The nomenclatural types of the Linnaean names in the genus Zygophyllum (Zygophyllaceae) are discussed and revised. Lectotypes of Z. fulvum (≡ Roepera fulva), Z. morgsana (≡ R. morgsana), Z. ...sessilifolium (≡ R. sessilifolia) and Z. spinosum (≡ R. spinosa) are designated, and Z. simplex (≡ Tetraena simplex) is neotypified. Epitypes are designated for Z. coccineum and Z. spinosum due to ambiguity in the interpretation of their types. Linnaeus's original material of Z. aestuans and Z. nitraria could not be found, the application of the names appears uncertain, therefore they are treated as nomina ambigua. In addition, the typification of Decaisne's name Z. propinquum (≡ T. propinqua) is discussed, and a lectotype is designated.
The List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) was acquired in November 2019 by the DSMZ and was relaunched using an entirely new production system in February 2020. This article ...describes in detail the structure of the new site, navigation, page layout, search facilities and new features.
Prostaglandins are derived from arachidonic acid metabolism through cyclooxygenase activities. Among prostaglandins (PGs), prostacyclin (PGI
2
) and PGE
2
are strongly involved in the regulation of ...homeostasis and main physiologic functions. In addition, the synthesis of these two prostaglandins is significantly increased during inflammation. PGI
2
and PGE
2
exert their biologic actions by binding to their respective receptors, namely prostacyclin receptor (IP) and prostaglandin E
2
receptor (EP) 1–4, which belong to the family of G-protein–coupled receptors. IP and EP1–4 receptors are widely distributed in the body and thus play various physiologic and pathophysiologic roles. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in studies using pharmacological approaches, genetically modified animals, and genome-wide association studies regarding the roles of IP and EP1–4 receptors in the immune, cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, respiratory, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal systems. In particular, we highlight similarities and differences between human and rodents in terms of the specific roles of IP and EP1–4 receptors and their downstream signaling pathways, functions, and activities for each biologic system. We also highlight the potential novel therapeutic benefit of targeting IP and EP1–4 receptors in several diseases based on the scientific advances, animal models, and human studies.
A description of Chromelosporium ollare isolated from greenhouse cultures in Poland is given and the history of the nomenclature of this species presented.
A Földtani Közlöny 152/2. kötetében megjelent egy tartalmas tanulmány Hantken Miksa tudományos örökségéről (Görög et al. 2022), mely többek között összegyűjtötte az összes olyan taxonnevet, amit vagy ...Hantkenről neveztek el, vagy a jeles kutató tudományos névadói tevékenységével függ össze. Jelen írásommal az a célom, hogy kiegészítsem az említett cikket, és HANTKEN szerzőségével kapcsolatban néhány adatot tisztázzak. Mint az köztudott, a taxonnevek alkalmazhatóságát, érvényességét és a szerzőség kérdését a Zoológiai Nevezéktan Nemzetközi Kódexe (ICZN, magyarul ZNNK) tárgyalja. Az előbbi legújabb változata elérhető az interneten (www.iczn.org/ the-code/the-code-online); a magyar fordítás (ZNNK 1989) ugyan a kódex egy korábbi állapotát tükrözi, azonban az idevágó cikkelyek lényegében változatlan tartalmúak. Két kérdéskört tekintek át, az első egy eocén gastropodához (Turritella tokodensis), a második a bakonycsernyei jura ammoniteszekhez kapcsolódó nevezéktani problémákat tárgyalja.
Almost 20% of the Latin nouns (193/993) in Terminologia Histologica (TH), the international standard nomenclature for human histology and cytology, display linguistic problems, particularly in the ...areas of orthography, gender, and declension. Some anatomists have opposed efforts to restore the quality of the Latin nomenclature as pedantry, preferring to create or modify Latin words so that they resemble words in English and other modern languages. A Latin microanatomical nomenclature is vulnerable to the criticism of anachronism, so the requirement for the use of authentic Latin, including derivation of new words from Greek and Latin words rather than from modern languages, if possible, may be even greater than it is for the anatomical nomenclature. The most common problem identified here appears to have been caused by derivation of Latin nouns by addition of ‐us and ‐um second declension endings to English words. Many Latin nouns (128) in TH contain one of six morphemes that have been treated this way even though the original Greek words are either first declension masculine or third declension neuter nouns. Ironically, deriving Latin nouns directly from Greek morphemes often results in words that look more familiar to speakers of Romance and Germanic languages than those derived indirectly through modern languages (e.g., astrocyte, collagene, dendrita, lipochroma, osteoclasta and telomere instead of astrocytus, collagenum, dendritum, lipochromum, osteoclastus, and telomerus).
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