Russia's Theatrical Past Jensen, Claudia R; Maier, Ingrid; Shamin, Stepan ...
06/2021
eBook, Book
In the 17th century, only Moscow's
elite had access to the magical, vibrant world of the
theater.
In Russia's Theatrical Past , Claudia Jensen, Ingrid
Maier, Stepan Shamin, and Daniel C. Waugh mine ...Russian and Western
archival sources to document the history of these productions as
they developed at the court of the Russian tsar. Using such sources
as European newspapers, diplomats' reports, foreign travel
accounts, witness accounts, and payment records, they also uncover
unique aspects of local culture and politics of the time. Focusing
on Northern European theatrical traditions, the authors explore the
concept of intertheater, which describes transmissions between
performing traditions, and reveal how the Muscovite court's
interest in theater and other musical entertainment was strongly
influenced by diplomatic contacts.
Russia's Theatrical Past , made possible by an
international research collaborative, offers fresh insight into how
and why Russians went to such great efforts to rapidly develop
court theater in the 17th century.
The Kasimovian Stage is a stage in the Pennsylvanian Subsystem, originally recognized in Russia. Its type area, despite the stage name (which is after the town of Kasimov in the Ryazan Region), is in ...the vicinity of the Voskresensk Region in the lower reaches of the Moscow River for the Krevyakian and Khamovnikian regional substages and the former village of Dorogomilovo (Moscow Region) for the Dorogomilovian Regional Substage. The stratotypes of the subdivisions of the Krevyakinian and Khamovnikian regional substages were established in the Voskresensk Region and no longer exist. The conodont assemblages of the Krevyakian and Khamovnikian and the lower part of the Dorogomilovian were studied in the neostratotype of the Kasimovian Stage (Afanasievo Section) and the Perkhurovo Reference Borehole drilled near the town of Voskresensk.
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The features of the lateral and vertical distribution of the total contents and concentrations of mobile (acetate-ammonium buffer extract at pH 4.8) forms of heavy metals and metalloids (HMMs) were ...studied in two heterogeneous soil-geochemical catenas in the industrial and park-recreational land-use zones of the city of Serpukhov (Moscow oblast). The total contents of V, Co, Ni, As, Mo, Sb, W, and Fe are characterized by the middle-accumulative type of lateral differentiation with maximum accumulation coefficients L of 2–2.4. Heavy metals and metalloids are accumulated at chemisorption, biogeochemical, and alkaline lateral geochemical barriers. Lateral differentiation of mobile forms of HMMs (L 0.1–7.4) in the catenas is more contrasting than that of the total HMMs (L 0.2–2.4). The change in redox conditions has the greatest effect on the contents of mobile HMMs. Therefore, maximum concentrations of mobile forms of Mn, Zn, Cu, and Cr in the park-recreational catena and of Fe and Mn in the industrial catena are confined to superaqual (floodplain) landscapes. The main types of the vertical (radial) distribution of the total HMMs for the park-recreational catena are (a) uniform (for V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Mo, Sb, and W) and (b) regressive, with a maximum in the lower horizon (Bi, Pb, As, and Ba). The industrial catena is characterized by the surface-accumulative distribution of the total Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb, Sb, and Bi. The contrast of the lateral and vertical distributions of HMMs increases by 1.3–2.2 times with an increase in the anthropogenic load.
The current (2015–2017, the period for which necessary datasets were available) changes in the annual flow of the Moskva River under the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors are ...considered. They are compared with the period of annual normal flow calculation. The anthropogenic impact on runoff is also estimated in comparison with the middle of the 19th century and with 1960s–1980s (the period of the greatest anthropogenic load on water resources). The contribution of urbanization, hydroengineering construction and water consumption to runoff changes is assessed. It is shown that the modern 1.6-fold increase in the Moskva River runoff as compared to the period of annual normal flow calculation (3170 × 10
6
m
3
) occurred mainly due to anthropogenic factors. The recent runoff increase has been accompanied by a more than two-fold decrease in total wastewater as compared to the end of the 1980s.
Morphology of the large palaeochannels over the entire periglacial belt of the Northern Hemisphere shows distinct evidence of high surface runoff at the Late Glacial time. Channel width and meander ...wavelength of 73 well-preserved fragments of large palaeochannels were measured in the Volga River basin (East European Plain). Palynological studies of palaeo-Moskva River alluvium make it possible to locate the climatic and hydrological region-analogues of the Late Glacial landscapes. These analogues allowed reconstruction of the former surface runoff of the Late Glacial rivers, as well as the total volume of flow to the Caspian Sea, using the transform functions. These reconstructions support the ‘climatic’ hypothesis of the Khvalyn transgression of the Caspian Sea and explain high water levels during this transgression without melt water inflow from the receding Scandinavian ice-sheet.
At the beginning of the 1920s Moscow was in the middle of a housing crisis: after the revolution the housing resources in Moscow have decreased, while the population has increased. The housing ...shortage has become the sign of decade and has been treated therefore in many satirical magazines by Sergei Garin, Mikhail Zoshchenko, Pantelejmon Romanov and other satirists. Mikhail Bulgakov, who went through this crisis himself, also belonged to these satirists. The present article deals with Bulgakovs feuilletons and stories which treat the housing question in Moscow. The analysis includes following stories and feuilletons: “Vospominanie”, “Stolitsa v bloknote”, “Ploshchad’ na kolesakh”, “Moskva 20-kh godov”, “Moskovskie stseny”, “Samogonnoe ozero”, “Nr. 13 — Dom Ėlpit-Rabkommuna”.
Soils of Bykovo lacustrine-like floodplain section have a complicated landuse history: alternation of meadows, suburban farming, cropland with partial land leveling and local drainage, now – 10 ...years-old layland. The effects of these events along with manifestations of fluvial pedogenesis were studied in thin sections. Well-known micromorphological features of alluvial soils have been confirmed, specific properties related to the position of soils in lacustrine-alluvial landscape have been revealed. Fluvial fabric elements are rather mitigated, since flooding of this section was weak and irregular; topsoils are similar in natural and post-arable soils and have no traces of agrogenic degradation. The layland regime contributes to soil regradation: higher pedality and pedofauna activity were recorded. Artificial drainage is recognized in thin sections by changes in iron (hydr)oxide pedofeatures vs. the natural gley soils, namely, iron segregations and nodules in the former soils (Fluvic Mollic Gleysols), and iron coatings, zones of complete bleaching alternating with strong impregnations in the latter. Soil on the terrace outlier was identified as a truncated texturally differentiated soil, which upper part was removed during leveling, then a new layer was placed on BT (argic) horizon: (Terric Anthrosol (Loamic, Gleyic, over buried Retisol)). Filled layers may contain blocky subangular peds of BT horizon, partially assimilated in the soil mass. These peds serve as micromorphological markers for reconstructing soil history owing to their easily recognizable particular properties: blocky subangular microstructure, speckled b-fabric, clay (hypo)coatings.
The article is concerned with the use of geophysical methods in engineering geological surveys on landslide-prone slopes. The article discusses research methods that allow to obtain the necessary ...parameters for computer simulation and based on this performing slope stability assessment. As examples the slopes within the historical natural-technical systems (HNTS) are considered as the sustainability issues are of particular importance for them.
•New probabilistic model yields statistical distribution of contaminant concentrations at catchment outlet.•Concentration distribution obeys lognormal law with seasonally specific parameters.•Model ...was tested on long-term hydrochemical and microbial data series.•Component distribution splits into several lognormal branches.•Transition between branches is phase transition between qualitatively different states of water.
A catchment-scale model based on the input–output budget of a solute is developed. The model describes stochastic dynamics of solute concentration in stream water considering fluctuations of water and solute inputs as a white noise. This stochastic dynamics generates a statistical ensemble with the probability density obeying a Fokker–Planck equation. Solving this equation yields a lognormal distribution with seasonally dependent parameters. This distribution law is tested on extensive data sets of river discharge and water composition indicators for the Moscow River at Rublevo including: 15-year daily data series for 7 hydrochemical indicators such as turbidity, color, permanganate oxidizability, total alkalinity, total iron, and pH values, as well as 10-year data series of different sampling frequencies for 6 microbial indicators such as total and thermotolerant coliforms, sulfite-reducing clostridia, total microbial count, coliphages, and fecal streptococci. The lognormal distribution law is confirmed with a different accuracy in all the cases. Most often this law is realized in the form of two lognormal branches corresponding to different seasonal phenomena. Transition between the branches occurs under the action of changing seasonal conditions and can be interpreted as a first-order phase transition between qualitatively different states of the water medium. It is shown that these transitions are accompanied by stepwise changes of entropy.
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