Interpreters and War Crimes (Edition 1) Takeda, Kayoko
International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning,
01/2021, Letnik:
1, Številka:
4
eBook, Book Review
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Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this book raises new questions and provides different perspectives on the roles, responsibilities, ethics and protection of interpreters in war while ...investigating the substance and agents of Japanese war crimes and legal aspects of interpreters’ taking part in war crimes. Informed by studies on interpreter ethics in conflict, historical studies of Japanese war crimes and legal discussion on individual liability in war crimes, Takeda provides a detailed description and analysis of the 39 interpreter defendants and interpreters as witnesses of war crimes at British military trials against the Japanese in the aftermath of the Pacific War, and tackles ethical and legal issues of various risks faced by interpreters in violent conflict.The book first discusses the backgrounds, recruitment and wartime activities of the accused interpreters at British military trials in addition to the charges they faced, the defence arguments and the verdicts they received at the trials, with attention to why so many of the accused were Taiwanese and foreign-born Japanese. Takeda provides a contextualized discussion, focusing on the Japanese military’s specific linguistic needs in its occupied areas in Southeast Asia and the attributes of interpreters who could meet such needs. In the theoretical examination of the issues that emerge, the focus is placed on interpreters’ proximity to danger, visibility and perceived authorship of speech, legal responsibility in war crimes and ethical issues in testifying as eyewitnesses of criminal acts in violent hostilities. Takeda critically examines prior literature on the roles of interpreters in conflict and ethical concerns such as interpreter neutrality and confidentiality, drawing on legal discussion of the ineffectiveness of the superior orders defence and modes of individual liability in war crimes. The book seeks to promote intersectoral discussion on how interpreters can be protected from exposure to manifestly unlawful acts such as torture.
Prispevek želi na primeru različnih tehnik konferenčnega tolmačenja ponazoriti, kako neizmerno zmogljiv spominski aparat so človekovi možgani in kako se spomin prek pisave in mišičnega spomina ...vpisuje v celotno človekovo telo. Celostnega in čutnega izkustva spominskih sledi v našem telesu ter v stiku s skrivnostno materijo papirja ne more nadomestiti še tako zmogljiv pomnilnik sodobne tehnologije.
Prispevek se sprašuje o upravičenosti določenih političnih ukrepov, ki odrekajo zagotavljanje prevajanja in tolmačenja migrantom, ter zagovarja nove pristope k jezikovni in prevodni politiki, in ...sicer prek raziskave, ki je bila zasnovana kot odziv na trditve, da prevajalske in tolmaške storitve ovirajo integracijo nedavnih priseljencev. Raziskava je bila izvedena na skupini prosilcev za mednarodno zaščito v azilnem domu v Ljubljani. Najprej smo zbrali podatke o jezikovnem ozadju vseh stanovalcev azilnega doma v avgustu 2014 (56 stanovalcev iz 19 različnih držav), nato pa sestavili reprezentativno skupino 18 prosilcev za mednarodno zaščito na podlagi njihovega maternega jezika in jih razdelili na dve skupini glede na čas bivanja v Sloveniji v času intervjuja (krajše ali daljše obdobje). Kvantitativne podatke o jezikovnih profilih smo zbrali z vprašalnikom, kvalitativne pa s pomočjo polstrukturiranih intervjujev, izvedenih v letu 2014, in dveh ponovitvenih intervjujev v letu 2015. Nato smo kvalitativno analizirali transkripcije vseh posnetih intervjujev, pri čemer smo se osredotočali na jezikovne in komunikacijske rešitve na različnih stopnjah migrantovega življenja v državi gostiteljici. Rezultati kažejo, da je osnovne kompromise mogoče doseči, saj so prevajalske in tolmaške storitve komplementarni koraki do neodvisnosti in kot take ne ovirajo učenja dominantnega oz. nacionalnega jezika države gostiteljice, temveč ga podpirajo.
Linking up with Video Salaets, Heidi; Brône, Geert
2020, 2020-01-15, Letnik:
149
eBook
This volume is intended as an innovating reader for both interpreting practitioners as well as scholars, engaging with the multifaceted question addressed in the title "Why linking up with video?".
As a sequel to An Encyclopedia of Translation: ChineseEnglish EnglishChinese, which was published in 1995, this volume, An Encyclopedia of Practical Translation and Interpreting, focuses on practical ...translation and interpreting, the two emerging areas of increasing importance in recent decades. Some chapters in this volume are illustrated with examples in translation between Chinese and English. Scholars and experts from China, France, Hong Kong, Spain, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and the United States share with us their experiences in translation or interpreting practice. This encyclopedia should be of great interest to both specialists and general readers.
Trends in E-Tools and Resources for Translators and Interpreters offers a collection of contributions from key players in the field of translation and interpreting that accurately outline some of the ...most cutting-edge technologies in this field.
This study offers a novel view of Conference Interpreting by looking at EU interpreters as a professional community of practice. In particular, Duflou's work focuses on the nature of the competence ...conference interpreters working for the European Parliament and the European Commission need to acquire in order to cope with their professional tasks. Making use of observation as a member of the community, in-depth interviews and institutional documents, she explores the link between the specificity of the EU setting and the knowledge and skills required. Her analysis of the learning experiences of newcomers in the professional community shows that EU interpreters' competence is to a large extent context-dependent and acquired through situated learning. In addition, it highlights the various factors which have an impact on this learning process. Using the way Dutch booth EU interpreters share the workload in the booth as a case, Duflou demonstrates the importance of mastering collaborative and embodied skills for EU interpreters. She thereby challenges the idea of interpreting competence from an individual, cognitive accomplishment and redefines it as the ability to apply the practical and setting-determined know-how required to function as a full member of the professional community.
The image of the tightrope walker illustrates the interpreter's balancing act. Compelled to move forward at a pace set by someone else, interpreters compensate for pressures and surges that might ...push them into the void. The author starts from the observation that conference interpreters tend to see survival as being their primary objective. It is interpreters' awareness of the essentially face-threatening nature of the profession that naturally induces them to seek what the author calls "dynamic equilibrium", a constantly evolving state in which problems are resolved in the interests of maintaining the integrity of the system as a whole. By taking as a starting point the more visible interventions interpreters make (comments on speed of delivery, on exchanges between the chair and the floor), the author is able to explore the interpreter's instinct for self-preservation in an inherently unstable environment. This volume is an insightful and refreshing account of interpreters' behavior from the other side of the glass-fronted booth.
This book contains a selection of papers presented at the First Forli Conference on Interpreting Studies, held on 9-11 November 2000, which saw the participation of leading researchers in the field. ...The volume offers a comprehensive overview of the current situation and future prospects in interpretation studies, and in the interpreting profession at the beginning of a new century. Topics addressed include not only theoretical and methodological issues, but also applications to training and quality. The range of subjects covered is thus broad and comprehensive. Particular attention is given to the changing profile of the profession, as different modes of interpreting "outside the booth" - i.e. all forms of "dialogue interpreting", as well as interpreting for the media - give rise to new and stimulating research work. The variety of papers in this volume bears witness to the wealth of different perspectives in interpreting studies today. It covers topics of interest to scholars of translation and interpretation studies, professional interpreters, and to anyone interested in language mediation in its theoretical and applied aspects.
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