We study combinatorial games under restricted misère play, where the equality relation is weakened so that games can be equal modulo a subset of games even if they are not in full misère. In a ...dead-ending rule set (e.g., Domineering, Hackenbush), if a player has no move now, then they will never again have a move. Since no nonzero positions are invertible in full misère play, and few are invertible even in restricted play, an important open problem in restricted play is to classify the invertible positions. Modulo dead-ending games, it has been shown that all ends (at least one player cannot move) are invertible, some non-ends are invertible, and that many positions, such as ⁎, are not invertible; however, a complete classification has been an open problem since 2013. We solve this by proving that a game is invertible modulo dead-ending if and only if it is ‘P-free’ — i.e., if neither the game nor any of its followers are previous-win.
Çağdaş demokrasilerin kalitesi, halkın iradesini özgürce temsil organlarına yansıtabilmeleri ve seçim hukukunun da demokrasinin evrensel değerlerine dayanması ile mümkün olabilir. Kuşkusuz ki güçlü ...ve nitelikli bir demokratik rejimin oluşturulmasında genel, eşit ve gizli oy prensipleri, özgür seçimler ve siyasi partilerin ya da adayların eşit şartlarda yarışabildiği sistemler elzemdir. Günümüz çağdaş demokrasileri, bahsi geçen ilkeleri uyguluyormuş gibi görünüp bazı durumlarda sistem içinde hilelere müsaade edebilmektedir. Demokrasinin niteliksizleşmesine neden olan bu uygulamalardan bir tanesi gerrymandering’tir. Gerrymandering, siyasal iktidarın ya da belirli bir zümrenin lehine olacak şekilde seçim çevresinde düzenleme yapılmasını ifade etmektedir. Gerrymandering yöntemiyle siyasal iktidarda bulunan parti kendi oylarını artırmak ya da rakip oyları düşürmek için seçim çevresiyle oynamaktadır. Türkiye’de örneklerine daha çok Demokrat Parti döneminde rastladığımız gerrymandering uygulamalarına, bu çalışma özelinde 6360 Sayılı Kanun da örnek olarak gösterilecektir. Çalışmada, 6360 Sayılı Kanun’un getirdiği partizan gerrymandering uygulamasının Ak Parti lehine sonuçlar verdiği ve temsilde adaletsiz sonuçlar doğurduğu hipotezleri savunulmuştur.
How have newspapers covered Covid-19 in Asia? To answer this question, I studied East Asian English-language newspapers published between January and July 2020. First, I measured the level of news ...media attention on Covid-19 among all reports. Second, I analyzed the tone and content of 330 editorials. I divided the analysis into two time periods: the initial crisis breakout period, when the number of infections was rising or high, and the crisis abatement period, when new infections declined to manageable levels. Findings show that although newspapers were slow to begin addressing the pandemic, their early editorials carried an alarming tone, which continued even after new infections dropped to low levels. This surprising level of concern continued because the topics shifted from health concerns to more ideological goals. Chinese and Taiwanese editors politicized the pandemic, using it as a wedge issue to attack international adversaries. Meanwhile, Korean editors used the economic fallout of the pandemic to press the government for pro-business economic reforms. In contrast, editors in Hong Kong exhibited cautious neutrality, largely avoiding politicization of the pandemic. These patterns of editorial coverage reveal the partizan nature of the press in East Asia, as well as salient political and economic undercurrents.
Since the creation of football fan groups, music and fan practices have been inseparably linked everywhere in the world. This paper will highlight the importance of punk music and other content that ...personify this specific urban subculture for a particular group of Gravediggers, respectively fans of JSD Partizan. The research was inspired by the appearance of punk rock band Grupa JNA (JNA Group), whose music is solely dedicated to Partizan and Gravediggers, but also to the already developed tradition of fanzine making and graffiti drawing that has flourished over the past few years, thanks primarily to the multimedia group Grobarski Trash Romanticism. We will try to find an answer to how punk as an idea and practice fits into the abstract idea of Partizan as something that so tightly connects a large number of individuals and again among them evokes an unfamiliar “sublime emotion”, unknown to non-fans.
N -player partizan games Cincotti, Alessandro
Theoretical computer science,
07/2010, Letnik:
411, Številka:
34
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Conway’s theory of partizan games is both a theory of games and a theory of numbers. An extension of this theory to classify partizan games with an arbitrary finite number of players is presented.
The development of intelligence and security structures in Yugoslavia in World War II was done in extremely complex political and security conditions. After the April war and signing the surrender on ...April 17, 1941, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia continued to operate within the royal government which was in exile. After the occupation, Yugoslavia was torn apart by the German and Italian forces and their allies and quislings. The territory of the country was torn into two different spheres of interest - German and Italian, as well as four areas of occupation: German, Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian. This went on until Italy surrendered in 1943. The members of the Croatian Ustaša movement announced the forming of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), which initially included the territories of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and from October 1941, the territory of Srem with the city of Zemun. This paper looks at the work of intelligence and security institutions on the territory of the occupied state at the time, with a special reflection on the development of the safety organs of the partizan movement.
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