Objective
Compare maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA) using two different materials—anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) + autogenous bone (AB) (control group) vs. collagen‐stabilized ABBM (test ...group) in terms of complications, patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and volumetric analysis.
Materials and Methods
Sixty patients underwent sinus augmentation (30 control + 30 test group). Intra‐ and postoperative complications were recorded. PROMs measured the impact of grafting on daily activities, pain and morbidity. CT scans were used to measure graft volume, ridge height, material selection and degree of contact of graft‐to‐surrounding sinus walls. Dental implant placement parameters were also recorded.
Results
All complications were minor and did not prevent completion of the augmentation or subsequent implant placement. Schneiderian membrane perforation was the most frequently encountered complication. Both treatment groups reported moderate limitation in the 1st 48 hr post‐surgery but little or none by day 3 or 4. Jaw opening, chewing and bruising were significantly higher in the control group. The impact on work and social life was moderate initially but reduced to little or none by the 2nd day. Mild to moderate pain and interference to daily activities were reported for the first 3 days requiring the use of NSAIDs only. A mean graft volume of 1.46 cm3 (±0.77) was calculated in the control group and 1.27 cm3 (±0.65) in the test group. Extent of contact between graft and surrounding sinus walls had a significant impact on bone volume. Shorter (8 mm) implants were utilized more frequently in the test group, which was also more likely to require additional vertical augmentation, but this was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
MSA using a lateral wall approach is safe and associated with mild to moderate pain and restrictions to daily activities for 48–72 hr. Patients’ reports of morbidity were greater with autogenous bone harvesting. Collagen‐stabilized ABBM provides comparable bone volume to AB + ABBM that is sufficient for placement of implants of adequate size with no need for further vertical augmentation. Engaging the surrounding sinus walls had a significant positive impact on graft volume.
Objective
To histomorphometrically compare the use of collagen‐stabilized anorganic bovine bone (ABBM‐C) (test) to anorganic bovine bone + autogenous bone (ABBM + AB) (control) in maxillary sinus ...augmentation.
Materials and Methods
Forty (n = 40 sinuses) patients underwent sinus augmentation and received either control (20 sinuses) or test bone graft (20 sinuses). Bone samples were harvested from the augmented sinuses 5 months postgrafting. The samples were processed for histomorphometry, which assessed within the primary region of interest (ROI‐1), the area fraction of new bone (%NB), graft particle osseointegration (% OI), residual graft (%RG), and soft tissue components (% STM). The same analysis was also carried out in a second region of interest (ROI‐2) located in a zone 1 mm proximal to the previous maxillary sinus floor.
Results
In both ROI‐1 and ROI‐2, the mean % NB, %RG, and %STM in the control group were similar to mean values in the test group. The % OI was significantly greater in the control group (42.0 +/− 26.8) when compared to the test group (19.6 +/− 27.3) in ROI‐2 (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were seen when ROI‐1 and ROI‐2 were compared except for improved %OI in ROI‐2 in the control group. The mean proportion of lamellar bone to woven bone in the control group (1.22 ± 1.48) was significantly greater than the test group (0.38 ± 0.29) (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
ABBM‐C exhibited very similar histomorphometric parameters to the composite graft of ABBM + AB. The ABBM + AB group was more mature as indicated by the significantly greater proportion of lamellar bone when compared to the ABBM‐C. Improved % OI was seen in the zone proximal to the resident bony floor in the ABBM + AB group. Based on histological assessment, ABBM‐C is a suitable bone substitute for the purposes of maxillary sinus augmentation. Its clinical utility may be indicated in cases of sinus membrane perforation and insufficient autogenous bone in the local area.
Objective
Estimate changes in augmentation height and volume after lateral guided bone regeneration (GBR) augmentation with different ratios of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and ...particulate autogenous bone (PAB) and autogenous bone block (ABB), at different time points.
Material and methods
Twenty‐four minipigs were randomly allocated into three healing periods. Lateral augmentation in 96 sites with standardized quantity of graft material was performed with different ratios of DBBM and PAB (50:50, 75:25, and 100:0) and ABB in combination with DBBM, covered by a collagen membrane. Changes in augmentation height and volume were assessed on CT volumes acquired 10, 20, and 30 weeks after surgery.
Results
Reduction in bone augmentation height was as follows: 50:50–1.7 mm (−33.1%), 75:25–1.8 mm (−37.8%), 100:0–1.7 mm (−35.8%), and ABB ‐ 0.2 mm (−3.7%), after 30 weeks. The augmentation height was significantly better preserved with ABB compared to 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0, while no significant difference was present among particulate grafts. No significant difference in volumetric reduction was found among 50:50, 75:25, 100:0 and ABB after 30 weeks, while 100:0 presented significant less reduction compared to 50:50, 75:25 and ABB after 10 and 20 weeks.
Conclusions
Augmentation height following GBR was better preserved with ABB covered with DBBM. Addition of PAB to DBBM did not affect the changes in height of the graft. The volumetric stability seems to be comparable for ABB covered by DBBM and all particulate grafts after 30 weeks. However, DBBM alone revealed significant less volume reduction in the early healing phase.
Organosulfates (OSs) are an important component of secondary organic aerosols (SOA), accounting for ~30% of total organic aerosol. In this study, OSs in eastern China were investigated to understand ...their diurnal evolution, source, and volatility using high-resolution mass spectrometry. In polluted days, we identified a total of 5,147 organic molecules, including 1,206 OS molecules. The average molecular weight (m.w.) and carbon chain length of OSs in this study exceeded the commonly recognized range (500 Da). OSs were mostly composed of newly formed low oxidation state compounds as well as aged aliphatic and aromatic ones. The number and abundance of aromatic and aliphatic OSs with low saturation, volatility, O/Cw as well as H/Cw increased greatly with rising PM2.5 concentrations. The daytime photo-oxidation resulted in a large number of high m.w. (HMW, > 500 Da) OSs. OSs with m.w. <500 Da, and many oxygen atoms were newly generated during the nighttime, mainly dominated by liquid-phase oxidation processes. The result of OSs with higher m.w. and lower volatility was due to increased dimerization and oligomerization. During pollution formatting, OSs with small DBE values (between 0 and 6) appeared; meanwhile, the number of highly unsaturated OSs with DBE > 7 (mainly aromatic OSs) increased by about 34%. This study is useful for clarifying the secondary formation and properties of HMW OSs in a polluted environment in China.
•Diurnal variation of organosulfates were studied using FT-ICR MS in eastern China.•OSs were mainly composed of aliphatic and aromatic compounds.•Low-saturation and -volatility OSs increased greatly with arising PM2.5.•Daytime photo-oxidation resulted in a large number of high m.w. (HMW, > 500 Da) OSs.•High m.w. and lower volatility OSs was enhanced by dimerization and oligomerization.
We examine whether a firm’s intellectual property (IP) strategy in support of the open source software (OSS) community stimulates new OSS product entry by start-up software firms. In particular, we ...analyze the impact of strategic decisions taken by IBM around the mid-2000s, such as its announcement that it will not assert its patents against the OSS community and its creation of a patent commons. These decisions formed a coherent IP strategy in support of OSS. We find that IBM’s actions stimulated new OSS product introductions by entrepreneurial firms and that their impact is increasing in the cumulativeness of innovation in the market and the extent to which patent ownership in the market is concentrated.
Data, as supplemental material, are available at
http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2247
.
This paper was accepted by Lee Fleming, entrepreneurship and innovation
.
Bone grafts are typically categorized into four categories: autografts, allografts, xenografts, and synthetic alloplasts. While it was originally thought that all bone grafts should be slowly ...resorbed and replaced with native bone over time, accumulating evidence has in fact suggested that the use of nonresorbable xenografts is favored for certain clinical indications. Thus, many clinicians take advantage of the nonresorbable properties/features of xenografts for various clinical indications, such as contour augmentation, sinus grafting, and guided bone regeneration, which are often combined with allografts (e.g., human freeze‐dried bone allografts FDBAs and human demineralized freeze‐dried bone allografts DFDBAs). Thus, many clinicians have advocated different 50/50 or 70/30 ratios of allograft/xenograft combination approaches for various grafting procedures. Interestingly, many clinicians believe that one of the main reasons for the nonresorbability or low substitution rates of xenografts has to do with their foreign animal origin. Recent research has indicated that the sintering technique and heating conducted during their processing changes the dissolution rate of hydroxyapatite, leading to a state in which osteoclasts are no longer able to resorb (dissolve) the sintered bone. While many clinicians often combine nonresorbable xenografts with the bone‐inducing properties of allografts for a variety of bone augmentation procedures, clinicians are forced to use two separate products owing to their origins (the FDA/CE does not allow the mixture of allografts with xenografts within the same dish/bottle). This has led to significant progress in understanding the dissolution rates of xenografts at various sintering temperature changes, which has since led to the breakthrough development of nonresorbable bone allografts sintered at similar temperatures to nonresorbable xenografts. The advantage of the nonresorbable bone allograft is that they can now be combined with standard allografts to create a single mixture combining the advantages of both allografts and xenografts while allowing the purchase and use of a single product. This review article presents the concept with evidence derived from a 52‐week monkey study that demonstrated little to no resorption along with in vitro data supporting this novel technology as a “next‐generation” biomaterial with optimized bone grafting material properties.
Zhu-Ling decoction (ZLD), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is used for the treatment of chronic kidney diseases. However, the structure and activity of absorbed ...oligosaccharides (OSs) in ZLD are not clear. In this study, a novel strategy with in vivo characterization, extraction, isolation, activity evaluation was established and applied to identify absorbed anti-inflammatory OSs in ZLD. The results revealed that 30 OSs (22 reducing and 8 non-reducing OSs) and 11 OSs (7 reducing and 4 non-reducing OS) were characterized from ZLD in vitro and in vivo by using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS with PMP derivatization, respectively. Among them, a series of −1 → 3-β-D-Glcp-OSs were isolated and identified by HPLC-HILIC-UVD-ELSD, SPHPLC-HILIC-RID, monosaccharide composition, MS and 1D/2D-NMR spectroscopy, including laminaritriose, laminaritetraose, laminaripentaose, laminarihexaose, laminariheptaose, laminarioctaose and laminarinonaose. Moreover, the 4 non-reducing absorbed OSs were identified by comparison with reference standards, including sucrose, trehalose, raffinose and stachyose. Among them, laminaritriose, laminaritetraose and laminaripentaose significantly inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 levels in LPS-induced HK-2 cell and exerted significant anti-inflammatory effects via the NF-κB and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Together, our work provides a novel strategy for discovery of absorbed anti-inflammatory OSs and broadens new horizons for the discovery of in vivo pharmacodynamic substances in TCM formulas.
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•Despite major efforts in the management of PeCa aimed at improving staging and consequently providing more solid indications for OSS, there hasn't been a notable shift towards more conservative ...treatments.•Surgeries for advanced-stage tumors are still marked by high rates of complications potentially affect the sexual and psychosocial health of patients.•Mutations in SWI-SNF complex and inactivated JAK-STAT signaling enriched at relapse.•These issues may foster a tendency toward avoidance behaviors, contributing to a delayed clinical presentation of the disease as well as its treatment.
Penile cancer (PeCa) is a rare disease. HPV infection, smoking, phimosis, and lichen sclerosus represent well-known associated risk factors.
Primary aim of our study is to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of PeCa and to outline the adopted diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Secondary aim is to investigate risk factors associated with aggressive disease and to identify the complications arising from its surgical treatment.
We conducted a retrospective analysis using the PearlDiver™ Mariner database, from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2021, identifying all patients diagnosed with PeCa and PeIN, evaluating comorbidities, risk factors, and social and economic conditions. We evaluated the imaging modalities employed for staging as well as the treatment strategies. Finally, we evaluated the most frequent complications associated with inguinal lymphadenectomy (ILND).
During the study period, 17,494 patients were diagnosed with PeCa and 5,965 with penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN). US was the most frequently utilized imaging modality, followed by PET and PET/CT. Use of CT and MRI was around 5%. Surgical treatment was the predominant strategy, utilized in 31.3% of PeCa and 22.9% of PeIN. Wide Local Excision/Glansectomy emerged as the most common surgical procedures. MLR analysis identified smoking as a risk factor for metastatic PeCa (OR; 95% CI = 1.49; 1.379–1.609), HPV infections were associated with a 35% decrease in risk (OR; 95% CI = 0.65; 0.562–0.744) (all P < 0.001). Lichen sclerosus and phimosis were associated with a doubled risk of demolitive surgery. Approximately 40% of patients experienced complications associated with ILND.
Despite advances in PeCa management, there's no significant move toward more conservative treatments. Surgical treatments are still marked by high rates of complications, potentially affect the sexual and psychosocial health of patients. These issues may foster a tendency toward avoidance behaviors, contributing to a delayed clinical presentation and treatment.
Currently, governments offer a lot of assistance, some of those are assisting and training to UMK as of the Covid 19 pandemi impact. To obtain these facilities, UMK is required to have a Business ...Identification Number (NIB). This activity is carried out to answer the problems, and aims to introduce and improve the understanding of making NIB and IUMK. This activity was carried out in June 2021 for 11 UMK in Balecatur, Gamping. The method used was sosialization, training and mentoring. The implementation was including the delivery of theory and practice of business legalities making. The training result was the participants' understanding about OSS, NIB and IUMK increased. It could be seen from the average pre-test and post-test scores rose from 33 to 82. Now the number of participants who had business legality increased from 18% to 100%. By having NIB and IUMK, participants will get convenience in various things, such as financing, assisting and training from related parties.
Public service is one of the activities carried out to fulfill the need for services to the community or individuals. With the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus some time ago, it demands public service ...delivery to innovate so that public services can run well and optimally even in a situation of physical distancing. One of the innovations was utilizing technology or digital transformation in public services. The aim of this study is to analyze the role and influence of digital transformation in improving licensing services in Majene Regency through the use of the Online Single Submission (OSS) application and the SiCantik Cloud application. The method used in this study is explanatory research with analytical techniques using Gartner Analytic Ascendency. The results of this study indicate that the Regional Government of Majene Regency needs to take persuasive approaches to remove existing obstacles to the use of digitalization in licensing services, such as regulating the use of regional digital-based licensing services in a binding regulation, conducting thorough education for users of licensing services, conduct outreach regarding the importance of this digital-based licensing service and expand the reach of fixed broadband and mobile broadband networks in Majene Regency. These things can be done by involving the cooperation of related agencies such as the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services (DPMPTSP) and Communication, Information, Statistics and Coding Services (Dinas Kominfo) of Majene Regency.
