Cultural events feature prominently in the economic strategies of many cities. However, culture is open to interpretation and cultural expression can be problematic. This paper examines Saint ...Patrick’s Day celebrations in Belfast and how this event has been the victim of a bitter ‘cultural war’. Efforts to reframe the event and make it inclusive have had limited success. Like many other post-conflict countries, culture in Northern Ireland is tied to group identity and cultural expression is bound up with the battle for political legitimacy and state sovereignty. This battle for ownership and cultural supremacy has meant that Belfast has been unable to cash in on its authentic links to Saint Patrick. This is unlikely to change because, despite COVID-19 and the prominence given to event tourism in Belfast’s new culture strategy, the zero-sum character of the cultural war in Northern Ireland would suggest group identity will continue to trump the economic argument.
Cultural events feature prominently in the economic strategies of many cities. However, culture is open to interpretation and cultural expression can be problematic. This article examines Saint ...Patrick's Day celebrations in Belfast and how this event has been the victim of a bitter
"cultural war." Efforts to reframe the event and make it inclusive have had limited success. Like many other postconflict countries, culture in Northern Ireland is tied to group identity and cultural expression is bound up with the battle for political legitimacy and state sovereignty. This
battle for ownership and cultural supremacy has meant that Belfast has been unable to cash in on its authentic links to Saint Patrick. This is unlikely to change because, despite COVID-19 and the prominence given to event tourism in Belfast's new culture strategy, the zero-sum character of
the cultural war in Northern Ireland would suggest group identity will continue to trump the economic argument.
We describe here an analysis of the H-component of the geomagnetic field recorded in several temporary stations operating simultaneously in the central–eastern region of Brazil during nighttime ...pulsation events in 1994 and the sudden commencement of the St. Patrick’s Day magnetic storm in 2015. A significant amplification in the amplitude of the geomagnetic variations is consistently observed in one of these stations. Magnetovariational analysis indicates that the amplification factor is period dependent with maximum amplitude around 100 s. Integrated magnetotelluric (MT) and geomagnetic depth soundings (GDS) have shown that this station is positioned just over a huge 1200-km-long crustal conductor (estimated bulk conductivity greater than 1 S/m). We propose that the anomalous signature of the geomagnetic field at this station is due to the high reflection coefficient of the incident electromagnetic wave at the interface with the very good conductor and by skin effects damping the electromagnetic wave in the conducting layers overlying the conductor. There are some indication from the GDS data that the conductor extends southward beneath the sediments of the Pantanal Basin. In this region is being planned the installation of a new geomagnetic observatory, but its preliminary data suggest anomalous geomagnetic variations. We understand that a detailed MT survey must be carried out around the chosen observatory site to evaluate the possible influence of induced currents on the local geomagnetic field.
Graphical abstract
Crustal conductivity anomaly in central South America
Thomas Mitchell's famous book Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia published in two volumes in 1838, with a second edition in 1839, contained 200 pithy quotations, references and ...footnotes, reflecting the writing style of the time. Identifying the origin of a number of these was a challenge, undertaken in the days before search engines became ubiquitous. Even now, some of the more obscure quotations have been difficult to identify. This short paper looks at seventeen interesting items.
Thomas Mitchell's famous book Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia published in two volumes in 1838, with a second edition in 1839, contained 200 pithy quotations, references and ...footnotes, reflecting the writing style of the time. Identifying the origin of a number of these was a challenge, undertaken in the days before search engines became ubiquitous. Even now, some of the more obscure quotations have been difficult to identify. This short paper looks at seventeen interesting items.
There is probably no national day that has such global popularity as St. Patrick's Day. On St. Patrick's Day, it is reputed that 'Everyone is Irish'. What are the factors and factions that give the ...day such popular appeal? Is St. Patrick's Day the same around the world - in Japan, Northern Ireland and Montserrat - as it is in the Republic of Ireland and the United States? Just how does 'Irishness' figure in the celebration and commemoration of St. Patrick's Day, and how has this day been commoditized, consumed and contested? Does St. Patrick's Day 'belong' to the people, the nation or the brewery? This edited volume brings together the best St. Patrick's Day and Irish Studies scholars from the fields of history, anthropology, sociology, Irish studies, diaspora studies, and cultural studies. The volume thematically explores how St. Patrick's Day has been consumed from the symbolic to the literal, the religious to the political. By doing so, it offers a fresh examination of its importance in contemporary society. This volume will thus appeal to undergraduate and postgraduate students of Irish diaspora studies, and Irish historians and scholars, as well as to anthropology, sociology and cultural studies students interested in exploring St. Patrick's Day as a case study of globalization, migration and commoditization.
Saint Patrick's Day, the Irish National Day, is celebrated in the United States every year, as if the Irish living there had imported their ethnic identity. But, upon closer analysis, it is clear ...that the American context has transformed the celebration into an Irish-American day, and the study of the coverage of the event by the New York Times since 2000 testifies to a change in the sense of Irishness in the USA at the dawn of the new millennium.
La fête nationale irlandaise de la Saint Patrick étant célébrée tous les ans en Amérique, on pourrait croire que les Irlandais vivant aux Etats-Unis ont importé leur identité ethnique et leurs traditions dans le Nouveau Monde. Pourtant, en ce début de nouveau millénaire, il convient de noter que la société américaine a transformé cette fête en une célébration irlando-américaine, comme en témoignent les articles du New York Times depuis 2000.
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