•Clay-rich soils on limestones from the Dinaric Karst region are classified as Luvisols.•Illuvial processes explain differences in the geochemical and mineral composition of horizons.•Allochthonous ...contributions from different sources influence the formation of Luvisols.•Pedogenesis prevails over heterogeneity of profile sites and contribution of allochthonous material.•Well-developed soil horizons indicate intense pedogenetic processes.
In environments with high precipitation, eluvial–illuvial processes play a key role in pedogenesis. Vertical translocation of clay leads to the formation of an argic horizon. Such soils are of global importance and formed on different rock substrates under different climatic conditions. However, the pedogenesis of clay-rich soils developed on limestone in humid temperate climates has not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the geochemical and mineral compositions and properties of Luvisols (10 profiles) from the Dinaric karst region and identify the geochemical indicators of eluvial–illuvial processes. The geochemical and mineral differences between the A, E, and Bt horizons could be explained by the pedogenic processes of biorecycling, migration, isomorphic substitution in minerals, surface adsorption to clay or Al/Fe oxide minerals, and precipitation from the soil solution. Illuviation is evident in the downward increase in Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, K2O, Ba, Co, Cr, Ga, Ni, Sc, Th, U, V, Y, and REE. Despite differences in the geochemical characteristics of the 10 studied profiles, eluvial–illuvial processes outweighed the heterogeneity of the soils from different sites and the probable contribution of allochthonous material to the soil. We established new textural and geochemical indicators that could explain the differences among horizons and profiles in light of the polygenetic origin of soil material and pedological processes.
Previous research has mostly overlooked the hotel employee-related perspectives on (occupational) health, including its relation to pandemics (such as COVID-19). This research examines this ...perspective focusing on the case of the Slovenian hotel industry. An anonymous web questionnaire, as the only practical option, was sent during the lockdown to potential respondents from hotels throughout the country. For the analysis, the following approaches were employed: univariate analysis, the check of reliability and confidence intervals for the means, principal component analysis with Varimax rotation, and Spearman's and Pearson's rank-order correlations. The majority of respondents changed their attitude towards health during the pandemic (chi square = 2.66). Using PCA, dimensionality-reduction of the dataset was implemented. A five-component solution, in which components account for 60.3% of the total variance, was identified. Due to low r.sub.s and r.sub.p, all components are negligibly correlated to demographic characteristics as well as to the respondents' changing health concerns due to COVID-19. Keywords: hotel industry, employees, COVID-19 pandemic, occupational health, Slovenia Prethodna istrazivanja uglavnom su zanemarivala misljenja hotelskih zaposlenika o zdravlju (na radnom mjestu), ukljucujuci njegovu povezanost s pandemijama (kao sto je COVID-19). Ovo istrazivanje ispituje ta misljenja usmjerujuci se na slucaj slovenske hotelske industrije. Anonimni web-upitnik, kao jedina prakticna mogucnost, poslan je tijekom pandemije potencijalnim ispitanicima u hotelima diljem zemlje. U analizi primijenjeni su sljedeci pristupi: univarijatna analiza, provjera intervala pouzdanosti za srednju vrijednost, analiza glavnih komponenti s Varimax-rotacijom te Spearmanov i Pearsonov koeficijent korelacije ranga. Vecina ispitanika promijenila je svoj stav prema zdravlju tijekom pandemije (chi square = 2,66). Analizom glavnih komponenti (PCA) uvedena je redukcija dimenzionalnosti skupa podataka i izdvojeno je pet komponenti koje cine 60,3 % ukupne varijance. Zbog niskog r.sub.s i r.sub.p, sve su komponente zanemarivo povezane s demografskim karakteristikama, kao i s promjenom zabrinutosti za zdravlje ispitanika zbog pandemije COVID-19. Kljucne rijeci: hotelijerstvo, zaposlenici, pandemija COVID-19, zdravlje na radu, Slovenija
This paper analyses the determinants of farmer participation in agri-environmental measures (AEMs) using the Slovenian Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) during the 2004–2010 period. Previous ...papers have not shown a straightforward relationship between farm size and decisions to participate in AEM. Considering explicitly the farm size, the controversial subject of the role of farm size is investigated by conducting logit regression analyses. We examine the influence of farm-specific characteristics on participation in AEMs using three different farm sizes: small, medium, and large. The findings strongly suggest that there are differences between the determinant factors of AEM participation based on farms’ utilised agricultural area, particularly between small and large farms. This conclusion is supported by those variables that describe farm capital per land intensity, off-farm income and type of farming as significant determinants for large farm models but not for small farm models. Furthermore, variables that describe land productivity negatively influence participation in AEMs for large farms, whereas these variables positively influence the participation of small farms. The results highlight the importance of how these previously confirmed factors influencing AEM participation differ according to the three different farm sizes.
The Local Self-Government Act has given explicit legal ground for the use of optional participatory budgeting (PB) on the municipal level in Slovenia since 2018. This means municipalities and their ...inhabitants have absolute discretion regarding the nature of proposed and later (if chosen) implemented projects in a certain municipality if the projects fall under municipal authority. The article presents research results that reveal that a legislative soft approach to PB, resulted in small municipal engagement in PB projects. They on average spent up to one percent of budgetary expenses for PB purposes, resulting mostly in inclusive, peoplecentered projects promoting facilities for socializing, and different kinds of public infrastructure capacities (sports infrastructure, etc.). The projects implemented in Slovenia so far are prevailingly "public infrastructure projects " in line with the municipal social sustainability agenda promoting equality and diversity, social cohesion, democracy and governance, and quality of life in a certain municipality.
This report assesses the Slovenian public sector salary system. In doing so, it examines the salary structure; the job classification framework; wage relativities - level of compensation and method ...for determining wage increases, and the wage negotiation framework; use of cash supplements; use of performance incentives; and the role of social dialogue in bargaining employment conditions.
Purpose
The dissertation focuses on time series analysis and is based on several research strategies
and methods.
The methodology used in the research process was published in four papers as part of
...international scientific journals indexed in the Web of Science database. Since tourism
is one of the most lagged industries in science there is need for new and innovative
approaches in key tourist sector determinants modelling and forecasting.
This doctoral thesis introduces an extension of time series methodology that focuses
on investigating and testing the normal distribution of residuals, as a key adequacy
prerequisite of econometric models. This issue has not systematically been considered in
quantitative approaches in tourism.
The motivation for research of the doctoral thesis are multidimensional: to filter previous
research on time series in tourism and to theoretically and empirically improve and
redesign time series methodology and methods for tourism. Both issues were successfully
presented in one of the published papers. Finally, tourism forecasts should be based on
reliable models as evident, from the most recent shocks, ex-ante tourism forecasting has
to be considered crucial in evaluating model efficiency.
The dissertation aimed to research and develop appropriate econometric models able to
capture the specifics of multiple interactions in the tourism market. The research seeks
to develop econometric models for the Republics of Slovenia and Croatia, two countries
whose economic development is predicated on tourism. Four goals and four specific objectives have been specified during the research process:
1) To introduce an improved time series approach in cointegrated panels. The first specific
objective (SO1) is to test at least ten econometric modelling structures that reduce cycle
breaks. 2) To examine previous theoretical thinking regarding the cointegration of
time series, cross-sectional data, and panels. The second specific objective (SO2) is to
outline at least 250 previous empirical studies for the tourism industry. 3) To examine
cointegration in tourism data for Slovenia and Croatia. The third objective (SO3) is
to model at least three econometric time series equations and mathematical theorems/
lemmas for the tourism industry. 4) To improve and better understand unit root tests in
tourism. The specific objective (SO4) is to approach the design of at least three stable
and innovative models.
Purpose
Long regarded as a far-fetched notion, companies from post-socialist economies (PSEs) increasingly compete with companies from advanced economies in their domestic markets and abroad. This ...study identifies PSE companies' motives and determinants of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in advanced economies.
Design/methodology/approach
This study analyses Slovenian business activities in Germany by juxtaposing eight Slovenian investors and three exporters using a multiple case study approach. The authors use content analysis to examine rich data from semi-structured interviews, databases and internal and external documents to provide comprehensive and in-depth insights into PSE investments in advanced economies.
Findings
The authors identify market-seeking motives and competitive advantages which differ from those of other emerging economy companies and offer theoretical suggestions. In contrast to findings from other emerging economies, the authors identify firm- and country-specific advantages, such as high technology, high service quality, a highly educated labour force, and European Union membership, which Slovene companies have employed to enter the advanced German market.
Originality/value
This study represents the first application of springboard theory to explain PSE company investment in advanced economies. The authors offer contextualised explanations of PSE investments in advanced host economies, which have been lacking thus far. The authors also contribute to the scarcity of studies on the effects of supranational institutions on OFDI from emerging economies.
The Balkans are still an imprecisely defined and relatively unknown area in southeastern Europe. They are a historical‐political term, often provoking negative associations that are synonymous with ...underdevelopment, backwardness, and primitiveness. This research is aimed primarily at exploring how the Balkans are perceived by students of geography in Zagreb and Maribor and what associations they provoke. It further seeks to investigate whether the Balkans are primarily a cognitive construct that is spatially determined on an individual level, based on an individual’s own insights, attitudes, values, and other determinants. Therefore, a questionnaire survey regarding perceptions of the Balkans was conducted. The results indicate that the Balkans can be seen as a sort of vernacular anti‐region: the kind from which states in or near its boundaries attempt to exclude themselves, while simultaneously trying to include their neighbors to the south and east.
This paper uses a rich data set of Slovenian manufacturing firms active in the period 1994–2002 that contains information on outward FDI and exports to different markets in order to test three ...empirical hypotheses that relate the decision for outward FDI to total factor productivity. First, the evidence supports the hypothesis proposed by Helpman, Melitz and Yeaple (2004) that more productive firms are more likely to invest in a foreign affiliate. Second, the hypothesis proposed by Head and Ries (2003) that less productive firms may be encouraged to invest in low‐income countries is rejected by the data. However, the main contribution of the paper is to confirm the third hypothesis that required firm's productivity increases with the number of markets that the firm serves, i.e. there is a positive relationship between the number of a firm's foreign affiliates and its total factor productivity.
Am Gebirgsfluss Isonzo – auf Slowenisch Soča – verlief vom Frühjahr 1915 bis zum Herbst 1917 die Hauptfront zwischen dem Kaiserreich Österreich-Ungarn und dem jungen Nationalstaat Italien. Nachdem ...der italienische Generalstabschef Luigi Cadorna in elf Offensiven gegen die österreichischen Stellungen nur wenig Geländegewinn erzielt hatte, waren die Streitkräfte der Mittelmächte im Oktober 1917 in der Lage, die Linien des Gegners zu durchbrechen. Das italienische Heer musste sich 150 Kilometer weit nach Westen bis zum Piave zurückziehen. Für Habsburg erwies sich der militärische Erfolg als Pyrrhussieg. Rom begann, die Nationalitäten der Donaumonarchie im Kampf um die Eigenstaatlichkeit zu unterstützen. Die verlustreichen Materialschlachten am Isonzo sind eng verwoben mit Ereignissen von globalgeschichtlichem Rang: dem Zerfall der Habsburgermonarchie und der Errichtung des Mussolini-Regimes.
Rolf Wörsdörfers Buch basiert auf Briefwechseln, Erinnerungen und Tagebuchnotizen von Soldaten, Krankenschwestern, Ärzten, Feldkaplänen, Journalistinnen, Politikern und Alpinisten. Der Verfasser wertet Texte österreichischer, deutscher, italienischer, slowenischer, tschechischer, kroatischer und ungarischer Herkunft aus, um sie vor dem Hintergrund des internationalen Forschungsstandes zu diskutieren. Auf diese Weise entsteht ein zugleich facettenreiches und realitätsnahes Bild der Völkerschlachten am Gebirgsfluss, die zu den bedeutendsten und folgenreichsten Großereignissen des Ersten Weltkriegs zählen.
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