El presente trabajo analiza la evolución y significados del concepto de onerosidad contractual como rasgo de los contratos en distintos ámbitos del ordenamiento, con especial referencia al doble ...papel que en la actualidad desempeña en el ámbito de los contratos públicos: como criterio de deslinde del contrato frente a operaciones de colaboración público-público y como criterio de adaptación de los precios contractuales en caso de circunstancias extraordinarias sobrevenidas.
The issue of citizenship and acquired citizenship is one of the serious and challenging issues in research and legal processes. Acquired citizenship is the acquisition of new citizenship for a person ...after a period of time after birth; if a person acquires new citizenship shortly after birth, it is called acquired citizenship. The purpose of this research, which was carried out in a descriptiveanalyticalway, is to identify the effects of acquired citizenship in the legal systems of Iran and the countries of England and France. The reason for choosing these two legal systems is the laws in the field of citizenship and the progressiveness of the laws of these countries. The researcher seeks to answer the main question of the research that the effects of acquired citizenship in each of these What are legal systems like?Another question is, what are the similarities and differences between these works? The results of the research show that the effects of acquired citizenship in the legal system of Iran, France, and England include rights and duties; Persons who acquire the citizenship of these countries enjoy all the rights that are prescribed for ordinary citizens, but some Jobs are denied. The duties of a person who has acquired Iranian citizenship include things such as taxes, performing military service, obeying and recognizing the rights of the Iranian government, and respecting national dignity and affairs. Obtaining acquired citizenship in Iran, France, and England laws has effects on the wife (permanent and temporary marriage) and child (relative child, whether legitimate or illegitimate or child born from a surrogate mother and adopted child). The laws of England and France can attract talented people, but Iran's laws need to be revised. This revision may include new terms and works.
Hukum dan masyarakat merupakan dua hal yang berhubungan secara erat, sebagai mana Cicero mengatakan, “Ubi Societas Ibi Ius” artinya, dimana ada masyarakat maka di situ ada hukum. ...Peranan hukum dalam transformasi masyarakat dari 4.0 menuju 5.0 sangat penting. Kesiapan sistem hukum: Struktur hukum (struktur of law), substansi hukum (substance of the law) dan budaya hukum (legal culture) sangat penting. Transformasi diharapkan dapat mewujudkan regulasi yang tertib, sederhana dan responsif. Dilakukan dengan menyesuaikan situasi dan kondisi yang terjadi tanpa menanggalkan nilai-nilai yang dianut oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Bertumpu pada etika universal yang terkandung pada Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah strategis mencakup: Legislasi, sumber daya manusia, kelembagaan, dan budaya hukum sehingga tujuan berbangsa dan bernegara dalam transformasi skala nasional, regional dan global dapat terlaksana. Sistem hukum harus bisa mengejar perkembangan teknologi sehingga penerapan hukum yang ideal dan dikehendaki dapat terwujud. Penelitian ini membahas: Bagaimana kesiapan sistem hukum Indonesia dalam transformasi masyarakat dari 4.0 menuju 5.0? dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif (yuridis normatif).
Policing and punishment are unevenly distributed across geographic space. Research analyzing place-based variation in the criminal legal system is increasing, asking how community conditions ...contribute to variation in criminal justice outcomes and how multiple criminal justice exposures (e.g., policing and punishment) vary together in places. In this article, we identify spatial-contextual analyses of the criminal legal system and summarize their contributions by organizing them by their three major approaches: those emphasizing crime, urban ecology, or social control. We describe challenges the subfield faces, including an overemphasis on large cities and an overcommitment to analyzing criminal justice institutions like police or prisons discretely, when they are often experienced cumulatively and simultaneously. We call for research that transcends received institutional divisions, generates recommendations for stakeholders at multiple scales, makes greater use of formal spatial modeling, and analyzes places across the urban-rural continuum.
L'autore intende dimostrare che il sistema giuridico romano e la raffinatezza dei percorsi concettuali ereditati da tale diritto possono essere utilizzati sia come poderosi strumenti di critica nei ...confronti del diritto contemporaneo e sia come mezzi di rinnovamento e miglioramento delle società attuali.
El presente artículo aborda el estudio de la cláusula de salvaguarda en los acuerdos de reorganización empresarial. Con base en el método de la investigación teórica, luego de la revisión de algunos ...ordenamientos jurídicos extranjeros sobre cláusulas abusivas, los autores identifican los aspectos que podrían llevar a que dicha cláusula pueda calificarse como abusiva.
Challenging the long-cherished notion of legal objectivity in the
United States, Carl Gutiérrez-Jones argues that Chicano history has
been consistently shaped by racially biased, combative legal
...interactions. Rethinking the Borderlands is an insightful
and provocative exploration of the ways Chicano and Chicana
artists, writers, musicians, and filmmakers engage this history in
order to resist the disenfranchising effects of legal institutions,
including the prison and the court. Gutiérrez-Jones examines the
process by which Chicanos have become associated with criminality
in both our legal institutions and our mainstream popular culture
and thereby offers a new way of understanding minority social
experience. Drawing on gender studies and psychoanalysis, as well
as critical legal and race studies, Gutiérrez-Jones's approach to
the law and legal discourse reveals the high stakes involved when
concepts of social justice are fought out in the home, in the
workplace and in the streets.
Institutional betrayal (IB) is well-documented among survivors of gender-based violence seeking help and/or reporting incidents of violence in various settings, including college campuses and health ...care settings. Two of the most common institutions from which survivors seek help are the criminal and civil legal systems; however, less is known about the experiences of IB among survivors interfacing with those systems. Previous studies exploring IB have implemented the Institutional Betrayal Questionnaire (IBQ) and its various adaptations, but this scale has not yet been analyzed in the criminal or civil legal context, nor has it been analyzed among racially marginalized survivors. This paper explores the potential for utilizing the IBQ-Health among a sample of 199 Black and Hispanic survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) who sought help from the criminal and/or civil legal system(s). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to explore the fit of the measure to the data. Results suggest that the measure as it has previously been used does not demonstrate strong reliability or fit with this population or institution. Possible explanations and future directions are explored, including support for developing and piloting a new measure to assess IB among Black and Hispanic survivors of interpersonal violence who are seeking help from criminal and civil legal institutions.
This study aimed to analyze the legal system and the attitude of judges to resolve intermarriage divorce cases. This study used a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach. ...The study results showed that the judge determines the legal system in intermarriage divorce cases by evaluating the link points and collecting facts to find a relationship between the case and the possible legal system used based on the principles of international civil law. The attitude of judges in efforts to resolve mixed marriage divorce cases should not necessarily apply to Indonesian law. Judges should pay attention to foreign national parties' personal and national legal status based on Article 16 Algemeene Bepalingen van Wetgeving Voor Nederlands Indie.
