The paper presents the results of metallographic studies of laser and plasma cutting methods of high-strength steel for the purpose of its application for the preparation of sample edges without ...subsequent machining. It is shown that as a result of the thermal and physical-chemical processes in heat affected one (HAZ), there is a change in the phase and chemical composition of the metal. The depth of the HAZ is changed from 261 μm to 337 μm. The maximum hardness at the cutting edge is 410 HV10. On the surface after the laser cutting there is an oxidized layer of metal, saturated with oxygen, nitrogen and other gases as a result of contact with the oxygen jet and the surrounding air; its thickness is hundredths or even thousandths of a millimeter. A feature of the plasma cutting method is the formation of a deeper oxide layer on the surface with a thickness of 9...14 μm, in contrast to the laser cutting method. The analysis of existing research to improve the technology of repair welding of low-carbon steel is performed. The obtained results can be used in the development of high-strength steel grades welding technology in terms of preparation of edges for welding using thermal cutting methods, which are currently quite conservative.
Naxi, Na and Laze are three languages whose position within Sino-Tibetan is controversial. We propose that they are descended from a common ancestor (‘Proto-Naish’). Unlike conservative languages of ...the family, such as Rgyalrong and Tibetan, which have consonant clusters and final consonants, Naxi, Na and Laze share a simple syllabic structure (consonant+glide+vowel+tone) due to phonological erosion. This raises the issue of how the regular phonological correspondences between these three languages should be interpreted, and what phonological structure should be reconstructed for Proto-Naish. The regularities revealed by comparing the three languages are interpreted in light of potential cognates in conservative languages. This brings out numerous cases of phonetic conditioning of vowels by place of articulation of a preceding consonant or consonant cluster. Overall, these findings warrant a relatively optimistic conclusion concerning the feasibility of unraveling the phonological history of highly eroded language subgroups within Sino-Tibetan.
Numeral-plus-classifier phrases have relatively complex tone patterns in Naxi, Na (a.k.a. Mosuo) and Laze (a.k.a. Shuitian). These tone patterns have structural similarities across the three ...languages. Among the numerals from '1' to '10', three pairs emerge: '1' and '2' always have the same tonal behaviour; likewise, '4' and '5' share the same tone patterns, as do '6' and '8'. Even those tone patterns that are irregular in view of the synchronic phonology of the languages at issue are no exception to the structural identity within these three pairs of numerals. These pairs also behave identically in numerals from '11' to '99' and above, e.g. '16' and '18' share the same tone pattern. In view of the paucity of irregular morphology--and indeed of morphological alternations in general--in these languages, these structural properties appear interesting for phylogenetic research. The identical behaviour of these pairs of numerals originates in morpho-phonological properties that they shared at least as early as the stage preceding the separation of Naxi, Na and Laze, referred to as the Proto-Naish stage. Although no reconstruction can be proposed as yet for these shared properties, it is argued that they provide a hint concerning the phylogenetic closeness of the three languages.
Modern cyber-physical systems depend on the battery backup systems for continuous service. Due to excessive wiring requirements, the traditional methods used for battery authentication cannot be ...applied to modern smart batteries, especially when they are composed of large number of cells. In this work, we proposed a wireless battery authentication scheme for use with the battery management system and the cells to prevent potential hardware attacks through the trojan cells. We designed a SHA-512 IP Core which operates at 90MHz, and occupies 976 CLB slices and one block RAM on a Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA device. We integrated the SHA-516 module with a synthesizable CPU to be able to create a real-world test scenario and finally we verified the correct operation of an example authentication protocol through a wireless communication channel established with the use of two ESP8266 based WiFi modules.
Since the discount began last Friday, Jay Laze says 80 percent of his customers have brought guns into the pizza shop. He says one customer came in with an AK-47.
This chapter focuses on iterative reconstruction methods that can be generalized from the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. It begins with a discussion on the separation of deconvolution and ...denoising. The chapter explains the selection of a sparse denoising operator in the case of Gaussian noise statistics. It talks about hyperparameter selection and maximum a priori (MAP) estimators using the LAZE image prior. The chapter illustrates the MAP1 and MAP2 reconstructors. The methods in the chapter assume that H and s
2
are known; however, these may be unknown or partially known. While it may be possible to estimate H and σ
2
beforehand and use the estimators as the “true” values, this may not be optimal.
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