U radu se analizira filozofija prava Thomasa Hobbesa i nastoji se ispitati trebamo li je svrstati u prirodnopravnu tradiciju mišljenja o pravu ili u pravni pozitivizam. S jedne strane, Hobbes se ...tradicionalno svrstavao u predstavnike racionalne doktrine prirodnog prava, a s druge strane je njegova pravna misao udarila temelje
pozitivističke teorije prava. Zato se u radu prvo daje kraći pregled prirodnopravne misli (antička, srednjovjekovna i moderna teorija prirodnog prava), da bi se u tom kontekstu prikazalo Hobbesovo učenje o prirodnom pravu i prirodnom zakonu, koje nije sasvim konzistentno. Potom se analizira Hobbesovo učenje o građanskim zakonima, odnosno shvaćanje prava kao zapovijedi suverena i njegov utjecaj na pravni pozitivizam, te naročito Hobbesov utjecaj na Austinovu imperativnu teoriju prava. Na kraju, analizira se veza između Hobbesova učenja o prirodnim zakonima kao zapovijedima razuma i građanskim zakonima kao zapovijedima suverena.
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama empirinės medžiagos išskyrimo iš teorijų turinio problematika. Mechaninio empirizmo tradicija jutimiškai konstatuojamuosius faktus laiko tiesioginiu ir savarankišku teorinio ...aiškinimo objektu, išsaugančiu savo pobūdį kuriamų teorijų turinyje. Esant konkurencijai, faktinė medžiaga traktuojama kaip jų turinio invariantas ir kaip objektyvaus teorijos priėmimo ar atmetimo pagrindas. Teorinis informacinis faktinės medžiagos turinio sąlygotumas nepaneigia jos santykinio savarankiškumo teorijos atžvilgiu. Autorius teigia, kad faktinis medžiagos kaupimas kartais apibūdinamas kaip empirinis mokslo raidos matas, bet toks apibūdinimas nėra tikslus, nes nuo teorinės veiklos nepriklausomo medžiagos kaupimo nebūna. Pažinimo procesas išlaiko teorinio proceso pobūdį visais savo raidos tarpsniais. Informacinis faktinės medžiagos turinio nesavarankiškumas nenuvertina mokslinei veiklai būdingo reikalavimo remtis faktais kuriant teorijas. Patys faktai teorijos neimplikuoja, todėl rėmimasis faktais reiškia paprastą mokslinį kritiškumą priimtųjų teorijų atžvilgiu.
This study aimed to examine the role of personal resources in the job demands–resources (JD– R) model of work engagement. We hypothesized that personal resources weaken the negative impact of job ...demands on work engagement. The hypothesis was examined using a sample of employees (N = 58) from multiple branches of four international fast-food chains based in Ireland and Taiwan who completed questionnaires focused on personal resources, job demands and work engagement over 7 consecutive workdays (N = 58*7= 406 occasions). The results support the hypothesis. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.
Bilješka o humanistici Šimić, Krešimir
Crkva u svijetu,
12/2022, Letnik:
57, Številka:
4
Journal Article, Paper
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U članku se polazi od suvremenog dijagnosticiranja stanja u humanističkim znanostima u kojima je, prema Cliffordu Geertzu, došlo do »zamućivanja žanrova«. Zatim se, da bi se pokušalo uputiti u izvore ...promjena, osvrće na osnovne dvadesetostoljetne misaone tendencije. One se nastoje egzemplificirati ponajprije filozofijom Martina Heideggera te u znatno manjoj mjeri postmodernim tendencijama (Jacques Derrida, Giles Deleuze). U konačnici donosi se jedno novo upućivanje u humanistiku, zasnovano na kršćanskoj tradiciji. Pritom se polazi od novog, kršćanskog razumijevanja tjelesnosti.
The article starts from the modern diagnosis of the situation in the humanities in which, according to Clifford Geertz, there has been a »blurring of genres«. Then, in order to try to refer to the sources of changes, the author looks back at the basic twentieth-century thought tendencies. Those tendencies are exemplified primarily by the philosophy of Martin Heidegger and to a much lesser extent by Jacques Derrida and Giles Deleuze. Finally, the article brings a new understanding of the humanities based on the Christian tradition. The starting point is a new, Christian understanding of the flesh.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba Informacinio karo diskursas, priešo propagandos keliama grėsmė bei politikų viešai deklaruojami siekiai saugoti visuomenę nuo sąmoningai ...klaidinančios informacijos ne tik populiarina smegenų plovimo sąvoką, bet ir plečia jos sampratą. Straipsnyje apžvelgiami XXI a. pradžioje atgimstantys smegenų plovimo tyrinėjimai ir naujas požiūris į smegenų plovimą, kuris yra mažiau ideologizuotas. Analizuojamas istorinis smegenų plovimo sąvokos kontekstas, viešojoje erdvėje atsiradę sąvokos konkurentai ir neigiamas mokslininkų bendruomenės požiūris. Smegenų plovimo sąvoka vertinama sąmokslo teorijų kūrimo kontekste, kur išskiriami bent trys funkcionavimo lygmenys: pirminis (savaiminis), elito inicijuotas (oficialusis) ir antrinis (veidrodinis). Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti moksliškai paneigtos smegenų plovimo sąvokos komunikacinio gyvybingumo priežastis ir parodyti, kokių pavojų demokratijai gali kelti politinis piktnaudžiavimas sąmokslo teorijas primenančiomis sąvokomis.
Rawlsova teorija pravednosti predmet je brojnih kritika zbog pretpostavke nemogućnosti adekvatnog uključenja osoba s mentalnim oštećenjima, bilo kao zakonodavaca bilo kao korisnika načela ...pravednosti. Kritika Marthe Nussbaum usmjerena je na problem zakonodavne skupine i mogućnosti uključenja osoba koje su, zbog kriterija racionalnosti i razložnosti, isključene iz procesa formiranja temeljnih načela. U ovome radu prepoznajem probleme s kojima se Rawlsova teorija susreće u svjetlu navedenih kritika te kao rješenje predlažem konstruktivnu interpretaciju teorije pravednosti. Takva interpretacija omogućit će nam proširenje skupine zakonodavaca kroz uključivanje onih pojedinaca s mentalnim oštećenjima koji su, ističe Nussbaum, sposobni sudjelovati u odabiru načela pravednosti. Također, ponuđena interpretacija u opseg pravednosti obuhvatit će i osobe s najtežim oblicima mentalnih poremećaja, tako da im omogući zaštitu putem proširene liste valjanih razloga za načela pravednosti, koji će biti senzibilni prema specifičnim interesima i potrebama takvih osoba.
awls’ theory of justice is the subject of numerous criticisms due to the impossibility of adequately including people with mental disabilities, either as legislators or as beneficiaries of the principle of justice. Martha Nussbaum’s criticism is directed at the question of the legislative group and the possibility of including the interests of persons who, due to the criteria of rationality and reasonableness, are excluded from the process of forming fundamental principles of justice. In this paper, I recognize the problems that Rawls’s theory faces in light of the above criticisms, and as a solution, I propose a constructive and positive interpretation of his theory of justice. Such an interpretation will allow us to expand the group of legislators through the inclusion of those individuals with mental impairments who, according to Nussbaum, are capable of participating in the selection of principles of justice. Furthermore, the offered interpretation will include people with the most severe forms of mental disorders within the scope of justice, through an extended list of reasons relevant to the justification of fundamental rights and principles of justice.
Između slike i ideala Vuger, Dario
Filozofska istraživanja,
08/2023, Letnik:
43, Številka:
2
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
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Autor će sagledati aspekte promišljanja ideje Europe na razmeđu epoha digitalnog i post-digitalnog svijeta kroz znakovite tekstove Edgara Morina Kako misliti Europu? te Komentar uz društvo spektakla ...Guya Deborda, objavljenih koncem osamdesetih godina pro- šloga stoljeća, u pokušaju razumijevanja njihovih temeljnih pozicija i implicitnih stavova o tome s kojom se namjernom i na koji način pristupa realizaciji nečega poput političke i nad-nacionalne unije europskih zemalja usporedno sa strelovitim razvojem digitalnih tehnologija i novih medija. Sâma ideja ujedinjene Europe pojavljuje se ovdje kao kantovski »sumnjivi pleonazam«, čija je vrijednost danas dovedena u pitanje, a posebice s razvojem novih globalnih politika i post-kulturnih virtualnih okruženja koja od pojmova – poput Europa, Mediteran i Zapadni svijet – čine još samo artefakte dekadentne okcidentalne kulture, čije stvarne ruševine prekriva suviše stvarni spektakl virtualnog obilja.
The author will look at aspects of thinking about the idea of Europe at the crossroads of the digital and post-digital epochs – through Edgar Morin’s text Thinking Europe and Guy Debord’s Comments on the Society of the Spectacle, published in the late 1980s, in an attempt to understand their fundamental positions and implicit views on how to approach and pursue something like the political and supranational union of European countries in parallel with the rapid development of digital technologies and new media, which fundamentally change our experience of the world. The very idea of a united Europe appears here as a Kantian “suspicious pleonasm”, whose value is questioned today, especially with the development of new global policies and post-cultural virtual environments that make – notions such as Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Western world – only artifacts of decadent Occidental cultures whose real ruins are overshadowed by an overly real spectacle of virtual abundance.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the place of literary theory in Croatian Literaturwissenschaft, its role in literary studies (especially the study of Croatian literature), its contribution to ...the introduction of new research topics, as well as its encouragement of methodological innovations and critical self-reflection. Focusing on the discussion of Škreb, Stamać, and Biti, the discussion demonstrates that there is no “age of innocence” of literary theory and no harmonious complementarity with literary criticism and literary history. With this in mind and considering the international context, the well-known story of disciplinary crisis is unmasked as just another interpretation that can be questioned, and, in the domestic context, as a form of self-imposed oblivion and nostalgia without any real foundation.
Rad se bavi decizionističkim pravcem u izučavanju organizacije i cilj mu je prikazati teoriju američkog nobelovca Herberta Simona kao njezinoga glavnog predstavnika. U radu se analiziraju neposredno ...Simonovi tekstovi, radovi drugih autora, njegovih bliskih suradnika, ali i kritičara, te domaća literatura koja se bavi odlučivanjem u organizaciji i problemom odlučivanja općenito. Iako je prepoznat njegov izvanredni doprinos disciplini, u domaćoj literaturi iz područja teorije organizacije nedostaje sustavan pregled Simonova rada. Cilj je ovog rada popuniti tu prazninu. U radu se najprije analiziraju temeljni koncepti Simonove teorije odlučivanja: racionalnost odlučivanja i, posebno, ograničenja racionalnosti, potraga za zadovoljavajućim rješenjem, heuristika, razlikovanje između programiranih i neprogramiranih odluka. Zatim se iznosi Simonovo razumijevanje organizacija argumentirajući kako ono počiva na razlikovanju između dvije vrste odluka: odluke o pristupanju u članstvo i drugih odluka koje se donose unutar organizacije. Konačno, zadnji dio rada bavi se kritikom Simonove teorije odlučivanja i teorije organizacije.
The paper deals with the decisionist approach to organization theory and presents the work of American Nobel laureate Herbert Simon as its chief representative. Information is collected from the work written by Simon himself, from books and papers authored by other people, most notably his close associates and critics, as well as Croatian literature dealing with decision-making in organizations and decision-making in general. Although his extraordinary contribution to several disciplines is recognized in the domestic literature, there is no systematic overview of Simon’s work. This paper aims to fill this void. First part of the paper tackles the basic concepts of Simon’s decisionmaking theory: rationality of decision-making and, in particular, bounded rationality, search for a satisfying solution (satisficing), heuristics, and differentiation between programmed and non-programmed decisions. The paper proceeds by presenting Simon’s understanding of decision-making within the organizational setting. It is argued that Simon’s understanding of organizations is anchored in the differentiation between two types of decisions: decision to participate and decision to produce (intraorganizational decisions). Finally, the last part of the paper explores criticism of Simon’s work.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This article is a critical engagement with the work of Axel Honneth and his significance for contemporary Critical Theory, social explanation, and emancipatory politics. I begin by exploring ...Honneth’s sympathies for, and criticisms of, both first generation critical theory and Jürgen Habermas’s emphasis on communicative action. I then consider Honneth’s turn to Hegel’s early work on recognition and his emphasis on the underlying forms of mutual recognition, along with the accompanying forms of self-relation/realisation, disrespect and the potential for moral development and resistance. I explore these alongside Honneth’s ‘formal conception of ethical life’ which he hopes can successfully mediate between formal Kantian morality and substantive communitarian ethics whilst also providing him with both a philosophical justification for his normative position and a standard of moral development for evaluating forms of, and struggles for, recognition. I also briefly outline his recent work on reification and recognition before then considering a number of critical responses to Honneth’s project as a whole. Whilst sympathetic to his focus on recognition, my criticisms of his work emphasise his tendency to idealise the notion of recognition, his lack of a sufficient conception of misrecognition, the ideological role that recognition often plays, and ultimately the abstract and procedural nature of his ‘formal’ conception of ethical life.
Straipsnyje kritiškai įvertinami Axelio Honnetho teoriniai darbai ir jo indėlis į šiuolaikinę kritinę teoriją, sociologinę analizę ir išsivadavimo politiką. Teksto pradžioje aptariamas Honnetho darbų santykis su pirmąja kritinės teorijos karta ir Jürgeno Habermaso komunikatyvaus veiksmo teorija. Vėliau pereinama prie Honnetho susidomėjimo ankstyvaisiais Hegelio darbais apie pripažinimą ir abipusio pripažinimo formas, kurios struktūruoja savivertės, savęs realizavimo, nepagarbos, moralinio vystymosi ir pasipriešinimo galimybes. Analizuodamas moralinio vystymosi standartus, leidžiančius įvertinti visuomeninį pripažinimą ir sykiu kovoti dėl jo, Honnethas kuria „formaliąją etinio gyvenimo koncepciją“. Joje jis bando suderinti komunitarinę etiką ir formalią Kanto moralės filosofiją ir sykiu pagrindžia savo paties normatyvinę laikyseną. Pabaigoje, trumpai pristačius Honnetho vėlyvuosius darbus apie sudaiktinimą ir pripažinimą, imamasi išsamios jo teorijos kritikos. Nors Honnetho pasiūlyta pripažinimo samprata išplečia kritinės teorijos perspektyvas, labiausiai kritikuotinas yra jo polinkis idealizuoti pripažinimo sąvoką, argumentuotos nepripažinimo koncepcijos stoka, ideologinio pripažinimo vaidmens ignoravimas ir abstrakti bei procedūrinė „formalios etinio gyvenimo koncepcijos“ prigimtis.
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