Between May and October of 1917, three young shepherds were reportedly visited six times by an apparition of the Virgin Mary near the town of Fátima in Portugal. At the final apparition event, ...approximately 70,000 visitors gathered to witness a prophesied miracle intended to convince the public that the children's visions were of divine origin. The miracle took the form of a solar anomaly; witnesses claimed that the sun began to "dance." Exploring the early development of the cult of the Virgin of Fátima and the overthrow of the liberal, secular government by pro-Catholic elements, Jeffrey Bennett offers the first book-length scholarly study of the cult's relationship to the rise of authoritarian politics in Portugal.When the Sun Dancedoffers a fascinating look at the cultural dynamics that informed one of the most turbulent periods in the nation's history.
Remaking Islam in African Portugal highlights what being Muslim means in urban Europe and how Guinean migrants' relationships to their ritual practices must change as they remake themselves and their ...religion.
For more than four centuries, Macau was the centre of Portuguese trade and culture on the South China Coast. Until the founding of Hong Kong and the opening of other ports in the 1840s, it was also ...the main gateway to China for independent British merchants and their only place of permanent residence. Drawing extensively on Portuguese as well as British sources, The British Presence in Macau traces Anglo-Portuguese relations in South China from the first arrival of English trading ships in the 1630s to the establishment of factories at Canton, the beginnings of the opium trade, and the Macartney Embassy of 1793. The British and Portuguese—longstanding allies in the West—pursued more complex relations in the East, as trading interests clashed under a Chinese imperial system and as the British increasingly asserted their power as “a community in search of a colony”.
The effects of fire in the landscape are commonly assessed through the evaluation of ash properties. Among other properties, colour is one of the methods more frequently used. However, little is ...known about the effect of fire severity on ash chemical and extractable elements. Ash is an important source of nutrients in terms of landscape recovery after fire. In this study we analysed the effects of fire severity (estimated using ash colour) on ash chemical properties, CaCO3, pH, Total Carbon (TC), Total Nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio and some ash water-extractable elements, such as Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Total Phosphorous (TP), Total Sulphur (TS) and Silica (Si) collected in Portugal (N=102) after three wildfires that occurred in the same ecosystem, composed mainly of maritime pine, Pinus pinaster, and cork oak, Quercus suber. The results showed significant statistical differences among ash colour at a p<0.05 for ash water-extractable K and Si, at a p<0.01 for ash water-extractable Ca, Mg, Na and TS, and the major differences were observed (at a p<0.001) for ash CaCO3, pH, TC, TN, C/N ratio and water-extractable TP. Ash CaCO3, pH and water-extractable TS increased with fire severity and ash TC, TN, C/N ratio and water-extractable TP showed a decrease. In the remaining elements, no trend is identified. Major concentrations of ash TC, TN, C/N ratio and water-extractable Ca, Mg and K were identified in very dark brown and black ash. CaCO3, pH and water-extractable TS were identified in higher quantities in light grey ash. These findings show that fire severity is an important determinant of the type and amount of water-extractable nutrients present in ash that later can be incorporated into the soil and become available for plant growth.
In this dramatic story of the making and unmaking of Portugal's agrarian reform, Nancy Bermeo probes the origins and effects of the workers' actions.
Originally published in 1986.
ThePrinceton Legacy ...Libraryuses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
The analysis of Albian dinoflagellate cysts, or dinocysts, along an inshore–offshore transect across the Iberian Margin reveals the environmental influence on the assemblages composition. Two ...biodiversity metrics are used to analyze changes in the assemblage structure. The stress associated to environmental instability is identified as the main factor influencing the dinocyst biodiversity. The relative frequency distribution of dinocysts is analyzed to identify associations of taxa sharing similar environmental preferences. Seven dinocyst associations are identified. The environmental affinities of the seven dinocyst associations are inferred from lithological data and assemblage structure. Association 1 dominated the most proximal and unstable environments. Associations 2 and 3 characterized inner-middle neritic environments. Taxa in the Association 2 preferred stable mesotrophic conditions, whereas, taxa in the Association 3 were tolerant to variations in salinity and nutrient input. Associations 4 and 5 are indicative of open marine distal environments. Taxa in the Association 4 were tolerant to limited environmental fluctuations. Taxa in the Association 5 were restricted to stable open marine conditions. The widespread distribution of taxa in the Association 6 is interpreted as revealing their ubiquitous character. The taxon in the Association 7 is considered as cosmopolitan because its widespread distribution was conditioned to nutrients availability.
•Onshore–offshore biodiversity patterns are recognized in Cretaceous dinocysts.•Environmental instability triggers dinocyst biodiversity patterns.•Seven dinocyst associations indicative of environmental settings are defined.•Development of a statistical approach to environmental preference of fossil taxa.
This book sheds light on the integration processes and identity patterns of Angolan, Brazilian and Eastern European communities in Portugal. It examines the privileged position that immigrant ...organisations hold as interlocutors between the communities they represent and various social service mechanisms operating at national and local levels. Through the collection of ethnographic data and the realisation of 110 interviews with community insiders and middlemen, culled over a year's time, João Sardinha provides insight into how the three groups are perceived by their respective associations and representatives. Following up on the rich data is a discussion of strategies of coping with integration and identity in the host society and reflections on Portuguese social and community services and institutions.
João Sardinha analyseert de integratieprocessen en identiteitspatronen van de Angolese, Braziliaanse en Oost-Europese gemeenschappen in Portugal, gezien vanuit deze bevolkingsgroepen. Door gebruik te maken van interviews en etnografisch onderzoek in Portugal komt dit onderzoek tot een typologie van deze drie groepen. Hierna volgt een analyse van het omgaan met de integratie- en identiteitsproblematiek in Portugal. Ten slotte wordt er een overzicht gegeven van acht verschillende Portugese sociale en gemeenschapsdiensten en -instellingen.
An exploration of headhunting and the collection of heads for European museums in the context of colonial wars, from the 1870s to the 1930s. The book offers a new understanding of the mutually ...dependent interaction between indigenous peoples and colonial powers, and how collected remains became regarded as objects of wider significance.
This book argues that liberalism in Portugal was an urban phenomenon involving a very small minority of the people, and points to a variety of reasons for this.
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