Geomorphological and geological mapping have long been used to study the glacial history of the Slovenian Alps, but many uncertainties remain regarding the time and extent of Pleistocene glaciations ...there. Glacial landforms and undisturbed glacial deposits are rare in the areas of the former glacier terminus, especially in the Soča Valley, where large discrepancies in the interpretation of the extent of the former Soča Glacier have been reported. Early studies proved inconclusive as to whether one or two glaciations extended into the Soča Valley as far as Most na Soči. In order to answer this question, the Quaternary sedimentary succession and landforms in the Modrejce Valley near Most na Soči were investigated. New geological and geomorphological field data allow the interpretation of the sedimentary environment and the stratigraphic relationships between different units. In response to glacial dynamics, the sedimentation developed from glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine to fully glacial environments, followed by slope deposition. At higher altitudes lateral moraines are preserved, while the staircase-like slope below has been carved into older glacial, glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine deposits by glacial and post-glacial processes, including fluvial erosion and slope dynamics. We conclude that the succession studied here was deposited over the course of two different glacial advances – LGM and pre-LGM. Our study thus suggests that the Soča Glacier extended as far as the area of Most na Soči twice over the course of the late Quaternary.
The paper presents the map of intrinsic groundwater vulnerability of the Isonzo/Soča High Plain, which is located between the Collio Hills and the Classical Karst Region and holds an aquifer shared ...between Italy and Slovenia. The map, produced at a scale of 1:25,000 and printed in A0 format, was obtained by means of the SINTACS method and shows the intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer in terms of seven vulnerability classes, from extremely high to low. It is accompanied by four supplementary sketches that illustrate the geological framework, the bedrock top surface, the groundwater flow paths, the Hazard Index map and three diagrams that summarize the percentages of vulnerability classes and of Hazard Index classes of the study area.
The effects of hydropower dams and, in particular, the impacts of reduced river flows on the periphyton community were assessed in the Soča River, Slovenia. Sampling sites were selected upstream and ...downstream of the Podsela and Ajba dams. Sampling was carried out in 1998 during a period of low flows. Reaches downstream from the dams experienced prolonged periods of reduced flows, and a corresponding decrease in flow velocity and water depth. The chain of hydropower dams has stopped sediment inflow from the upstream reach. Below the dams, the oscillations of water temperature, dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation are much larger than at unregulated sites upstream. The impact of prolonged periods of reduced flows, a lack of sediment supply from upstream and changes in physicochemical variables has caused high periphyton biomass, proliferation of green algae and increases in the number of periphytic algae species below the dams. This has significant implications for the design of environmental flow strategies that provide a sediment supply to maintain a healthy periphyton community. Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Associate editor M. Acreman Citation Smolar-Žvanut, N. and Mikoš, M., 2014. The impact of flow regulation by hydropower dams on the periphyton community in the Soča River, Slovenia. Hydrological Sciences Journal , 59 (5), 1032–1045.
The south-western part of the Carinthian (or Frög) group of the Early Iron Age, located between the valley of the Gail/Zilja and Villach/Beljak (Rosegg/Rožek), bordered the Veneti in northern Italy ...and the Sveta Lucija group in western Slovenia. The relationships with these neighbours, alongside the trade in amber from the Baltic Sea, salt from Hallstatt and Dürrnberg, as well as iron and lead from the Alps, brought to the eastern Alpine areas not only foreign luxury goods, but also people and ideas. One communication with the southern neighbours led across the Predel/Predil Pass, evidence of which can be found in a pin with a moulded neck from Napoleonwiese at Villach that has parallels in Tolmin. Further along the Soča/Isonzo, contacts between Caput Adriae and Carinthia/Kärnten may be reflected in the pottery with lead appliqués. Evidence of such contacts and circulations of ideas can also be seen in the use and development of the Unec type pendants, in the boat fibulae (Kahnfibeln) of the Villach type and the Paularo type of east Alpine animal-headed fibulae (ostalpine Tierkopffibel) that indicate a common artisanal tradition in Posočje and Kärnten in the 5th/4th century BC, as well as in the commonalities that the tumulus from Schmeißer Boden at Gurina shows with the tumuli in Mel near Belluno.
The article discusses avalanche occurrence in the Slovenian Alps (SE Alps) in the context of climate change. It analyses the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation and maximum snow depth ...over the last two centuries, and the relationships between maximum snow depth and avalanches over the last three decades. We argue that higher temperatures lead to precipitation in the form of rain at higher elevations even in winter, so that major wet avalanches occur already in winter rather than in early spring, as was more common in the past. A case study of extreme avalanches in January 2021 is presented to support the hypothesis.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Soča/Isonzo front line was about 90 km long battlefield area along the Soča (ital. Isonzo) river valley and the surrounding mountain tops and ridges, running from the Julian Alps (Slovenia) in ...the north to the Gulf of Trieste in the south. Using available historical data, sketches, rare photographs and written documents, supplemented with contemporary aerial photographs, orthophotos and airborne lidar data, we interpreted the exact position of fire trenches, supply tracks, barracks, cable lifts and other objects for selected areas. A variety of visualizations and presentations, such as changes of the front line during some battles, space-time cubes, augmented reality visualisations, and animated flyovers, were prepared from various computational environment and background image datasets.
Display omitted
•Most introgression into marble trout has occurred from brown trout Atlantic lineage.•Highly introgressed populations are found in small unmanaged streams.•Non-introgressed marble ...trout can still be found in the hybridization zone.•Discordance between mtDNA and nDNA due to asymmetric introgressive hybridization.•Marble trout repopulation programme should be undertaken in head waters.
Marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) is an extensively managed salmonid taxon threatened by historical introductions of non-native brown trout (Salmo trutta) of different origins into habitats in the northern part of its distribution, namely the Po river system and the Slovenian part of the Adriatic watershed. Hybridization between marble trout and brown trout results in fertile offspring, creating an extensive zone of genetic mixing, with varying amount of introgression. A rehabilitation programme for marble trout has been undertaken in Slovenia for two decades, dependent upon eight non-introgressed marble trout populations inhabiting isolated streams in the upper Soča river valley. MtDNA and a new marker system based on nuclear DNA, designed for identification of trouts and their hybrids in the genus Salmo, were used to determine the extent of introgressive hybridization between marble and brown trout across a large area of the Adriatic watershed in Slovenia. Individual admixture coefficients, the posterior probability of each individual belonging to one or other of the parental species and user-defined categories of admixture were determined along with basic population genetic parameters, revealing variable intensity and patterns of individual introgression throughout the zone of hybridization. In most of the populations analysed, hybridization of native marble trout with the introduced Atlantic lineage of brown trout was observed. In the upper Soča river system a high proportion of genetically non-introgressed (pure) marble trout was found, enabling selection of these fish for supplementary material in the reintroduction programme. Conclusions regarding management of marble trout in Slovenia can be inferred from the patterns observed in the present study: (1) transfer of pure populations to fishless or fished-out streams is recommended, (2) to sustain genetic diversity of the species, non-introgressed individuals sorted out from the zone of hybridization should be used to produce juveniles for supplementation stocking in fish farms, and (3) extension of the marble trout repopulation programme to highly introgressed populations in small unmanaged streams, which represent a potential source for downstream genetic ‘contamination’.
In Slovenia, the unique watershed naturally hosting the marble trout is the Soča River, called Isonzo in Italy. In 1993–1996 molecular data established the existence of extensive hybridization with ...stocked Atlantic domestic lineages which is a threat for this taxon and for the economy of the country established on the angling tourism. Different management actions have been developed for restoring marble genes since 1996: banning stocking of brown trout, revising fishing regulations for anglers and testing genetically brood stock in hatchery for stocking phenotypic and pure marble fry. This long fight against hybridization was genetically surveyed using allozymes, mitochondrial sequences and microsatellites according to the available technique at each period. Despite the irregularity of genotyping along nearly fifteen years after the new management started, it appears that the proportion of domestic lineage in the river dropped regularly of about 2% each year, a positive result for conservative management measures.
The study of tourism carrying capacity in the municipalities of Tolmin, Kobarid and Komen has shown that the infrastructural and economic carrying capacity is the most problematic, as most indicator ...limits are already exceeded in the summer season. The most favourable is the spatial-ecological carrying capacity, where none of the studied indicator limits were exceeded. The results of the carrying capacity assessment for tourism in these municipalities should not be used as a tool to restrict tourism development, but rather as expert recommendations to promote more sustainable tourism development. Infrastructure identified as deficient cannot be improved immediately. Improvements require large financial investments that municipalities are not able to ensure quickly. We need a tourism development strategy that, in addition to all the necessary improvements, comprehensively addresses the problems that municipalities face from overtourism, especially during the high season.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Mt. Rombon, located in north-western Slovenia, was a part of the Soča Front during the First World War. The conflict that lasted from the end of May 1915 until the end of October 1917 left numerous ...traces in the landscape, whose social meanings and understandings changed as it shifted from a landscape of peace to a place associated with war. Alongside social meanings, the human experiences with the landscape also changed. This is evident through every main episode of the landscapes constructed biography. It also became clear that this alpine landscape has had a great impact on human activities and vice versa, which is noticeable in the nature of anthropogenic features and organization of the landscape itself throughout history.
PDF
