Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of specialized Kyokushin karate exercises on the activity of leg muscles and the height of the medial longitudinal arch in adolescent ...girls with foot pronation. Methods: This study recruited twenty-four adolescent girls with foot pronation who voluntarily agreed to participate and were randomly assigned to either a training group (n=12) or control group (n=12). The training program consisted of eight weeks of specialized Kyokushin karate exercises. The fibularis longus, tibialis anterior, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles activity was measured during single-leg landing using surface electromyography. The medial longitudinal arch height was measured using the navicular drop test. All statistical analyses, including independent and paired t-tests, were conducted using SPSS software, version 26 at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that following eight weeks of specialized Kyokushin karate exercises, there was a significant increase in the activity levels of the tibialis anterior (P=0.005) and lateral gastrocnemius (P=0.04) muscles in the training group compared to the control group. However, there was no significant change in the activity of the fibularis longus muscle in the training group compared to the control group (P>0.05). Within the training group, there was a significant increase in the activity of all three measured muscles (fibularis longus, P=0.009; tibialis anterior, P=0.008; and lateral gastrocnemius, P=0.008) from post-test to pre-test (P<0.05). Additionally, the study found that the amount of navicular drop in the training group was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P=0.04) after eight weeks of training Conclusion: This study demonstrated that eight weeks of specialized Kyokushin karate exercises resulted in a significant increase in the activity levels of the tibialis anterior and lateral gastrocnemius muscles in adolescent girls with foot pronation. These exercises also improved the height of the medial longitudinal arch, indicating a potential solution for correcting flat feet. Therefore, we recommend Kyokushin karate exercises to improve muscle activity and arch height in adolescent girls with foot pronation.
The present study suggests suitable physical exercises for male athletes on high school karate-do teams to im- prove their physical strength. Coaches can use these exercises and related training ...methods for karate-do athletes in high schools in Vietnam. As a result of six months of training with these exercises, the professional achieve- ments of athletes in all tests have made good progress. In particular, the test of alternately straight punching in kiba-dachi in 10 seconds results in the highest growth rate of w = 20.23%, while the outcome of the test of repeatedly jerking hands in 30 seconds is the lowest at w = 11.01%.
INTRODUCTIONWith the advent of mixed martial arts (MMA) growing in popularity, there has been a described increase in its participation. The term MMA generally describes the hybridization of combat ...disciplines including but not limited to: karate, judo, jiu-jitsu, wrestling, taekwondo, boxing, kickboxing, and Muay Thai. With increased participation in MMA and martial arts, differing physical demands are placed on participants. Due to the physical nature of combat sports, there are injuries associated with participation. The purpose of this study is to report the incidence and characteristics of injuries seen from various martial art disciplines presenting to United States Emergency Rooms in order to educate participants and providers alike about risks assumed with participating in martial arts.METHODSThe National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for martial arts-related injuries from 2009 to 2019. Cases were examined and data including patient age and gender, injury type and location, hospital disposition, and type of martial arts practiced were extracted.RESULTSA total of 8,400 injuries were recorded, leading to a national estimate of 310,143 martial-arts related injuries over the 11 year period of 2009-2019 (95 % CI 239,063-381,223). The most common types of injuries were strains/sprains (n = 2664, 31.7 %), fractures (n = 1,575, 18.8 %), and contusions/abrasions (n = 1,698, 20.2 %). There were 260 dislocations, with shoulder dislocations being most common (n = 96, 36.9 %). Lower extremities were affected more frequently than upper extremities (n = 3566, 42.5 % versus n = 3026, 36.0 %), with the knee being the single most common location of injury (n = 811, 9.7 %). Males more commonly sustained fractures (19.7 % versus 17.4 %, p = 0.03) and dislocations (3.5 % versus 2.4 %, p = 0.01) when compared to females. Ankle injuries were more common in females than males (10.4 % versus 6.0 %, p < 0.001). Only 2.2 % of patients required admission to the hospital. Risk factors for admission included patients >35 years of age and male sex.CONCLUSIONMartial arts injuries are a significant source of musculoskeletal injuries among patients presenting to US emergency rooms. Lower extremity injuries are seen most frequently, with patients rarely requiring hospital admission. Using this information, both providers and participants may be better equipped to make educated decisions on injury prevention and treatment.
The aim of the study was to develop models for planning and managing the development of the Mae hiza geri chudan technique in 8-year-old boys.
Materials and methods. 32 of 8-year-old boys took part ...in the study. Children and their parents were informed about all peculiarities of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The following research methods were used to solve the tasks: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, timing of educational tasks, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, and methods of mathematical planning of the experiment. The method of algorithmic orders was used in the learning process.
Results. The obtained correlations show the interrelation of training the Mae hiza geri chudan technique in Kyokushinkai karate with load intensity parameters such as the number of approaches and rest intervals. Because of determining the ratio of the largest estimation of variances to the sum of all estimations of variances and comparing its value with the critical one (Gcalcul. < Gtabl.), the hypothesis of homogeneity of variances of experimental data is accepted. The obtained values of Fisher's criterion (F) indicate the adequacy of the obtained mathematical models they are able to predict the results of the experiment with the required accuracy (Fcalcul. ≤ Ftabl.).
Because of practical modeling of the pedagogical process, the following variants of conditions of educational tasks performance for mastering the Mae hiza geri chudan technique were obtained: 1 series – 4 approaches, rest interval 60–120 s; 2 series – 4 approaches, rest interval 60 s; 3 series – 2–4 approaches, rest interval 60 s; 4 series – 4 approaches, rest interval 60 s; 5 series – 4 approaches, rest interval 60–120 s; 6 series – 4 approaches, rest interval 60–120 s.
Conclusions. The verification of the obtained regression models allows us to state that they adequately describe the results of the experiment. It is possible to plan and control the training process on the basis of regression equations and to select rational modes of training the Mae hiza geri chudan technique in Kyokushinkai karate in 8-year-old boys.
The influence of exercise modes on the effectiveness of training in a series of motor tasks was determined as a result of the factorial experiment. The number of approaches positively influences the mastering of the first series by 95%, the second series by 81.4%, the third series by 71.4%, the fourth series by 71.3%, the fifth series by 96.5%, and the sixth series by 99.78%.
Oriental martial arts has millions of fans around the world. Successfully develop and cultivate all styles of martial arts from Chinese Wushu to full contact Muetai, Kyokushinkai karate, and many ...others. Kyokushinkai Karate is one of the most popular types of martial arts, cultivated by more than 16 million people in 140 countries, which has a well-established training system, one of the elements of which is the development of specialized kata complexes. This is a formalized sequence of movements, combined on the principles of a duel with imaginary one or more opponents. The purpose of the study is to improve the special training of qualified Kyokushinkai karate athletes in the competitive discipline of Kumite with the use of kata complexes. The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; sociological methods (questionnaires); pedagogical observation; pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment; medical and biological methods, and methods of mathematical statistics. The priority of the executioner "Sanchin" and "Tensho" as elements of special training and the significance of their impact on the physical condition of the athlete. The author's technique of training process with the use of kata complexes is developed and introduced, for the directed influence on separate indicators of the level of development of special physical qualities and functional state of karate. As a result of the use of kata in the preparation of qualified karate for Kumite in the athletes of the experimental group, there were significant positive changes in the level of development of special physical qualities and speed and strength indicators when performing many shock combinations. There was a statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in power and time parameters of complex, multi-stroke combinations "Shita Tsuki" - "Mavashi Tsuki" - 25.8%, "Shita Tsuki" - "Mavashi Tsuki" - "Mavashi Geri" - 28.4%).
Resumo O karate é uma luta originária de Okinawa, ilha ao sul do Japão. Historicamente, atravessou três períodos: a partir do século XVII, como bujutsu, técnica clandestina de luta; depois, como ...budo, quando foi convertido em luta tradicional japonesa, em fins do século XIX, propugnando valores educacionais e identitários; e finalmente, como esporte de luta, quando foi associado a performance motora e competitividade, no século XX. Ao considerar o papel do karate como veiculador de valores de um Japão idealizado – japonesidade –, este trabalho analisa representações cinematográficas dessa luta. A análise focou nos aspectos educativos retratados nos filmes, a série estadunidense The karate kid e o japonês Kuro obi, sendo conduzida conforme três categorias: a relação entre teoria e prática; ruídos e conflitos entre professor e aluno; e formação do aluno como futuro professor. Os resultados revelam que as obras criticam a esportivização do karate, enfatizando a representação de aspectos educacionais associados aos períodos do bujutsu e, principalmente, do budo. Também, colaboram para reafirmar e atualizar a japonesidade, ao tratar os princípios do budo e sua transmissão educacional de forma idealizada, sem aludir a seu caráter moderno. Ainda, os filmes apresentam divergências em relação à proposta contemporânea de uma pedagogia das lutas, fundamentada na ciência da motricidade humana. Por outro lado, as produções cinematográficas contribuem para a área educacional na medida em que possibilitam discussões a respeito dos processos formativos e seus percalços, retratados de forma original, recorrendo aos conceitos de yin/yang relacionados aos princípios zen-budistas do budo.
Abstract Karate is a fighting style that originated in Okinawa, an island in the south of Japan. Historically, it spans over three periods: from the seventeenth century, as bujutsu, a clandestine fighting technique; later, as budo, when it was turned into a traditional Japanese combat form in the late nineteenth century, promoting educational and identity values; and finally as a fighting sport, when it was associated with motor performance and competitiveness in the twentieth century. In considering the role of karate as a carrier of values of an idealized Japan – Japaneseness –, the present study analyzes representations of this fighting style in filming. The analysis focused on the educational aspects portrayed in the American film The Karate Kid (and its two sequels) and in the Japanese film Kuro Obi, being conducted according to three categories: the relationship between theory and practice; noises and conflicts between teacher and student; and student training as a future teacher. Results show that these cinematographic works criticize the sportivization of karate while emphasizing the representation of educational aspects associated with the periods of bujutsu and, specially, of budo. They also collaborate to reaffirm and actualize Japaneseness by treating the principles of budo and its educational transmission in an idealized way, without alluding to its modern form. Moreover, the films diverge from the contemporary proposal of a pedagogy of martial arts based on the science of human motricity. On the other hand, these cinematographic productions contribute to the educational area in that they allow discussions about educational processes and their mishaps, which are portrayed in an original way, using the concepts of yin/yang related to the Zen Buddhist principles of budo.
Background: The purpose of this research was the effect of mental and physical training during the training period on the metacognitive beliefs and sports performance of elite karate athletes. ...Methods: The statistical population of all the elite karate practitioners of Mashhad was between 17 and 20 years old, and 30 karate practitioners were randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people, physical-psychological training and control. The current research was of semi-experimental type and pre-test-post-test research design with control and experimental groups. In order to collect data, sports performance questionnaires and metacognitive beliefs (McQ_30) were used. After filling the questionnaires in the pre-test, the exercise program was implemented for 14 sessions of 90 minutes (every other day) for each group. During this period, the physical training group (control) only did physical training and did not receive any mental training. After the training sessions, the questionnaires were completed again. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) method was used to test the hypotheses. Results: The findings showed; Mental and physical exercises have a positive effect on the metacognitive beliefs and sports performance of elite karate athletes and have improved the cognitive beliefs and sports performance of the athletes. Conclusion: The conclusion is that the use of technical staff who are proficient in the field of sports psychology and training systems in all stages of an athlete's life can. In addition to the health of a sports community, it should lead the youth towards public sports and eventually become a champion athlete with a strong physical and psychological approach.
Background. There is limited knowledge on structure of performance in top-level karate kata competition. Problem and aim. The main goal of the study is to describe the type and frequency of performed ...katas at the Karate 1 competition and to analyse if different kata have different chances of resulting successfully in top level karate competition. Methods. All performed katas during eight Karate 1 Premiere leagues in year 2015 were recorded. Competitors’ country, sex, name of the performed kata, style of kata, score and results (win or lose) were recorded. Chi-square tests and the odds ratio were conducted. A total of 1,858 katas were performed (1,041 in the male and 817 in the female category). Results. The most performed kata was Anan from Shito Ryu style. Number of performed katas depends on the number of entries and top-level kata medallists had to perform between 5 and 7 katas. The most successful katas were not used very often and are from Shito Ryu style. They are short and dynamic Heiku, Pachu from Shito ryu style. The most unsuccessful katas are Gankaku and kata Chatanyara Kushanku, and Unsu. Conclusions. The usage of the more complicated and complex kata does not guarantee victory. Male and female competitors choose different katas.
Introduction: Genetic variation between individuals may include single nucleotide polymorphisms. These individual differences could change human phenotypes (such as skeletal structure, heart and lung ...size). Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a critical factor in growth and exercise-associated muscle development. In this study we analyzed the frequency of IGF-I rs35767 polymorphism in karate-Kas athletes to find whether there is a difference among professional, amateur athletes and non- Karate-Kas. Materials and methods: Two hundred and fifty-four athletes (95 professional Karate-Kas, and 159 amateur Karate-Kas) and 159 non-athletic healthy individuals participated in the current study. Following provision of informed consent, 2 mL of blood samples were taken. After DNA isolation, the genotyping frequencies of the IGF-I gene C/T polymorphism was assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Statistical analyses carried out using SPSS software (version 20) and data with P<0.05 were considered to be significant. Results: Frequency of T/T and C/T genotypes in comparison to C/C genotype was increased in professional Karate-Kas and amateur Karate-Kas versus to control volunteer (odd ratio > 1) however, was not significant. Odd ratios of T/T and T/C genotypes compared to C/C in professional group versus controls were 1.125 (95%CI: 0.556 - 2.275) and 1.034 (0.538 - 1.984), respectively. Also, odd ratio of T/T and T/C in amateur group versus controls were 1.002 (0.535 - 1.876) and 1.256 (0.715 - 2.205), respectively. Conclusion: The IGF-I gene C/T polymorphism is not significantly associated with the physical performance´s levels of karate-kas athletes in Iranian population.
Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of core stability exercises in the trunk area on lower limb alignment and lower and upper limb function in Kyokushin athletes. ...Methods: The statistical sample of the research included 30 female Kyokushin players aged 14-18 years, who were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The control group performed common Kyokushin exercises and the experimental group performed core stability exercises for 6 weeks. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and paired t-tests were used to compare between groups and within groups. Results: The results of the paired t-test showed a significant effect of training programs on changes in upper and lower limb function in both experimental and control groups (P≤0.05); however, a significant difference was observed between the pre-test and post-test in both control and experimental group. The test was not observed in the Q angle (P>0.05). The results of ANCOVA test showed that after controlling the effect of the pre-test, a significant difference was observed in lateral jump (P≤0.05) between the experimental and control groups. However, no difference was observed between the two groups in the changes of closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST), square jump, and Q angle (P>0.05). Conclusion: Considering the nature of Kyokushin and the research results, it is suggested that people working in Kyokushin do not feel the need for core stability exercises separately.
PDF
