In the article based on the published and unpublished sources were defined activities of a member of the Central Committee of the RCP(b), Commissar for Nationalities, the future Secretary-General of ...the Central Committee of the RCP(b) J. V. Stalin after being wounded leader of the world revolution V. I. Lenin (August 30, 1918). At the head of the party-state mechanism appeared Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Council, the first Soviet parliament, and the head of the Secretariat of the Bolshevik's Central Committee Y. M. Sverdlov, called himself "the Chairman of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party" and the chairman of Military Heist Council--Military Revolutionary Council of the Republic L. D. Trotsky. J. V. Stalin quarreled with Y. M. Sverdlov long before the October Revolution--in the period of reference in the joint Turukhansk region, and recent actions in Tsaritsyn finally alienated L. D. Trotsky. So coming to power Y. M. Sverdlov and L. D. Trotsky led to J. V. Stalin's loss of a sufficiently high status in the Bolshevik Party. J. V. Stalin uninvited appeared at the center, not failing to make fun of the old comrades in exile. The charges stemmed from a policy Y. M. Sverdlov against the Cossacks, one of the first steps to a massive red terror against the Cossacks, announced by the Organising Bureau of the Central Committee of RCP(b) in 1919. Appearing in the center, J. V. Stalin did everything to neutralize the powerful tandem and return full power to the leader of the world revolution. Without an understanding of these events it is impossible to study inner-party struggle in the RCP(b) in the second half of 1918--beginning of 1919.
"Maybe some people are shy about writing, but I will write the real truth. . . . Is it really possible that people at the newspaper haven't heard this. . . that we don't want to be on the kolkhoz ...collective farm, we work and work, and there's nothing to eat. Really, how can we live?"-a farmer's letter, 1936, fromStalinism as a Way of LifeWhat was life like for ordinary Russian citizens in the 1930s? How did they feel about socialism and the acts committed in its name? This unique book provides English-speaking readers with the responses of those who experienced firsthand the events of the middle-Stalinist period. The book contains 157 documents-mostly letters to authorities from Soviet citizens, but also reports compiled by the secret police and Communist Party functionaries, internal government and party memoranda, and correspondence among party officials. Selected from recently opened Soviet archives, these previously unknown documents illuminate in new ways both the complex social roots of Stalinism and the texture of daily life during a highly traumatic decade of Soviet history.Accompanied by introductory and linking commentary, the documents are organized around such themes as the impact of terror on the citizenry, the childhood experience, the countryside after collectivization, and the role of cadres that were directed to "decide everything." In their own words, peasants and workers, intellectuals and the uneducated, adults and children, men and women, Russians and people from other national groups tell their stories. Their writings reveal how individual lives influenced-and were affected by-the larger events of Soviet history.
