Osama bin Laden's demise in May 2011 marked only the symbolic end of an era. By the time of his killing, he no longer represented the Robin Hood icon that once stirred global fascination. Ten years ...after the 11 September 2001 attacks, jihadi terrorism has largely lost its juggernaut luster. It now mostly resembles a patchwork of self-radicalising local groups with international contacts but without any central organisational design - akin to the radical left terrorism of the 1970s and the anarchist fin-de-siècle terrorism.
This volume addresses two issues that remain largely unexplored in contemporary terrorism studies. It rehabilitates the historical and comparative analysis as a way to grasp the essence of terrorism, including its jihadi strand. Crucial similarities with earlier forms of radicalisation and terrorism abound and differences appear generally not fundamental. Likewise, the very concept of radicalisation is seldom questioned anymore. Nevertheless it often lacks conceptual clarity and empirical validation.
Once considered a quintessential European phenomenon, the United States too experiences how some of its own citizens radicalise into terrorist violence.
This collective work compares radicalisation in both continents and the strategies aimed at de-radicalisation. But it also assesses if the concept merits its reputation as the holy grail of terrorism studies. The volume is aimed at an audience of decision makers, law enforcement officials, academia and think tanks, by its combination of novel thinking, practical experience and a theoretical approach.
Unruly Souls Peterson, Kristin M
2022, 2022-07-15
eBook
Amid growing digital activism to address gender-based violence, institutional racism, and homophobia in U.S. society, Unruly Souls explores the intersectional feminist activism among young people ...within Islam and Evangelical Christianity. These religious misfits—marginalized from traditional religious spaces due to their sexuality, gender, or race—employ the creative tactics of digital media in their work to seek justice and to display their fundamental equality in the eyes of God. Through an analysis of various digital projects from hip-hop music videos and Instagram accounts to Twitter hashtags and podcasts, Kristin Peterson argues that the hybrid, flexible, playful, and sensory nature of digital media facilitate intersectional feminist activism within and beyond religious communities. Drawing on work from queer theory, decolonial theory, and Black feminist theory, this study explores how those who have been marginalized are able to effectively deploy their disregarded status along with digital media tactics to cultivate empathetic communities for those recovering from religious trauma.
The rise of religious extremism in public discourses is a cause for concern for government officials and moderate Muslims.Given this potential impact, the government needs to pay more attention to ...the dissemination of non-violent extremist public discourses, especially on social media. It could work together with influential religious organizations which possess immense religious authority and legitimacy.
RÉSUMÉ: Allahu akbar, « Allah est grand » ou « Allah est le plus grand », est une expression arabe à l’origine ordinaire, entendue quotidiennement, surtout dans des localités où se trouvent les ...mosquées qui l’utilisent pour annoncer les cinq prières journalières recommandées en islam. Lorsque les groupes armées terroristes prononcent ces mots, ils sont considérés comme un « cri de guerre ». Allahu akbar a pris une connotation négative à cause de son utilisation dans des situations d’une extrême violence, en particulier dans les attaques dites terroristes causant des tueries individuelles ou de masse. Cet article est inspiré d’une étude de cas de l’attaque armée contre la gendarmerie de Samorogouan au Burkina Faso en 2015, une attaque non revendiquée par aucun groupe armé. A partir d’une recherche essentiellement qualitative, l’objectif de cet article est de comprendre les changements socio- politiques, sécuritaires et religieux liés à l’incantation de Allahu akbar lors d’une attaque armée. ABSTRACT: Allahu akbar—“Allah is great” or “Allah is greatest”—is an Arabic expression of plain origin, heard daily, especially in localities where mosques use it to announce each daily Islamic prayer. When armed terrorist groups utter these words, they are considered a “war cry”. Allahu akbar has taken on a negative connotation due to its use in situations of extreme violence, particularly in so-called terrorist attacks causing individual or mass killings. This article is inspired by a case study of the armed attack on the Samorogouan gendarmerie in Burkina Faso in 2015, an attack not claimed by any armed group. Based on essentially qualitative research, the aim of this article is to understand the socio-political, security-related and religious changes associated with the incantation of Allahu Akbar during an armed attack.
This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Islamic Fundamentalism contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 700 ...cross-referenced entries on ideologies, people, events, and movements of the 20th and 21st centuries.
The concept of governance has gained greater attention from scholars and international organizations as a foundation for growth, particularly to lift developing countries from dire situations and ...bring more prosperity to the developed world. However, according to the World Bank, Yemen is considered one of the most poorly governed countries in the world. This poor evaluation motivated this study into the challenges to good governance in Yemen and the author's desire to demonstrate the importance of governance in addressing Yemen's current critical situation. Despite the extensive literature published on governance, works on Yemen are rare, and there is barely any academic work on governance challenges. This relatively small body of literature encouraged me to examine in depth the obstacles to governance in Yemen. This study builds a theoretical framework to examine the difficulties of establishing good governance in Yemen by exploring the critical social and institutional challenges vital for good governance. This dissertation poses the following question: What are the challenges to good governance in Yemen, and why and how do they hamper good governance in Yemen? To address this research question, I adopted a qualitative interpretive approach. This analysis is based on information gathered from a variety of sources, including mainly semi- structured formal and informal interviews, observations, governance and government materials, such as international reports, governance manuals, websites, social media posts, and related videos, among others. The findings expose nine dimensions and 21 constructed themes, which scrutinize how and why governance is hampered in Yemen. Overall, this study introduces numbers of contributions to the governance literature by identifying social and institutional challenges and showing how they influence good governance and state-building in the Yemen context. More specifically, this Ph.D. contributes to identifying and discussing the issues that have been ignored in governance literature, such as religion, tribes, supremacy, and the Qat phenomenon, all of which applying the case of Yemen. Finally, the study makes some recommendations for stakeholders to consider, particularly for post-conflict time to aid in post-war reconstruction. This moment is an opportunity to build a state by addressing the current governance challenges, and some suggestions include a transitional phase, the introduction of constitutional and legal reforms, with youth and local community engagement.
This book challenges conventional wisdom by arguing that tectonic movements and subterranean shifts that underscore the gradual politicization of Islam and the rise of an Islamism in political and ...popular discourse based on conservatism and orthodoxy have long been at work in Malaysia, despite popular media representations of Malaysia as the epitome of moderate, progressive Islamic governance. While the opposition Islamist party is widely regarded as the main Islamist player in the drama, the book suggests that the ruling regime has proven equally strident in its Islamist predilections, at times to the extent that there is little differentiating the two. The net result of this “Islamization race” has been the increasing alienation of Malaysia’s non-Muslim population from mainstream politics that has increasingly come to be defined with decidedly Islamist referents. The book also explores two previously underexplored dimensions of Muslim politics in Malaysia. First, it investigates the role of Islamic civil society movements in negotiating and redefining the parameters of Islamism. This dimension has greater salience today given that Islamic civil society movements and coalitions have located themselves at the forefront of major debates over religious freedoms, civil liberties, constitutional rights, the sanctity of shari’a, and the nature and manifestation of the Islamic state. Second, it investigates Islamism as expressed in “netizen politics.” Both these dynamics underscore the rise of Muslim conservatism in Malaysia in general, and constitute major challenges to our traditional understanding of the nature of politics and political compromise in the country.
This study examines the normative hypothesis explaining the nexus between terrorism and Abrahamic religious tradition, particularly the Boko Haram Islamic fundamentalist sect in North-Eastern ...Nigeria. It is methodologically structured in quantitative and qualitative methods, where data and information are retrieved from primary and secondary sources. These were presented in a tabular form and analyzed descriptively within the context of the subject matter under investigation. The findings reveal that, beyond the classical arguments usually provided by the Abrahamic religious tradition school, the real reason behind global terrorism is for some overzealous religious bigots to establish a caliphate that will enable them to influence the international system. Based on these findings, the study concluded that the war against global terrorism would be a mirage unless national governments and international organizations fully address these fundamental issues.
Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966) was the most important radical Islamist ideologue in modern times. This groundbreaking new study analyses Qutb's thinking from his early years in Cairo to the radical Islamist ...stance he adopted towards the end of his life.,,Essentialist views are not the preserve of Orientalists in the Saidian sense. They are the bottom line of all brands of contempt for or hatred of the Other, when the latter is a collective identity, one side's essentialist rejection prompting the other side's counter-rejection. There is no better illustration of this than Qutb, the firebrand martyr of Jihadism, whose complex attitude towards the Western Other is closely examined in this fascinating book." (Professor Gilbert Achcar, SOAS, University of London).
