5.4 The Corporate wind blows faster: the second half of the Clinton years 6. The "Neoconservatives," Dual Rollback and Israel 6.1 9/11 & the containment of Iraq 6.2 The new administration, AIPAC and renewal of ILSA 6.3 9/11, the courtship dance and the spoiler 6.4 The puzzling Karine-A affair 6.5 The "axis of evil" speech 6.6 Israel, "neoconservatives" and Iran 7. Pushing Iran to the Top of the "To Do" List 7.1 The MEK, its "revelation" and the Israeli connection 7.2 On the origin of Iran’s nuclear program 7.3 Earliest reports of the Iranian bomb 7.4 The guessing game and more "revelations" 7.5 More guessing game and the "revelation" 8. Paving the Road to the UN Security Council 8.1 The need for a smoking gun 8.2 Psychological warfare 8.3 Additional Protocol, EU 3, the war drum and the call for UN sanctions 8.4 The source of contamination, IAEA report and the smoking gun 8.5 The MEK, "neoconservatives" and Iran’s complicity in Iraq insurgency 8.6 Existential threat to Israel and the IAEA 8.7 Pressure mounts for referring Iran to the Security Council 8.8 The spy network 8.9 The case of Lavisan-Shian: A smoking gun? 8.10 The case of Parchin: Another smoking gun? 8.11 The Paris Agreement 8.12 Another IAEA resolution, Parchin and the attempt to remove ElBaradei 9. Iran is Referred to the Security Council 9.1 The "carrot and stick" policy 9.2 Another AIPAC policy conference focusing on Iran 9.3 Iran’s reaction to "carrot and stick" policy and the Iranian Presidential election 9.4 The end of the Paris Agreement 9.5 More forecasts about the Iranian nuclear bomb 9.6 Another IAEA report, Parchin and the Resolution of September 2005 9.7 Ahmadinejad and "wiping Israel off the map" 9.8 Parchin again and the mysterious laptop 9.9. The Russian "compromise" and its opponents 9.10 The final push for UN sanctions 9.11 The IAEA "update" and the full report 9.12 Iran’s referral to the Security Council 10. On the Road to UN Sanctions 10.1 Bringing democracy to Iran and the US public opinion 10.2 Another "largest ever" AIPAC conference 10.3 Rejection of another comprise solution and the first Security Council draft 10.4 The push for Chapter 7 resolution and threat of war 10.5 Another IAEA report, the alleged hidden program and ElBaradie’s plea 10.6 Iran, Nazi Germany and the yellow insignia 10.7 A new US strategy, the "carrot-and-stick" package 10.8 More sticks than carrots: Financial sanctions 10.9 Iran’s response to the "carrot and Stick" package and the August 22 deadline 10.10 UN Security Council Resolution 1696 10.11 Iran’s August 22 response to the "carrot and stick" package 10.12 US response: more sticks 11. Success at Last, UN Sanctions Imposed on Iran 11.1 No compromise, only sanctions 11.2 On the Israeli front 11.3 Almost there: Draft of UN Sanctions circulates 11.4 War drums beating before the UN resolution 11.5 Resolution 1737, the crown jewel of Iran containment 11.6 US’s proactive acts post Resolution 1737 11.7 Thinking beyond Bush and the 2007 Herzliya Conference 11.8 War or no war? 11.9 Another IAEA report, fabricated US intelligence and the laptop story 11.10 The US pushing for a second set of UN sanctions 11.11 Israel, another AIPAC conference and the second set of UN sanctions 11.12 Success again, UN Resolution 1747 12. Conclusion
'Fayazmanesh has done an admirable job of examining the origin of the US policy dual containment. Recommended. All readership levels.' - K.M.Zaarour, Shaw University, Choice, June 2009
Sasan Fayazmanesh is Professor of Economics and Co-Director of the Middle East Studies Project at California State University, Fresno, USA. His current areas of research include the political economy of the Middle East and monetary history and theory.
This book is a study of overlooked themes in Iran's contemporary political and intellectual history. It investigates the way Iranian Muslim intellectuals have discussed politics and democracy. As a ...history of Iranian Islamism and its transformation to post-Islamism, this work demonstrates that Muslim intellectuals have enriched the Iranian society epistemologically, aesthetically, ethically, and politically. This book examines the internal conflicts of the Islamist ideology as the intellectual underpinnings of the 1979 Revolution, its contribution to the formation of the post-revolutionary state, and the post-Islamist response to the democratic deficits of the post-revolutionary state. Seeking to overcome the shortcomings of historiographical approaches, this book demonstrates the intellectual and political agency of Muslim intellectuals from the 1960s to the present.
This study contributes to the history of social changes in Iran during the Abbasid Caliphate (AH 132–656, AD 750–1258) by foregrounding the perspective of Persian language historians – from Abu Ali ...Bal'ami (AH 363, AD 974), the first known Persian historian, to Atamelak Joveyni (AH 623–681, AD 1226–1283), the great historian of the Mongol Era. By applying the insights of Anthony Giddens and the theory of structuration to address the interactions of social agents and structures, this book provides a coherent narrative of social transformation in medieval Iran.
In an analysis grounded in the observation that although Iranian power projection is marked by strengths, it also has serious liabilities and limitations, this report surveys the nature of both in ...four critical areas and offers a new U.S. policy paradigm that seeks to manage the challenges Iran presents through the exploitation of regional barriers to its power and sources of caution in the regime?s strategic calculus.
Eliz Sanasarian's book explores the political and ideological relationship between non-Muslim religious minorities in Iran and the state during the formative years of the Islamic Republic to the ...present day. Her analysis is based on a detailed examination of the history and experiences of the Armenians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Jews, Zoroastrians, Bahais and Iranian Christians, and describes how these communities have responded to state policies regarding minorities. Many of her findings are constructed out of personal interviews with members of these communities. While the book is essentially an empirical study, it also highlights more general questions associated with exclusion and marginalization and the role of the state in defining these boundaries. This is an important and original book which will make a significant contribution to the literature on minorities and to the workings of the Islamic Republic.
Have the diplomatic efforts of the Obama administration toward Iran failed? Was the Bush administration's emphasis on military intervention, refusal to negotiate, and pursuit of regime change a ...better approach? How can the United States best address the ongoing turmoil in Tehran? This book provides a definitive and comprehensive analysis of the Obama administration's early diplomatic outreach to Iran and discusses the best way to move toward more positive relations between the two discordant states.
Trita Parsi, a Middle East foreign policy expert with extensive Capitol Hill and United Nations experience, interviewed 70 high-ranking officials from the U.S., Iran, Europe, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Brazil-including the top American and Iranian negotiators-for this book. Parsi uncovers the previously unknown story of American and Iranian negotiations during Obama's early years as president, the calculations behind the two nations' dealings, and the real reasons for their current stalemate. Contrary to prevailing opinion, Parsi contends that diplomacy has not been fully tried. For various reasons, Obama's diplomacy ended up being a single roll of the dice. It had to work either immediately-or not at all. Persistence and perseverance are keys to any negotiation. Neither Iran nor the U.S. had them in 2009.
