The article describes the Varazdin leaf from a Croatian Glagolitic Missal (FgVar2), a parchment fragment found in 1986 in the library of the Capuchin monastery in Varazdin. It was detached from the ...book with the call number IX c. 6. where it had been used as a precious book cover. This collection of Sunday sermons throughout the year, Dominicale concionum pastoralium. Das ift: Sontag Predigen Fur Die Seelforger auf das ganze Jahr (Salzburg 1705), is the work of the famous Capuchin preacher in the province of Zurich in the 17th century, Heribert von Salurn (the monastic name of Ch. A. Mayr), OFM Cap (1637-1700). The Second Varazdin fragment (FgVar2) is a very well preserved leaf from a Croatian Glagolitic Missal on the fine parchment, 35x25 cm, written in two columns, with 28 lines in each column (25x7.5-8 cm). It contains the Croatian Church Slavonic translation of the part from Proper of Seasons (Proprium de tempore) in the Roman Missal with liturgical texts for the Feast of Corpus Christi: a Sequence Laud, O Zion (Lauda Sion) (lines 15- 77, i.e. from the last line in the 5th stanza to the final line in the 75th stanza) which is not found even in the 5 missals from the south group, Gospel of John 6, 55-59, and parts of the mass: Credo, Offertorium, Secreta, Praefatio and Communio (1 Cor 11,26). The results of the content, palaeographic and philological analyses suggest that the fragment is from the late 14th or the beginning of the 15th century, as well as that it may belong to the north group of the Croatian Glagolitic missals. Whether it is possible to identify the scribe of the codex to which FgVar2 belonged -- is yet to be determined by a more precise analytical comparison with the Istrian codices of the Scribe Bartol from Krbava (PANTELIC 1964), and the newly-found Poljak's fragment of a Croatian Glagolitic Missal (SUDEC 2009). Adapted from the source document
Croatian philologist Vatroslav Jagic published quite a few critical editions of both the Old Church Slavonic written sources and the Croatian medieval literature. In his Historija knjizevnosti naroda ...hrvatskoga i srbskoga (1867) and Hrvatska glagolska knjizevnost (as an introduction to the Povijest hrvatske knjizevnosti by B. Vodnik, 1913) V. Jagic used the already investigated as well as the original texts, namely the literary sources which had not been published until then. He was aware that 'our oldest literature is far richer, and looks like a hidden treasure' and he was persistently trying to find new and unknown texts. He also made efforts in the comparative studies of the Croatian medieval literature. From the available Glagolitic, Cyrillic and Latinic sources Jagic published text transliterations strongly emphasizing their literary and textological values. In that way, he was the first who published and presented the Glagolitic (and to a lesser degree Cyrillic and Latinic) parts of the Croatian liturgical books, apocrypha, medieval novels, legends of saints and moral-didactic works. Some of Jagic's editions are still the primary textological sources in the research of the Croatian medieval literature, while others are the starting point for the modern critical editions even today. Adapted from the source document
Presented is a comprehensive survey of research conducted on Croatian Glagolitic manuscripts in the post-WWII period & the significant role played by the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences (Croatian ...Academy of Sciences since 1991), which sponsored the search, restoration, & publications of these manuscripts, is acknowledged. Discoveries of the most significant monuments of Glagolitic heritage & principal contributors are discussed & detailed information on complete & fragmentary manuscripts is provided. Analyses of the language & contents of the manuscripts are reported & a bibliography of publications on Croatian Glagolitic texts is compiled. Adapted from the source document
Pope Leon XIII's encyclical Grande Munus, in which Bishop Strossmayer played a role, confirmed the use of the Old Slavic language in church services. This encouraged the birth of a new Glagolitic ...spirit in Dalmatia & strengthened aspirations for the consolidation & the extension of Glagolitic church service. The restored Glagolitic service was to have been a firm bulwark of the Croatian nation against all kinds of foreign threats. The ruling circles in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy were sharply opposed to these tendencies because they saw in the movement for the restoration of Glagolitism manifestations of "Pan-Slavism" & "Great Croatian aspirations," ie, of the striving for cultural & political links among the Slavic peoples & demands for the unification of Croatian lands, which they could not accept. They therefore exerted constant & powerful pressure on the Holy Seat to forbid or totally restrict Glagolitic church services. The decisions of the Congregation of Ritual in Rome from 1892 & 1898, which restricted Glagolitic services, were the results of these pressures. Defending the right of the Croatian people to free & unrestricted use of the Old Slavic language in the church service, the clerical & political public as a whole arose against these decisions. "The questions of the Glagolitic language" became an all-Croatian question. Dalmatia played a pivotal role in this struggle because the defense of the Glagolitic language was, among other things, also a defense of Croatian Dalmatia against expansionist Italian politics. The decisions of the Congregation of Ritual were never implemented in Dalmatia. Adapted from the source document
Among the apocryphal visions of heaven, The Vision of St Paul the Apostle, also known as The Apocalypse of St Paul, stands out due to its scope and the picturesqueness of its fantastic scenes, in ...particular those of hell. This apocryphal text was translated from Greek into Old Church Slavic as early as the Ohrid-Preslav period. There exist several versions of the Serbian copy of The Vision of St Paul the Apostle. The complete version exists in two incomplete copies from the 15th century. Other Serbian copies contain a mixed version, encountered in the form of two subvariants, the longer and the shorter one. In addition to the above, there also exist two excerpts from this apocryphal document, mainly containing isolated scenes of the parting of the soul and the body. The Nikoljac Monastery copy No 52, which is the subject of this paper, belongs to the shorter mixed variant. It was written in the Serbian-Slavic language, characterised by the inconsistent use of the Resava orthography and a few features derived from the folk speech of the day. Adapted from the source document
Some documents confirm that the Croatian Church Slavonic Bible was in use but it has not been preserved. The Bible readings from the Glagolitic liturgical books are very important in the ...reconstruction of the biblical books and the whole Bible. The research results of the analytical bibliography of the biblical readings of the Kopenhagen Missal from the end of the 14th century, the Vatican Eighth Missal from 1435, and the Novi Missal from the 15th century are presented in a table in such a way that the biblical reference is connected with the leaf and column where it can be found in these sources. These results are compared to the already published biblical readings. Adapted from the source document
Earlier important works on translation into Croatian Church Slavonic (primarily written by Josip Vrana and Josip Leonard Tandaric), were based on the research conducted on the corpora formed with ...regard to the content of the text (e.g. evangelical texts, sequences, ritual texts). There were two main problems in the focus of those investigations. The first one was whether a particular translation is predominantly literal (ad verbum, verbum pro verbo) or sense-based (sensum de sensu), freely translated spots having a position of their own. The second issue was examination of the possible influence of Latin (biblical) text on the Croatian Church Slavonic translational texts. Also, the chosen works on the Cyril-Methodian theory of translation discussing Cyril-Methodian translational processes and attitude of the successors of the Saint Brothers towards Cyril-Methodian praxis of translation are considered. Author presents two of her own investigations of the translational patterns conducted on the basis of corpora consisting of lexicalizations of particular concepts (passions and humility). Within both corpora, translations from Greek and translations from Latin into Church Slavonic are distinguished. Based on those analyses, combined with Vrana's and Tandaric's results, it is concluded that there are three fields which should be taken into account when investigating translations into Croatian Church Slavonic. The first two are well-known: application of literal translation and sense-based translation; sociolinguistic influences to the translation (archaization, latinization, croatization). The third one has not been taken into consideration yet -- relations within the concepts which lexicalization was translated since it has been noticed that, at least in some cases, shifts within translational patterns differ with regard to the fact which concept is to be lexicalized. Adapted from the source document
Several Glagolitic fragments on parchment which have served as covers to books printed during the XVIth and XVIIth century were discovered in Pazin (Istria, Croatia) in the Franciscan monastery which ...belongs to St. Jerome's Franciscan Province in Zadar (Provincia Franciscana s. Hieronymi). The author has found out that some of them belong to the famous Pazin fragments kept in the Archives of the Croatian Academy of Sciencies and Arts (call no. Fragm. glag. 90) dated at the beginning of the XIVth century. In this article, the author presents the results of her study of the newly found Pazin fragments and shows that they, as well as the already known ones, were also removed from the book covers, some have eaten wormholes, some are smeared with red or green, in some parts they are illegible. They are written in two columns by 27 rows. Paleography and language of the newly found fragments coincide with the paleography and language of the already known Pazin fragments. They contain parts of the Gospel according to Nicodemus (parts of the chapters I-V and IX in the Tischendorf's division), part of the Church Slavonic Passion of St. Anastasia of Sirmium (Sirmi Anastasia) and part of the popular apocrypha of the Apostle Andrew and Mathew among the cannibals (Acts of Andrew and Matthew in the city of cannibals, parts of chapters XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX and XXI). The author presents these texts in the Latin transliteration. The unreadable parts of the Gospel according to Nicodemus are reconstructed in brackets from the Nicodemus' Gospel published by Vaillant in 1968. Discovery of more Pazin fragments reinforces the hypothesis put forward by Stefanic, who had described the previously known Pazin fragments. that they belong to an apocryphal-legendary miscellany, because in the newly found Pazin fragments another legend (Passion of St. Anastasia) and another apocrypha (Acts of Andrew and Matthew in the city of cannibals) are recorded. The newly discovered Glagolitic fragments also support the Stefanic's hypothesis that the Pazin fragments, compared with the corresponding texts in other, especially Cyrillic manuscripts, point to their 'very old templates, which are certainly linked to the Old Slavic and perhaps even the Moravian period.' The discovery of the Church Slavonic Glagolitic text of the legend about St. Anastasia, though very defective and damaged, can help to clarify issues of the original Slavic translation of that legend whose new critical edition is being prepared in Prague. Adapted from the source document
Some interesting errors & rare & unusual forms in Croatian Glagolitic codices are analyzed. The form utroenie duse (for Latin afflictio animi) is explained by the substitution of the Glagolitic ...letters u & o in the protograph utruenie duse. There are two interesting examples of omission of negation, which cause the sentence to have the opposite meaning. The origin of the form niem(soft yer) k(soft yer)zdo is an incorrect interpretation of the Church Slavonic niedin(soft yer) k(soft yer)zdo, while the genitive form crtago originated in the substitution of the ending -oga, which the scribe mistakenly took as the Croatian adjectival ending, with the Church Slavonic ending -ago. In two cases, the departure of the Church Slavonic text from the Latin protograph is the result of the substitution of Latin words. The substitution of the noun calamitas with the verb clamare (probably in the second person singular present) gave the text semrt(soft yer) bludom(soft yer) zovesi instead of the expected semrt(soft yer), blud(soft yer), paguba. The substitutions of the nouns generatio & veneratio causes the appearance of the word cast(soft yer) instead of rozdenie. Then the author draws attention to three rare words: the adverb vred(soft yer) and nouns svedr(soft yer) and oskr(soft yer)d(soft yer). A syntactically interesting example of the repetition of the object is also described. 22 References. Adapted from the source document
