The use of dedicated magnetic resonance simulation (MR‐SIM) platforms in Radiation Oncology has expanded rapidly, introducing new equipment and functionality with the overall goal of improving the ...accuracy of radiation treatment planning. However, this emerging technology presents a new set of challenges that need to be addressed for safe and effective MR‐SIM implementation. The major objectives of this report are to provide recommendations for commercially available MR simulators, including initial equipment selection, siting, acceptance testing, quality assurance, optimization of dedicated radiation therapy specific MR‐SIM workflows, patient‐specific considerations, safety, and staffing. Major contributions include guidance on motion and distortion management as well as MRI coil configurations to accommodate patients immobilized in the treatment position. Examples of optimized protocols and checklists for QA programs are provided. While the recommendations provided here are minimum requirements, emerging areas and unmet needs are also highlighted for future development.
The Subcarrier Index Modulation OFDM (SIM–OFDM) appeared in 2009 promising a –3 dB transmitted power reduction without affecting the system performance. Therefore, it became an attractive choice to ...upgrade the communication systems with researchers’ increasing interest. Despite the research efforts in SIM–OFDM field, there was no in-depth investigation for such transmitted power reduction or the system’s performance. The claimed power reduction relies on probabilistic assumptions that were not validated considering system operation concepts. This paper provides a new analytical model that characterizes the actual SIM–OFDM behavior. The contribution of this model is the inclusion of the majority condition in the derivation of 1’s pmf which modifies the 1’s pmf into a complex nonlinear function that is always higher than 1/2. The new pmf effect upon the power reduction, synchronization, and the overall Bit Error Rate (BER) is investigated. The new analytical model shows that the –3 dB power reduction cannot be achieved. Also, no successful synchronization can be established unless extra subcarrier is added that will create a frame like communication system. Such scheme increases BER if the carrier is falsely detected creating a Frame Error Rate (FER) which might lead to serious problem.
Structured Illumination Microscopy (SIM) is widely recognized as a precise and stable technique for three-dimensional inspection. However, efficiently achieving precise results still poses a ...challenge to be addressed. This research paper presents significant advancements aimed at enhancing the precision and efficiency of the SIM system. We leverage the defocus sensitivity of binary fringes, which yields more accurate height mapping, reducing the error by an outstanding 5% to 20%. Additionally, we introduce a novel technique called sampling Moiré (SM) for modulation decoding from a single shot, resulting in a reduction of camera exposure time by (N−1)/N compared to the N-step phase shift technique and a minimum 20% reduction in error compared to the Fourier transform (FT). These advancements elevate the system's precision and increase efficiency, making SIM an even more powerful tool for high-quality three-dimensional (3D)inspections.
•The accuracy and speed of structured illumination microscopy have been significantly improved.•Binary encoding is applied to improve the accuracy of extracting modulation peak positions.•An efficient and robust technique called sampling Moiré (SM) is introduced for modulation decoding to minimize exposure time.
The advanced developments of supercapacitors are of great significance to meet the growing demands of portable electronic products. The current work describes the supercapacitive behavior of copper ...oxide nanoparticles recovered from waste SIM cards via one-pot green recovery route. The as-recovered copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were characterized by spectral and analytical tools. In view of the potentiality of CuO in wide technological applications, the recovered CuO NPs were examined for their supercapacitive behavior. Typical pseudocapacitive behavior was noticed for the recovered CuO NPs with the specific capacitance of 542 Fg-1 at the current density of 1 Ag-1 by Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) studies. The cyclic stability of CuO electrode material was obtained with 95.3% retention in specific capacitance even after 5000 GCD cycles. Moreover, Electrochemical impedance spectral (EIS) analysis revealed lower Equivalent series resistance (ESR) value, excellent rate and good reversibility response of CuO electrode. The prominent electrochemical properties of CuO NPs electrode proved its viable applicability for high performance supercapacitors.
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•Recovery of CuO NPs from waste SIM card via simple wet chemical route.•As-recovered CuO NPs showed cauliflower like morphology.•Fabrication of the recovered CuO NPs as electrode material for supercapacitors.•CuO NPs showed pseudocapacitive behaviour.•CuO NPs exhibited a high specific capacitance of 542 Fg−1 at 1 Ag-1 with 5000 GCD cycling stability.
In eukaryotic cells, organelles and the cytoskeleton undergo highly dynamic yet organized interactions capable of orchestrating complex cellular functions. Visualizing these interactions requires ...noninvasive, long-duration imaging of the intracellular environment at high spatiotemporal resolution and low background. To achieve these normally opposing goals, we developed grazing incidence structured illumination microscopy (GI-SIM) that is capable of imaging dynamic events near the basal cell cortex at 97-nm resolution and 266 frames/s over thousands of time points. We employed multi-color GI-SIM to characterize the fast dynamic interactions of diverse organelles and the cytoskeleton, shedding new light on the complex behaviors of these structures. Precise measurements of microtubule growth or shrinkage events helped distinguish among models of microtubule dynamic instability. Analysis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) interactions with other organelles or microtubules uncovered new ER remodeling mechanisms, such as hitchhiking of the ER on motile organelles. Finally, ER-mitochondria contact sites were found to promote both mitochondrial fission and fusion.
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•Super-resolution live-cell imaging up to 266 fps at 97-nm resolution•Hitchhiking interactions among organelles remodel ER and mitochondrial networks•ER-mitochondrion contacts promote coalescence of mitochondrial membranes•Collision of late endosomes or lysosomes carried along microtubules split ER tubules
A new approach for visualizing dynamic processes within cells offers insight into membrane-membrane contact interactions and microtubule function.
A novel floating wave energy converter (BFWEC) with multiple ‘bean shape’ floats and a hydraulic power-take-off system (HPTO) is presented. The overall setup consists of a central buoy (C·B.) ...connected to a set of floats around it using a lever arm and is position restrained using a taut-mooring system. Three configurations of BFWEC are proposed with four, six, and eight number of floats. A detailed numerical analysis is carried out by modeling the device in a time-domain using an open-source code: WEC-Sim (Wave Energy Converter Simulator), assuming potential wave theory (PWT). By incorporating HPTO to all the three configurations, simulations are performed in monochromatic waves. Appropriate parameters of HPTO components for each configuration are estimated for the maximum capture width of BFWEC. The effect of the HPTO damping coefficient in maximizing the output of BFWEC is also assessed. Despite the dimensions of BFWEC tailored to the shallow-intermediate Indian waters, the device is simulated with extreme wave characteristics to test its conversion characteristics under the wave conditions away from the resonance.
•Three novel ‘bean shape’ multi-body floating WEC configurations have been proposed.•A hydraulic PTO is customized using WEC-Sim and PTO-Sim to suite the BFWEC.•Optimal PTO parameters have been found for all BFWEC configurations.•The CWR has increased with the increase in the number of floats in the BFWEC.•The CWR and PTA are inversely related to H and both reduce as T is increased.
We describe a multiphoton (mP)-structured illumination microscopy (SIM) technique, which demonstrates substantial improvement in image resolution compared with linear SIM due to the nonlinear ...response of fluorescence. This nonlinear response is caused by the effect of nonsinusoidal structured illumination created by scanning a sinusoidally modulated illumination to excite an mP fluorescence signal. The harmonics of the structured fluorescence illumination are utilised to improve resolution. We present an mP-SIM theory for reconstructing the super-resolution image of the system. Theoretically, the resolution of our mP-SIM is unlimited if all the high-order harmonics of the nonlinear response of fluorescence are considered. Experimentally, we demonstrate an 86 nm lateral resolution for two-photon (2P)-SIM and a 72 nm lateral resolution for second-harmonic-generation (SHG)-SIM. We further demonstrate their application by imaging cells stained with F-actin and collagen fibres in mouse-tail tendon. Our method can be directly used in commercial mP microscopes and requires no specific fluorophores or high-intensity laser.
Gas phase emission samples of carbonyl compounds (CCs) were collected from a research ship diesel engine at Rostock University, Germany. The ship engine was operated using two different types of ...fuels, heavy fuel oil (HFO) and diesel fuel (DF). Sampling of CCs was performed from diluted exhaust using cartridges and impingers. Both sampling methods involved the derivatization of CCs with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The CCs-hydrazone derivatives were analyzed by two analytical techniques: High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector (HPLC–DAD) and Gas Chromatography–Selective Ion Monitoring–Mass Spectrometry (GC–SIM–MS). Analysis of DNPH cartridges by GC–SIM–MS method has resulted in the identification of 19 CCs in both fuel operations. These CCs include ten aliphatic aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, isobutanal, butanal, isopentanal, pentanal, hexanal, octanal, nonanal), three unsaturated aldehydes (acrolein, methacrolein, crotonaldehyde), three aromatic aldehyde (benzaldehyde, p-tolualdehyde, m,o-molualdehyde), two ketones (acetone, butanone) and one heterocyclic aldehyde (furfural). In general, all CCs under investigation were detected with higher emission factors in HFO than DF. The total carbonyl emission factor was determined and found to be 6700 and 2300 μg kWh−1 for the operation with HFO and DF respectively. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were found to be the dominant carbonyls in the gas phase of ship engine emission. Formaldehyde emissions factor varied from 3870 μg kWh−1 in HFO operation to 1540 μg kWh−1 in DF operation, which is 4–30 times higher than those of other carbonyls. Emission profile contribution of CCs showed also a different pattern between HFO and DF operation. The contribution of formaldehyde was found to be 58% of the emission profile of HFO and about 67% of the emission profile of DF. Acetaldehyde showed opposite behavior with higher contribution of 16% in HFO compared to 11% for DF. Heavier carbonyls (more than two carbon atoms) showed also more contribution in the emission profile of the HFO fuel (26%) than in DF (22%).
In order to function in unstructured environments, robots need the ability to recognize unseen objects. We take a step in this direction by tackling the problem of segmenting unseen object instances ...in tabletop environments. However, the type of large-scale real-world dataset required for this task typically does not exist for most robotic settings, which motivates the use of synthetic data. Our proposed method, unseen object instance segmentation (UOIS)-Net, separately leverages synthetic RGB and synthetic depth for unseen object instance segmentation. UOIS-Net is composed of two stages: first, it operates only on depth to produce object instance center votes in 2D or 3D and assembles them into rough initial masks. Second, these initial masks are refined using RGB. Surprisingly, our framework is able to learn from synthetic RGB-D data where the RGB is nonphotorealistic. To train our method, we introduce a large-scale synthetic dataset of random objects on tabletops. We show that our method can produce sharp and accurate segmentation masks, outperforming state-of-the-art methods on unseen object instance segmentation. We also show that our method can segment unseen objects for robot grasping.
SIM Masuk Desa (SIMMADE) merupakan sebuah inovasi pelayanan publik yang dikeluarkan oleh Kepolisian Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta melalui Kepolisian Resor Bantul pada bulan September 2020. Dengan ...adanya inovasi pelayanan publik melalui SIMMADE diharapkan mampu memperluas jangkauan penerbitan SIM serta memecah kerumunan yang terjadi pada SatPas Polres Bantul. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan guna melihat pengaruh fasilitas, transparansi, partisipasi, dan sumber daya manusia terhadap efektivitas pelaksanaan SIMMADE (SIM Masuk Desa) di Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain metode penelitian kuantitatif dan juga dengan metode penelitian kualitatif berupa wawancara serta dokumentasi sebagai data penunjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pelaksanaan SIMMADE atau variabel (X) terdiri dari fasilitas, transparansi, partisipasi dan sumber daya manusia yang memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel (Y) efektivitas pelaksanaan SIMMADE. Untuk melihat lebih jauh terhadap besarnya pengaruh variabel (X) terhadap variabel (Y) dapat dilihat dari hasil path koefisien. Hasil path coefficient menunjukkan hasil sebesar 0.753 yang berarti bahwa hasil path coefficient memiliki tingkat pengaruh yang baik dan kuat. Selain itu hasil statistik deskriptif terhadap efektivitas pelaksanaan SIMMADE terletak pada interval penilaian 4.24-5.00 yaitu 4.44 yang memiliki penilaian sangat baik.
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