The objective of our study was to study the lipid profile of patients hospitalized for stroke (Ischemic or Hemorrhagic) by identifying among them, those who presented dyslipidemias.
We conducted a ...study on the lipidogram results of 609 patients hospitalized for stroke. All the variables were included in the model a priori without any selection, with, first, the lipid variables, then secondarily the age, the sex.
The stroke rate was 72% for the ischemic form and 28% for the hemorrhagic form. It had increased with age regardless of the ischemic or hemorrhagic type. The extreme ages were 17 and 95 years old with an average of 62.8 years. Men accounted for 53% of cases and women 47% of cases. The averages and standard deviations of the lipid fractions analyzed were respectively: TC (1.89, 0.55); HDL (0.49, 0.24); LDL (1.24, 0.50) and TG (0.90, 0.41). After controlling for confounders by bivariate analysis, the result for pure dyslipidemia showed that HDL was significantly associated with stroke in the foreground OR 1.77; 95% CI 1.15-2.72; p = 0.002 followed by LDL OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.04-4.87; p = 0.03. No significant association could be found between TG, TC and stroke. The overall mortality rate was 25% (154 cases).
In this study, the occurrence of fatal stroke was associated with significant lowering of HDL cholesterol. From our point of view, it is important to study this type of lipid profile well.
•The Extended Kalman Filter is applied to SWAT model for streamflow assimilation.•A ratio method is suggested to reduce the computation burden.•Opposite patterns are found in the soil moisture and ...curve number update.•Case study shows the high flood forecast is improved moderately.•A quasi-error update scheme based on EKF issues more accurate forecasting.
The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is coupled with the Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) model in the streamflow assimilation of the upstream Senegal River in West Africa. Given the large number of distributed variables in SWAT, only the average watershed scale variables are included in the state vector and the Hydrological Response Unit (HRU) scale variables are updated with the a posteriori/a priori ratio of their watershed scale counterparts. The Jacobian matrix is calculated numerically by perturbing the state variables. Both the soil moisture and CN2 are significantly updated in the wet season, yet they have opposite update patterns. A case study for a large flood forecast shows that for up to seven days, the streamflow forecast is moderately improved using the EKF-subsequent open loop scheme but significantly improved with a newly designed quasi-error update scheme. The former has better performances in the flood rising period while the latter has better performances in the recession period. For both schemes, the streamflow forecast is improved more significantly when the lead time is shorter.
Le reconditionnement des stimulateurs cardiaques est une technique bénéfique pour les patients des pays à faible niveau de vie économique où la prise en charge sanitaire est quasi inexistante. Nous ...nous sommes proposés de partager l'expérience du Sénégal sur le reconditionnement des pacemakers.
Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective sur une période allant de janvier 2015 à décembre 2020 incluant tous les patients qui ont bénéficié d'un stimulateur cardiaque reconditionné en primo-implantation ou en réimplantation. Les critères de reconditionnement des stimulateurs cardiaques sont l'absence de dysfonction ou de dommage et une longévité résiduelle de la batterie supérieure à 5 ans du stimulateur cardiaque. Les stimulateurs cardiaques reconditionnés sont acquis soit par don ou par les centres d'extraction. La stérilisation se fait à l'aide de solutions de phenoxypropanol + benzalkonium chlorure, d’éthanol à 70 % et d'oxyde d’éthylène.
Nous avons colligé 161 patients durant la période d’étude dont 77 hommes (48 %) et 84 femmes (52 %) soit un sex-ratio H/F de 0,94. L’âge moyen de la population était de 65 ans. La symptomatologie fonctionnelle était dominée par les syncopes dans 54 %. Sur le plan électrocardiographique, 72 % des patients étaient en bloc auriculo-ventriculaire complet. Une primo-implantation était notée chez 91,5 % des patients. La voie d'abord vasculaire la plus utilisée lors de l'implantation était céphalique dans 49,5 % des cas. Dans notre série, nous avons noté que 58 % des patients avaient bénéficié d'une stimulation temporaire en pré-implantation. À l'implantation, la stimulation monochambre était utilisée chez 60 % des patients et 46,5 % des patients avaient une programmation en mode VVI. Nous avons eu 5,5 % de complications majeures avec 3 % d'infection de boitier survenu entre 3 et 6 mois post implantation et 2,5 % de syndrome de pacemaker. Nous avons noté un cas de décès lié à sa cardiopathie sous-jacente à 8 mois post implantation.
Le reconditionnement des stimulateurs cardiaques est une stratégie thérapeutique sûre et bénéfique pour les patients. Au Sénégal, le reconditionnement a montré des résultats satisfaisants. Dans nos pays cette technique peut être une alternative pour certains patients.
The reuse pacemakers is a beneficial technique for patients in countries with a low economic standard of living where health care is almost non-existent. We offered to share the experience of Senegal on the reconditioning of pacemakers.
We conducted a retrospective study over a period from January 2015 to December 2020 including all patients who benefited from a reconditioned pacemaker for primary implantation or reimplantation. The criteria for reconditioning pacemakers are the absence of dysfunction or damage and a residual battery life of more than 5 years of the pacemaker. Refurbished pacemakers are acquired either from deceased families or from extraction centers. Sterilization is carried out using phenoxypropanol + benzalkonium chloride solution, 70% ethanol and ethylene oxide.
We collected 161 patients during the study period, including 77 men (48%) and 84 women (52%), i.e. a M/F sex ratio of 0.94. The average age of the population was 65 years. Functional symptomatology was dominated by syncope in 54%. Electrocardiographically, 72% of patients were in complete atrioventricular block. A primary implantation was noted in 91.5% of patients. The vascular approach most used during implantation was cephalic in 49.5% of cases. In our series, we noted that 58% of patients had benefited from temporary stimulation before implantation. At implantation, single-chamber stimulation was used in 60% of patients and 46.5% of patients had programming in VVI mode. We had 5.5% major complications with 3% box infection occurring between 3 and 6 months post-implantation and 2.5% pacemaker syndrome. We noted 1 case of death linked to underlying heart disease.
Reconditioning of cardiac pacemakers is a safe and beneficial therapeutic strategy for patients. In Senegal, reconditioning has shown satisfactory results. In our countries this technique can be an alternative for certain patients.
The debate on the funding of business creation focuses on the provision of funds by banks. Our study examines the financial behavior of eighteen women who set up small craft and commercial ...activities. It is based on a theoretical approach and on a qualitative methodology, which give a central place to the temporal and exploratory dimension in the understanding of the various interactions between the creators of the companies and their closer financial environment. The results of the study show a case of DIY. The latter is revealed in the ability of women to assign new objectives to financial resources, which they have mobilized from the banks of the financial system, mutual tontines, relatives and friends. This tinkering is a source of understanding for the State, the actors of the financial system and civil society, who participate in the renewal of the business park, in Thiès, in the Escale-Nord district, in Senegal.
Samba Gadjigo presents a unique personal portrait and intellectual
history of novelist and filmmaker Ousmane Sembène. Though Sembène has persistently
deflected attention away from his personality, ...his life, and his past, Gadjigo has
had unprecedented access to the artist and his family. This book is the first
comprehensive biography of Sembène and contributes a critical appraisal of his life
and art in the context of the political and social influences on his work. Beginning
with Sembène's life in Casamance, Senegal, and ending with his militant career as a
dockworker in Marseilles, Gadjigo places Sembène into the context of African
colonial and postcolonial culture and charts his achievements in film and
literature. This landmark book reveals the inner workings of one of Africa's most
distinguished and controversial figures.
We conducted a cross-sectional serosurvey for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) exposure in fruit bats in Senegal during 2020-2023. We found that 13.3% (89/671) of bats had CHIKV IgG; highest prevalence was ...in Eidolon helvum (18.3%, 15/82) and Epomophorus gambianus (13.7%, 63/461) bats. Our results suggest these bats are naturally exposed to CHIKV.We conducted a cross-sectional serosurvey for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) exposure in fruit bats in Senegal during 2020-2023. We found that 13.3% (89/671) of bats had CHIKV IgG; highest prevalence was in Eidolon helvum (18.3%, 15/82) and Epomophorus gambianus (13.7%, 63/461) bats. Our results suggest these bats are naturally exposed to CHIKV.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Mara A. Leichtman offers an in-depth study of Shi'i Islam in two very different communities in Senegal: the well-established Lebanese diaspora and Senegalese "converts" from Sunni to Shi'i Islam of ...recent decades. Sharing a minority religious status in a predominantly Sunni Muslim country, each group is cosmopolitan in its own way. Leichtman provides new insights into the everyday lives of Shi'i Muslims in Africa and the dynamics of local and global Islam. She explores the influence of Hizbullah and Islamic reformist movements, and offers a corrective to prevailing views of Sunni-Shi'i hostility, demonstrating that religious coexistence is possible in a context such as Senegal.
