In clear and concise words, this Handbook offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the European Convention and the European Court of Human Rights and its case-law. Numerous cross-references ...guide the reader through the various topics. Various summaries condense the different principles of the Court's case-law. With a Foreword by Judge Robert Spano, President of the European Court of Human Rights.
Although intersectionality is now recognized in the context of women’s health, men’s health, and gender and health, its full implications for research, policy, and practice have not yet been ...interrogated. This paper investigates, from an intersectionality perspective, the common struggles within each field to confront the complex interplay of factors that shape health inequities. Drawing on developments within intersectionality scholarship and various sources of research and policy evidence (including examples from the field of HIV/AIDS), the paper demonstrates the methodological feasibility of intersectionality and in particular, the wide-ranging benefits of de-centering gender through intersectional analyses.
► Implications of intersectionality have not been fully explored in the context of women’s health, men’s health and gender and health. ► Intersectionality unsettles the fundamental importance of gender (and sex). ► It raises important questions for scholars and researchers concerned with health inequities.
Fat is an important component of human milk and infant formula (IF), delivering half of the energy a baby needs. Nowadays, mostly vegetable fats are used in IFs; however, the use of bovine milk fat ...in formulas is currently increasing. Bovine milk fat contains a composition of fatty acids and lipid components different from those of vegetable fats. We have compared the lipid profile of human and bovine milk with infant formulas with different fat sources. Furthermore, current knowledge of how infant digestion, absorption, metabolic responses, gut immunity, microbiota and/or cognition is affected by dietary fat is reviewed. The possible opportunities and drawbacks of the application of bovine milk fat in infant nutrition are described. Future perspectives for the development of IF containing bovine milk fat and future research directions are highlighted.
The use of photovoice in men’s health promotion research has grown significantly over the past 15 years. Initially mobilized as an elixir for men’s talk about health practices and illness ...experiences, participant-produced photographs and accompanying narratives have grown significantly in reach, influence, and application. The current article highlights the gendered dimensions of photovoice in men’s health promotion research across three studies addressing (1) psychosocial prostate cancer care, (2) fathers’ tobacco reduction and smoking cessation, and (3) male suicidality. Insights drawn from the psychosocial prostate cancer care project emphasize the plurality of masculinities, and the implications for health promoters treating the common treatment side effect of erectile dysfunction. The relational nature of gender is central to the fathers’ tobacco reduction and smoking cessation work whereby the well-being of partners and children strongly influenced men’s behavior changes amid guiding adjustments to smoke-free policies. The male suicidality research highlights the unmuting powers of photovoice for making visible the interiority of men’s mental illness, and the destigmatizing potentials for sharing participants’ accompanying narratives. Evident across the three projects are the gendered dimensions of photovoice processes and products for advancing understandings of, and avenues toward, promoting the health of men and their families. After reflecting on these advances, we offer recommendations for future men’s health promotion photovoice work.
Men's Sheds ('Sheds') attract a diverse cohort of men and, as such, have been identified as spaces with the potential to engage marginalized subpopulations with more structured health promotion. ...'Sheds for Life' is a 10-week men's health initiative for Sheds in Ireland and the first structured health promotion initiative formally evaluated in Sheds. Cost is an important implementation outcome in the evaluation of Sheds for Life when operating in an environment where budgets are limited. Therefore, an economic evaluation is critical to highlight cost-effectiveness for decision makers who determine sustainability. This is the first study to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of health endeavors in Sheds. All costs from pre-implementation to maintenance phases were gathered, and questionnaires incorporating the SF-6D were administered to participants (
= 421) at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Then, utility scores were generated to determine quality-adjusted life years (QALYS). Results demonstrate that the intervention group experienced an average 3.3% gain in QALYS from baseline to 3 months and a further 2% gain from 3 months to 6 months at an estimated cost per QALY of €15,724. These findings highlight that Sheds for Life is a cost-effective initiative that effectively engages and enhances the well-being of Shed members.
Hombres, Salud sexual y salud reproductiva Díaz R, Diana Ibeth; Guerrero Parra, Nury Constanza; Robles Carreño, Martha Isabel ...
Revista Colombiana de Enfermería,
10/2020, Letnik:
19, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Se realizó una lectura crítica con perspectiva de género de la investigación reciente sobre hombres, salud sexual y salud reproductiva en América Latina, basada en una revisión de la literatura. ...Fueron sistematizados y analizados 55 estudios. Se halló que la masculinidad hegemónica sigue presente en las vivencias sexuales y reproductivas de los varones en la región, a pesar de observase el tránsito hacia nuevas masculinidades especialmente enlazado con la vivencia de la paternidad. Desde la adolescencia se observa la construcción de valores, ideas y prácticas anudadas a la naturalización de una sexualidad masculina ajena al cuidado de sí y de otros. Los estudios sobre infecciones de transmisión sexual y VIH-sida muestran que los estereotipos viriles llevan a no percibir el riesgo de infectarse. De igual modo, impiden a los hombres consultar ante la presencia de problemas que afectan la sexualidad. Los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva aparecen en los estudios como excluyentes de los hombres y poco preparados para atender a la población masculina en los diferentes momentos del curso de vida y en la amplitud de sus necesidades de salud, además de mostrar ser poco integrales en su abordaje y poco sensibles a la diversidad. Como los conocimientos sobre sexualidad no son suficientes para desarrollar actitudes de autocuidado y conciencia del cuidado de otros, los autores insisten en la importancia de impactar las construcciones sobre la masculinidad. Cuando están diseñados para responder a las necesidades de los hombres, con perspectiva de masculinidades, los programas logran ejercer cambios positivos.
Suicide has remained a leading cause of death among African American males, yet empirical investigations that focus on the experiences of this group are limited. Therefore, we aim to interrogate the ...impact of everyday discrimination as a risk factor for depressive symptoms and suicide ideation among African American men. Data were drawn from the African American male subsample of the National Survey of American Life (n = 1,271). Path analysis and tests for indirect effects were used to examine relationships between everyday discrimination, depressive symptoms, and suicide ideation. Three sources of everyday discrimination were examined (any everyday discrimination, race-based everyday discrimination, and other everyday discrimination). Study findings revealed that race-based everyday discrimination was the only type of discrimination that was significantly associated with both increased rates of depressive symptoms and suicide ideation. Further, the indirect effect from race-based everyday discrimination to suicide ideation via depressive symptoms was also statistically significant. Thus, the impact of daily encounters with discrimination extends beyond depressive symptoms and is related to higher rates of suicide ideation. Moreover, experiences with discrimination do not have to be overt to be harmful toward African American men's mental health. Culturally relevant suicide prevention interventions are needed to account for the role of discrimination in the lives of African American men.
•Food production has a large impact on environment.•The current set-up of food processes and processing chains is not optimal.•Improvement can occur through avoiding dilution and minimize ...drying.•Ingredient production should focus on functionality rather than purity.
This paper presents an overview of current production methods for food and food ingredients, and describes options for making healthier foods in a more sustainable manner. The current manner of producing food products has a large impact on the environment. Three main causes are responsible for inefficiencies in food production. Those are the increased use of products from animal origin, the inefficient use of food products once produced, resulting in waste generation, and the current set-up of food processes and processing chains. In this paper, we will summarize recent developments and sketch future scenarios for novel designs for food processes and process chains aimed at reduced environmental impact. Future processes can be improved through avoiding dilution and minimize drying, while ingredient production should focus on functionality rather than purity. As a consequence, ingredient production will be tailored for specific applications rather than for general use. The fractionation processes have to become smaller, more flexible and to be placed in the vicinity of the application. Focus on functionality allow the use of milder process conditions during fractionation leading to modern food products with less refined ingredients, which have potential to coincide with a healthier diet.
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