Boko Haram Thurston, Alexander
2017, 2017., 20171031, 2018., 2017-10-31, Letnik:
65
eBook
"Drawing on sources in Arabic and Hausa, rare documents, propaganda videos, press reports, and interviews with experts in Nigeria, Cameroon, and Niger, Alexander Thurston sheds new light on Boko ...Haram's development. He shows that the group, far from being a simple or static terrorist organization, has evolved in its worldview and ideology in reaction to events. Chief among these has been Boko Haram's escalating war with the Nigerian state and civilian vigilantes. The book closely examines both the behavior and beliefs that are the keys to understanding Boko Haram. Putting the group's violence in the context of the complex religious and political environment of Nigeria and the Lake Chad region, the book examines how Boko Haram relates to states, politicians, Salafis, Sufis, Muslim civilians, and Christians. It also probes Boko Haram's international connections, including its loose former ties to al-Qaida and its 2015 pledge of allegiance to ISIS"--Publisher's description
YouTube se enfrenta en la actualidad a una multiplicacion exponencial de contenidos que abiertamente amparan los discursos de odio. En el caso que nos ocupa, proponemos como hipotesis (H1) que el uso ...de contenidos simbolicos permite difundir una ideologia yihadista en YouTube sin tener que ser particularmente explicitos en la promocion de un discurso violento. Se enarbola asi una formula de enmascaramiento estrategico que permite sostener los productos online durante un tiempo considerable, logrando sortear las politicas de restriccion de contenidos. Para verificar tal hipotesis realizamos el analisis simbolico de una pieza documental titulada "Heirs of Glory", difundida en YouTube hasta su posterior eliminacion por parte de la operadora y producida por una organizacion yihadista conocida como Jabhat al Nusrah. Los resultados indican que un 74,04% de las escenas de la pieza muestran contenidos simbolicos de tipo yihadista, cuya exegesis religiosa favorece precisamente un enmascaramiento de la doctrina extremista. Palabras clave:YouTube; yihadismo; simbologia; enmascaramiento; apropiacion cultural. YouTube is currently facing an exponential proliferation of content openly endorsing hate speech. In the case at hand, we propose as a hypothesis (H1) that the use of symbolic content allows for the dissemination of a jihadist ideology on YouTube without the need to be particularly explicit in promoting violent discourse. Thus, a strategic masking formula is employed, which enables online products to be sustained for a considerable amount of time, effectively bypassing content restriction policies. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted a symbolic analysis of a documentary piece titled "Heirs of Glory" disseminated on YouTube and produced by a jihadist organization known as Jabhat al Nusrah. The results indicate that 74.04% of the scenes in the piece show symbolic content of a jihadist nature, whose religious exegesis precisely favors a masking of extremist doctrine. Keywords:YouTube; jihadism; symbology; masking; cultural appropriation.
Social media have played an essential role in the jihadists' operational strategy in Syria and Iraq, and beyond. Twitter in particular has been used to drive communications over other social media ...platforms. Twitter streams from the insurgency may give the illusion of authenticity, as a spontaneous activity of a generation accustomed to using their cell phones for self-publication, but to what extent is access and content controlled? Over a period of three months, from January through March 2014, information was collected from the Twitter accounts of 59 Western-origin fighters known to be in Syria. Using a snowball method, the 59 starter accounts were used to collect data about the most popular accounts in the network-at-large. Social network analysis on the data collated about Twitter users in the Western Syria-based fighters points to the controlling role played by feeder accounts belonging to terrorist organizations in the insurgency zone, and by Europe-based organizational accounts associated with the banned British organization, Al Muhajiroun, and in particular the London-based preacher, Anjem Choudary.
This article studies variation in conflict theater choice by Western jihadists in an effort to understand their motivations. Some militants attack at home, whereas others join insurgencies abroad, ...but few scholars have asked why they make these different choices. Using open-source data, I estimate recruit supply for each theater, foreign fighter return rates, and returnee impact on domestic terrorist activity. The tentative data indicate that jihadists prefer foreign fighting, but a minority attacks at home after being radicalized, most often through foreign fighting or contact with a veteran. Most foreign fighters do not return for domestic operations, but those who do return are more effective operatives than nonveterans. The findings have implications for our understanding of the motivations of jihadists, for assessments of the terrorist threat posed by foreign fighters, and for counterterrorism policy.
Cet article analyse la problimatique de la crise sicuritaire au Burkina Faso a partir des perceptions des populations de la ville de Djibo. Depuis 2016, Djibo est considiri comme 1'ipicentre de cette ...crise avec les actions armies revendiquies par le groupe terroriste Ansarul Islam du pridicateur radical Malam Ibrahim Dicko. Llarticle trace les principales raisons de 1'imergence de 1'insicuriti dans la ville de Djibo a travers les perceptions des acteurs au niveau local. Nous dimontrons que 1'origine de cette crise sicuritaire est liie a 1'instrumentalisah'on des clivages sociaux et religieux, et a une crise de gouvernance qui se manifeste notamment par les hierarchies et inigalitis sociales productrices de frustrations, le sentiment de l'absence de l'Etat et la difficile collaboration entre les populations et certaines forces de difense et de sicuriti. MCCTS-CLES : Ansarul Islam, Burkina Faso, Insicuriti, Islam, Peul, Soum. This article examines the security crisis in Burkina Faso through the perceptions of people in the town of Djibo. Since 2016, Djibo has been an epicenter of this crisis amid acts of armed violence claimed by terrorist group Ansarul Islam, led by radical preacher Malam Ibrahim Dicko. The article considers the primary reasons behind the rise of insecurity in the town of Djibo through the lens of local actors. It demonstrates that the origin of the security crisis is linked to the exploitation of social and religious cleavages, and to a governance crisis stemming from frustration over social hierarchies and inequalities, the sentiment of state absence, and the problematic relationship between local populations and elements ofthe government security forces. KEYWORDS: Ansarul Islam, Burkina Faso, Insecurity, Islam, Peul, Soum.
An incisive narrative history of the Islamic State, from the 2005 master plan to reestablish the Caliphate to its quest for Final Victory in 2020 Given how quickly its operations have achieved global ...impact, it may seem that the Islamic State materialized suddenly. In fact, al-Qaeda's operations chief, Sayf al-Adl, devised a seven-stage plan for jihadis to conquer the world by 2020 that included reestablishing the Caliphate in Syria between 2013 and 2016. Despite a massive schism between the Islamic State and al-Qaeda, al-Adl's plan has proved remarkably prescient. In summer 2014, ISIS declared itself the Caliphate after capturing Mosul, Iraq-part of stage five in al-Adl's plan. Drawing on large troves of recently declassified documents captured from the Islamic State and its predecessors, counterterrorism expert Brian Fishman tells the story of this organization's complex and largely hidden past-and what the master plan suggests about its future. Only by understanding the Islamic State's full history-and the strategy that drove it-can we understand the contradictions that may ultimately tear it apart.
Criminal justice response to terrorism and to the support for terrorism is still a hot topic in Turkey due to ongoing American military support for the PYD, which is Syrian wing of the ...internationally designated terrorist organization PKK whose indiscriminate attacks in Turkey has claimed lives of thousands of civilians. This article first discusses, in light of recent developments, whether exclusion of a separate crime of terrorism from the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court can be a valid argument against Turkey's accession to it. After discovering some of the possible contributions of Turkey's Rome Statute accession to its decades-long struggle against terrorism, this study concludes that Turkey's all other concerns regarding the accession should be periodically reevaluated. Keywords: ICC, Turkey, PKK, Terrorism, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Türkiye'de binlerce sivilin ölümünden sorumlu olan ve Amerika Birlesik Devletleri'nin bizzat kendisinin de terör örgütü olarak tanidigi PKK'nin Suriye kolu olan PYD'ye açiktan devam eden Amerikan askeri destegi, terörizm ve terörizme destek suçlarinin Uluslararasi Ceza Hukuku boyutlarini Türkiye'de yeniden sicak gündem maddesi haline getirmistir. Bu çalismada, öncelikle, terörizm suçunun Uluslararasi Ceza Divanininin yargi yetkisi disinda birakilmis olmasinin, Türkiye'nin bu mahkemeyi kuran Roma Statüsüne katilmayisinin gerekçelerinden biri olup olamayacagi güncel gelismeler isiginda tartisilmistir. Ardindan, Türkiye'nin Roma Statüsüne katilmasinin on yillardir süren terörle mücadelesine sunacagi muhtemel katkilara dikkat çekilerek, Türkiye'nin mahkemeye üye olmama gerekçelerini belirli araliklarla gözden geçirmesi gerektigi vurgulanmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: UCD, Türkiye, PKK, Terörizm, Uluslararasi Ceza Divani Roma Statüsü
Criminal justice response to terrorism and to the support for terrorism is still a hot topic in Turkey due to ongoing American military support for the PYD, which is Syrian wing of the ...internationally designated terrorist organization PKK whose indiscriminate attacks in Turkey has claimed lives of thousands of civilians. This article first discusses, in light of recent developments, whether exclusion of a separate crime of terrorism from the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court can be a valid argument against Turkey's accession to it. After discovering some of the possible contributions of Turkey's Rome Statute accession to its decades-long struggle against terrorism, this study concludes that Turkey's all other concerns regarding the accession should be periodically reevaluated.
The terrorist organizations, of course, are not the first organized terrorist group that humanity encountered. The origin of organized terrorist activities, as it is known, is in the distant past. ...They also will not be the last, because the conditions, which have direct, influence on organization like this one, such as political and economic crises, unfortunately will be in a future inherent in many countries the world. Some terrorist organizations and other similar entities that are using suicide terrorism while planning and organizing suicide attacks using approach with great seriousness and developing special suicide tactics. Thereby they listed suicide terrorism as a special form of fighting with big importance.
PDF
