An innovative, hybrid work of literary nonfiction, Lowest White Boy takes its title from Lyndon Johnson’s observation during the civil rights era: “If you can convince the lowest white man he’s ...better than the best colored man, he won’t notice you’re picking his pocket.”
Greg Bottoms writes about growing up white and working class in Tidewater, Virginia, during school desegregation in the 1970s. He offers brief stories that accumulate to reveal the everyday experience of living inside complex, systematic racism that is often invisible to economically and politically disenfranchised white southerners—people who have benefitted from racism in material ways while being damaged by it, he suggests, psychologically and spiritually. Placing personal memories against a backdrop of documentary photography, social history, and cultural critique, Lowest White Boy explores normalized racial animus and reactionary white identity politics, particularly as these are collected and processed in the mind of a child.
An alarming number of Australian schoolboys are being radicalised by misogynistic online content, and it's causing some women teachers to leave the profession, writes Lucy Meyer.
Transactional sex (TS) is common in areas of sub-Saharan Africa, motivated by reasons beyond financial support. Through this qualitative study we sought to understand the motivation driving TS among ...adolescent schoolgirls in rural western Kenya where rates are reportedly high. Identifying and understanding drivers within the local context is necessary for implementation of successful public health policy and programming to reduce the associated harms impacting health and wellbeing.
To understand the drivers of sexual behaviors, individual views, and socio-cultural norms, we spoke with schoolgirls, male peers, parents and teachers. The three latter groups may influence, encourage, and shape girls' views and behaviors and thus contribute to the perpetuation of cultural and societal norms.
One hundred and ninety-nine participants took part across 20 FGDs; 8 comprised of schoolgirl groups, and 4 each of schoolboy, parent or teacher groups. Through thematic analysis, poverty emerged as the key driver of TS and a normative behaviour amongst secondary school girls. Subthemes including parental influence, need for menstrual pads, pressure from boda boda drivers, peer pressure, and blame were part of a complex relationship linking poverty with TS.
We conclude that whilst TS is perceived as inevitable, normal and acceptable it is not really a choice for many girls. Exploring ways to encourage communication between families, including around menstruation, may help enable girls to ask for help in acquiring essential items. In addition, education at a community level may shift social norms over time and decrease the prevalence of age-disparate TS among schoolgirls and older, wealthier men in the community.
Diverse actors, including foreign and national states, international agencies, donors, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and private ventures, demand, fund, and implement anti-trafficking ...activities worldwide. Bissau-Guinean Quran schoolboys begging in Senegalese cities are defined as victims of child trafficking, and their teachers as traffickers. This article aims to explore the Quran teachers’ understanding of begging and their response to being accused of child trafficking. It rests on data collected during anthropological fieldwork in Guinea-Bissau and Senegal since 2009, including interviews and participation in religious events. The Quran teachers, some of whom admit colleagues might exploit their students, highlight four aspects of begging: allowing poor populations economically to study the Quran; contributing to humbleness, humility, and empathy with underprivileged groups; redistributing resources across generations; and allowing the acquisition of knowledge, liberation, and power. They maintain that the NGOs are profiting from funds provided to “rescue” the students and act as real traffickers, and together with funders, they aim to eliminate Islam. Embedded in layers of coloniality, the Quran teachers keep their position as community leaders. Banning begging is bound to fail if the anti-trafficking NGOs ignore their understanding of meaningful suffering and begging, including the economic and religious aspects of alms-seeking and its reciprocal nature.
There is an increased interest in exploring the association between fitness components with cognitive development in children in recent years. One of the scopes is to find the best exercise ...prescription to enhance health and cognition. Most of the studies so far have focused on cardiorespiratory fitness with little evidence on other fitness components. The present study aimed to explore the association between physical fitness (PF) and motor fitness (MF) with cognitive performance in children.
Two hundred and six schoolboys (11.0 ± 0.8 y) underwent a battery of tests to measure information processing speed (i.e., simple and choice reaction time) and inhibitory control (i.e., Simon task). PF components (i.e., flexibility, muscular strength, and endurance) and MF components (speed and agility) were measured.
Multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders (i.e., age, socioeconomic status, %fat and physical activity) revealed no relationship between flexibility, speed, muscular strength, and endurance with either information processing tasks or inhibitory control tasks. However, a positive association was observed between agility with both congruent reaction time and incongruent reaction time.
No relationship was observed between the underlying fitness components with either information processing or inhibitory control. However, an association was observed between agility with inhibitory control.
African American Males in PreK-12 Schools: Informing Research, Practice, and Policy presents a comprehensive viewpoint on preK-12 schooling for African American males. Including theoretical, ...conceptual, and research based chapters, this edited volume offers readers compelling evidence of the education challenges and successes for this student population. Each chapter provides a richer perspective of the experiences of African American males throughout their elementary and secondary education. Additionally, each chapter includes strong implications for education research, practice, and policy, as well as concrete recommendations to important stakeholders, such as educators, school counselors, parents, etc. Collectively, the contributors communicate throughout the edited volume that educational change is needed and that educational success is attainable for African American males. It is intended that the edited volume will help inform education research, practice, and policy as they relate to African American males. Equally important, it is envisioned that the readers will develop a greater interest in the education of African American males.
Background. The problem of preserving and strengthening of children’s health has been and remains one of the topical problems in modern medicine. Experts attribute the deterioration of health ...indicators both with environmental degradation, declining social and medical culture, and with insufficient capacity of methodology of assessment of children’s health on to the stage of clinical entities. The current method does not reflect the adaptation of the child to physical activity, and moreover, can not predict the probability of chronic diseases’ emergence. Applying of Rufe test during medical examinations that is proposed by regulatory documents, does not solve and even complicates the distribution of pupils into health groups for physical training. The reason for the problems with the use of Rufe test as a method of diagnostics of functional state of the cardio – vascular system of children is seen in ignoring of the child's age when calculating the index Rufe. Objective. Revealing of the indicators characterising a morphological and functional condition of schoolboys of 10-12 years of the basic medical group with low level of health was a research objective. Methods. To study were selected by children 10-12 years referred for medical examination by the method S.M. Hrombaha to the primary health care team. Results. It was established that the greatest accuracy and information content has methods of Apanasenko G.L. "Quantitative rapid assessment of the level of children’s and teenagers’ physical health", which enables on prehospital stage to conduct primary screening with quantitative determination of level of the individual pupil's health and not the presence or absence of acute or chronic diseases or defects of development. It is proved that the level of health by Apanasenko G.L. correlate well with indicators that define the functional status and adaptation to physical stress of children and teenagers. The study of functional status of school children 10-12 years with low health, clearly demonstrated and analyzed their features. Conclusion. It is defined that there is the dependence of functional status, physical performance, level of physical activity, acute morbidity on the level of physical health by the method of G. Apanasenko.
In order to be successful in rugby union, coaches need to adapt their training program to meet the demands of the modern game. The purpose of this study was classify youth rugby union players by ...training performances and know if these criteria can be used to group players instead the age group-criteria. Twenty-eight players participated in the study (under-16, n=13; under-18, n=15) during a two-week period for eight randomly selected training sessions. A two-step cluster analysis was performed to classify the players into different groups according their performance variables during the training sessions, and, the analysis resulted in 2 different groups: Cluster 1 (n=16, 57.1%) and Cluster 2 (n=12, 42.9%). The heart rate (HR) results were the best predictors of group classification. There were also significant differences across the two cluster groups for the heart rate zones, where all players spent most of the time below 75% of maximum heart rate (HRmax). Coaches and trainers can use this information to assist with grouping players based on the physiological demands of training, instead of using the age group-criteria. This classification analysis can be used to improve the accuracy of talent identification programs and to help improve the task representativeness in training sessions by optimizing the conflict effects.
Purpose: to define reasons of admissions of employments on the physical culture of children and teenagers of general schools Kharkiv. Material and Methods: the analysis of school magazines of visit ...of lessons and medical maps is conducted 735 students (6–17 years) in 16 Kharkiv general schools, including. 462 boys, 273 girls; analysis of health and sporting sections in these general schools and their visited from the incurrence of students. Results: the features of visited of employments on physical culture and other general theoretic articles of students of junior, middle and senior classes are Set. The amount of students is determined visitant different sporting sections in extracurricular time. Conclusions: the visited of students is certain basic, preparatory and special medical groups of employments on physical culture and other general theoretic objects.
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