Working Paper No. 23504 Card’s (1990) study of the Mariel supply shock remains an important cornerstone of both the literature that measures the labor market impact of immigration, and of the ...“stylized fact” that immigration might not have much impact on the wage of workers in a receiving country. My recent reappraisal of the Mariel evidence (Borjas, 2017) revealed that the wage of low-skill workers in Miami declined substantially in the years after Mariel, and has already encouraged a number of re-reexaminations. Most recently, Clemens and Hunt (2017) argue that a data quirk in the CPS implies that wage trends in the sample of non-Hispanic prime-age men examined in my paper does not correctly represent what happened to wages in post-Mariel Miami. Specifically, there was a substantial increase in the black share of Miami’s low-skill workforce in the relevant period (particularly between the 1979 and 1980 survey years of the March CPS). Because African-American men earn less than white men, this increase in the black share would spuriously produce a drop in the average low-skill wage in Miami. This paper examines the robustness of the evidence presented in my original paper to statistical adjustments that control for the increasing number of black men in Miami’s low-skill workforce. The evidence consistently indicates that the race-adjusted low-skill wage in Miami fell significantly relative to the wage in other labor markets shortly after 1980 before fully recovering by 1990.
Structural hypotheses that link the relative advantage in certain ethnic enclaves to the structure of their economies are tested in a comparative analysis of the Cuban and black businesses in Miami. ...Findings suggest that the more advantaged community, the Cuban enclave, is characterized by highly interdependent industries, ones which are less dependent on majority industry; the less advantaged community, the black enclave, is characterized by weakly interdependent industries, ones which are more dependent on majority industry. In addition, hypotheses are suggested which link the structuring of enclave economies to traditional concerns with background cultural, historical, and situational influences. The usefulness of input-output analysis and the limitations of secondary data are discussed.
This paper traces the evolution of perceptions of social distance and discrimination by the host society among members of a recently arrived foreign minority. Determinants of these perceptions ...suggested by three alternative hypotheses in this area are reviewed and their effects compared empirically. The data come from a longitudinal study of adult male Cuban exiles interviewed at the time of arrival in the United States and again three and six years later. Results suggest a significant rise in perceptions of social distance and discrimination from low initial levels and a consistent association of such perceptions with variables suggested by the ethnic resilience perspective. In particular, findings from a series of logistic regressions converge with recent events in South Florida to demonstrate the significance of interethnic contact and competition in the development of ethnic awareness. Theoretical implications of these results and their bearing on the analysis of differences between labor immigrants and political refugees are discussed.
"After World War One, the South's once-flourishing agricultural system had collapsed, no match for boll weevils, floods, economic depression, mechanical cotton pickers, and the North's promise of ...more jobs, higher wages, and greater social freedom. As a result, well into the 1950s, hundreds of thousands of impoverished white Southerners went North. However, it was the Great Migration of African Americans that effected sweeping changes not just in the South but throughout the nation as they moved from the rural to the urban South as well as from the rural South to the urban North...Neither the urban experience of American self-taught artists nor the influence of the Great Migration has been sufficiently documented and interpreted...What comprises the personal, historical, and collective experience from which the perspective of a self-taught artist emerges?" (AMERICAN ART) This exploration of the Great Migration and its impact upon American folk art focuses on "four prominent southern black artists--Bill Traylor, James Hampton, Thornton Dial Sr., and Purvis Young."
El Millonario Next Door Palmaffy, Tyce
Policy review (Washington, D.C.),
07/1998
90
Magazine Article, Journal Article
Recenzirano
A penchant for risk-taking and a willingness to sacrifice and work hard in pursuit of a better life are typically strong among immigrants, and they help to explain why a vibrant entrepreneurial ...culture is developing within the Hispanic community. Hispanic Americans represent the US' fastest-growing pool of business owners.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
37.
Finding the Language to Teach Science Cavanagh, Sean
Education Week,
10/2008, Letnik:
28, Številka:
6
Journal Article, Magazine Article, Trade Publication Article
More than 400 educators in the Miami-Dade County, Florida, school system take part in a professional-development and curriculum program that attempts to build students' science knowledge while also ...helping them master English. Developed by researchers at the University of Miami, the Promoting Science among English Language Learners program (P-SELL) addresses a number of the crucial challenges facing elementary teachers in urban districts and other communities that have seen an influx of non-native English-speakers. Teachers of the early grades often admit to feeling lost in science, since many themselves have taken little college coursework in the subject. Their struggles are compounded when they are asked to explain that content, which is often doused in scientific jargon, to students with weak English skills. Teachers who take part in P-SELL receive training in content and classroom strategies for many major scientific topics, such as the water cycle, weather, force and motion, and electricity. They are encouraged to promote "inquiry" in their instruction--basically, having students acquire and obtain science knowledge through the processes used by scientists, rather than just through a textbook or lecture. The goal is to promote not only hands-on activities, but also "minds-on" tasks--those that force pupils to question and challenge one another's scientific assumptions and conclusions--a process that helps build English skills.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Since 1960, Miami, Fla, has been the major US center of Cuban exiles & their families, with a Hispanic community that has grown from 6% to 41% in the metropolitan area. The city has become a central ...point in the legal & illegal Latin American economy, including particularly the drug trade. As of 1980, Cuba released 10,000 individuals, many of them young, black, or with prison records; the eventual number of immigrants to the US, brought in by an illegal private boatlift, was 120,000. The unsponsored immigrants were housed in former military camps & similar facilities; one such facility, in downtown Miami, was a center of conflict. Since the closing of the camps, Fla has been left with 80,000 new Cuban residents, many of them disaffected both from the US & from former Cuban immigrants. 2 Illustrations. W. H. Stoddard.
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