(ProQuest: ... denotes non-US-ASCII text omitted.) Suite à la découverte, par l'historienne Megan Vaughan dans le cadre de ses recherches sur l'histoire de l'esclavagisme à l'île Maurice, de deux ...textes religieux inédits rédigés par le Révérend Père Philippe-Albert Caulier, un missionnaire ayant résidé plus de vingt ans à l'île Bourbon au milieu du 18ème siècle, dans les archives de la Mission Lazariste à Paris, et à la publication en ligne de ces deux textes (Baker et Bollée, 2004), Annegret Bollée propose dans cet ouvrage une analyse minutieuse des faits linguistiques et socio-historiques qui caractérisaient l'île Bourbon (aujourd'hui connue sous le nom de La Réunion) à l'époque où le parler créole naissant était encore dans un processus de restructuration. In: V. Y. Hookoomsing, R. Ludwig and B. Schnepel (eds.) Multiple Identities in Action. Research Centre for Grammar and Language Use, Institute for Archaeology, Anthropology and Linguistics, Ndr.
The aim of this paper is to investigate some aspects of fictive kinship in ancient Sumer that we find out through administrative, legal and literary texts. From the Neo-Sumerian period several texts ...of different nature have survived, which constitutes a breeding ground for this kind of study. In anthropological studies the kinship terminology is considered fundamental to understand the structure and dynamics of human societies. It seems that, both in Sumerian and in Akkadian, the terms of kinship are reduced to the first kinship degree, and are not used to express different relationships, but they are unambiguous. Some scholars (Civil 1974; Götzelt 1995) tried to compare Sumerian terminology with other better-known systems, but the results are discordant due to the complexities of documentation and language. Considering that most attested terms express just the first degree of kinship, we can assume that in Sumerian the juxtaposition of primary terms is used to express the most distant relationships on the family tree. A lot of kinship's terms appears in the texts, some of that, probably, used also outside familial context. Perhaps in the workplace the family structure and terminology were adopted symbolically practically, which makes it more difficult to interpret some legal texts, as the so called di-til-la, because the ambiguity of terms makes the interpretation unclear. It is necessary to use an interdisciplinary approach through philology and anthropology to enlighten as much information as possible from the texts.
Communication, which is generally defined as an act of transferring information from a human to another human, involves a linguistic code as their means. In these linguistic codes the encoder ...(speaker) encodes some ideas and concepts that get decoded by decoder (hearer). Every social set up or group develops its own terms and Jargon to convey ideas and concepts quickly. These terms and jargon simplify communication for insiders (1) but make it complex for outsiders (2). The data was collected through observation and interviews with the participants. The findings of the study show that jargon is an important aspect of communication in AMU, and it is constantly evolving to meet the needs of its speakers. The study also highlights the importance of pragmatic competence in understanding jargon and its use in different contexts. These ideas and concepts are highly pragmatic in nature and their development seems as a journey which starts from literal meaning and reaches to pragmatic meaning via context. This paper discusses how the lexicalized concept of an utterance changes into an ad hoc concept and how pragmatic inference operates in these changes, in special reference to AMU campus jargon. Keywords: AMU, Literal concept, Pragmatic concept, Jargons, Literal meaning, Pragmatic meaning.
Nociplastic pain is the semantic term suggested by the international community of pain researchers to describe a third category of pain that is mechanistically distinct from nociceptive pain, which ...is caused by ongoing inflammation and damage of tissues, and neuropathic pain, which is caused by nerve damage. The mechanisms that underlie this type of pain are not entirely understood, but it is thought that augmented CNS pain and sensory processing and altered pain modulation play prominent roles. The symptoms observed in nociplastic pain include multifocal pain that is more widespread or intense, or both, than would be expected given the amount of identifiable tissue or nerve damage, as well as other CNS-derived symptoms, such as fatigue, sleep, memory, and mood problems. This type of pain can occur in isolation, as often occurs in conditions such as fibromyalgia or tension-type headache, or as part of a mixed-pain state in combination with ongoing nociceptive or neuropathic pain, as might occur in chronic low back pain. It is important to recognise this type of pain, since it will respond to different therapies than nociceptive pain, with a decreased responsiveness to peripherally directed therapies such as anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids, surgery, or injections.
Im 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert wanderten zahlreiche Personen aus Europa nach Lateinamerika aus. So ließen sich auch viele Menschen aus dem deutschsprachigen Gebiet und aus Ländern mit anderen ...germanischen Sprachen, etwa aus den Niederlanden oder aus Skandinavien, dort nieder. In Teilen haben sich Sprachgemeinschaften bis heute erhalten können. Der vorliegende Band widmet sich solchen Gemeinschaften, die heute Sprachminderheiten darstellen. In zwölf Beiträgen werden hoch- und niederdeutsche Sprachgemeinschaften sowie die dänische Sprachgemeinschaft in Argentinien in den Blick genommen. Dabei werden auch methodische Fortschritte – z.B. durch den Aufbau von Korpora – und neue Forschungsansätze durch Einbindung mehrsprachiger, didaktischer oder ökonomischer Perspektiven aufgezeigt.
We determine the Dedekind domain pairs of rings; that is, pairs of rings R⊂S such that each intermediary ring in between R and S is a Dedekind domain. We also establish that if R⊂S is an extension of ...rings having only one non-Dedekind intermediary ring, then necessarily R is not Dedekind and so R is a maximal non-Dedekind domain subring of S. Maximal non-Dedekind domain subrings R of S are identified in the following cases: (1) R is not integrally closed, (2) R is integrally closed and either SuppS/R<∞ or MaxR<∞, (3) S is a field, (4) R is a valuation domain, and (5) R⊂S is an integral extension. We also provide some classifications of pairs of rings having exactly two non-Dedekind domain intermediary rings.
Modern science has deciphered the entire human genome and is even learning how to safely edit or alter the genome (e.g., CRISPR gene editing). Genomic applications to health focus on genomic ...variation and how genomic variants are associated with health and illness. The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) strategic vision boldly predicts that the clinical relevance of human genomic variants will be "readily predictable" and has launched a consortium (Impact of Genomic Variation on Function-IGVF) to study how human genomic variation impacts genome function, and how such variation influences health and disease. Despite these advances, the "language" of genomic variation has not been fully and uniformly adopted in cancer care. Using outdated terms such as mutation rather than pathogenic variant can lead to errors because the term mutation can mean benign, uncertain significance, and pathogenic genetic changes which have very different impacts on genomic function and disease risk. As a result, there have been misinterpretations by nurses resulting in unsafe care. The Genomics Advisory Board (GAB) of the Oncology Nursing Society is committed to uniform adoption of the three Gs of genomic terminology for oncology practice: current, correct and consistent. The GAB has developed a Gall to Action that will be presented to the ONS Board for formal approval. The intended use of the Gall to Action is to promulgate the statement for educative purposes as the oncology nursing profession transitions and fully integrates genomic terminology. The Gall to Action addresses frequently used terms and provides correct terminology in an effort to reduce error and promote quality care for all. This document is part of a strategic approach to improve genomic literacy in all oncology nurses. As the genomic evidence base continues to expand influencing not just cancer care but all healthcare, it is not surprising that the terminology has also evolved. For example, because of evidence of fusion, in 2015 the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics recommended the transition from mutation to variant with the associated five tier classification. Despite the challenge of learning and changing familiar terms, implementation of current terminology is essential to avoid misinterpretation which could result in error decreasing the quality of nursing care provided.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
This study aimed to explain the working order of the Terminology Commission, which was established at the workshop of the Turkish Society of Colon and Rectal Surgery (TKRCD) on February 22, 2020, the ...criteria and results in the preparation of the terminology report. The commission prepared a work plan to complete in three main steps. The working process continued in a way that the members expressed their opinions with equal rights and the decisions were taken by consensus or by majority vote. The main purpose of the commission study was determined as “determining the terms that need to be explained and agreed in colorectal surgery, and to define them in a way that is compatible with the literature and contributes to daily practice”. The first meeting of the commission was held on February 22, 2020, and the report was accepted by the TKRCD Board of Directors on May 25, 2021. A total of 20 meetings were held during this period. In the first step, five headings were determined for writing the terms: Anatomy, symptoms and diagnostic tools, diseases, treatments and complications. There was a consensus that the terms met the following three conditions: 1) the need for explanation and consensus in colorectal surgery, 2) literature support, and 3) use in daily practice. The terms were written in the following format: Terms and synonyms, English equivalents, definition, explanation and bibliography. In the second step, each commissioner wrote an average of 10.8±4.3 terms. The distribution of 89 terms in the final report was as follows: Anatomy (n=26, 29.2%), symptoms and diagnostic tools (n=8, 8.9%), diseases (n=20, 22.4%), treatments (n=28, 31.4%), and complications (n=7, 7.8%). Figures (n=7), all from the archives of the commission members, and figures drawn by a new commission member (n=53) were also added to the report. In the third step, the report was submitted to the TKRCD Management with the approval of the TKRCD President. The preparation process of the Terminology Commission report of TKRCD was presented. The final report is open to changes and expansions with future studies.
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