Secure and efficient lightweight user authentication protocol for mobile cloud computing becomes a paramount concern due to the data sharing using Internet among the end users and mobile devices. ...Mutual authentication of a mobile user and cloud service provider is necessary for accessing of any cloud services. However, resource constraint nature of mobile devices makes this task more challenging. In this paper, we propose a new secure and lightweight mobile user authentication scheme for mobile cloud computing, based on cryptographic hash, bitwise XOR, and fuzzy extractor functions. Through informal security analysis and rigorous formal security analysis using random oracle model, it has been demonstrated that the proposed scheme is secure against possible well-known passive and active attacks and also provides user anonymity. Moreover, we provide formal security verification through ProVerif 1.93 simulation for the proposed scheme. Also, we have done authentication proof of our proposed scheme using the Burrows-Abadi-Needham logic. Since the proposed scheme does not exploit any resource constrained cryptosystem, it has the lowest computation cost in compare to existing related schemes. Furthermore, the proposed scheme does not involve registration center in the authentication process, for which it is having lowest communication cost compared with existing related schemes.
With the introduction of “carbon neutrality”, promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality has become contingent upon the vigorous development of pure electric vehicles. The development of electric ...minivans is receiving substantial backing from the government as China’s logistics vehicle market undergoes a transformation. The drivers of electric minivans in China’s Shanxi Province are the objects of this research, whose purpose was to establish a service model based on the four elements of service design and grounded theory to clarify the key factors of user guarantee for electric minivans. We conducted a pilot study using questionnaires, user patterns, user interviews, and a user journey map to determine the user needs for electric minivan user service guarantees. NVivo was used to analyze and code the user interview data qualitatively. The research findings can serve as a resource for entrepreneurs, service providers, managers, and designers of electric minivans.
Fog computing (FC) is an evolving computing technology that operates in a distributed environment. FC aims to bring cloud computing features close to edge devices. The approach is expected to fulfill ...the minimum latency requirement for healthcare Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. Healthcare IoT devices generate various volumes of healthcare data. This large volume of data results in high data traffic that causes network congestion and high latency. An increase in round-trip time delay owing to large data transmission and large hop counts between IoTs and cloud servers render healthcare data meaningless and inadequate for end-users. Time-sensitive healthcare applications require real-time data. Traditional cloud servers cannot fulfill the minimum latency demands of healthcare IoT devices and end-users. Therefore, communication latency, computation latency, and network latency must be reduced for IoT data transmission. FC affords the storage, processing, and analysis of data from cloud computing to a network edge to reduce high latency. A novel solution for the abovementioned problem is proposed herein. It includes an analytical model and a hybrid fuzzy-based reinforcement learning algorithm in an FC environment. The aim is to reduce high latency among healthcare IoTs, end-users, and cloud servers. The proposed intelligent FC analytical model and algorithm use a fuzzy inference system combined with reinforcement learning and neural network evolution strategies for data packet allocation and selection in an IoT-FC environment. The approach is tested on simulators iFogSim (Net-Beans) and Spyder (Python). The obtained results indicated the better performance of the proposed approach compared with existing methods.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Studying human behavior is of particular interest within the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) as it can provide insight into human performance. Prior HCI research suggests that mouse and ...keyboard monitoring may provide a more complete picture of user behavior under high cognitive loads like decision making and developing tasks. In this exploratory study we investigate the potential correlation between mouse behavioral patterns or keystroke dynamics and a set of End-User Development (EUD) behavioral attributes. We conduct a field test on 30 end-users interacting with a modern web-based EUD tool for the construction of simple web forms. Our findings reveal the existence of several significant correlations between end-users’ behavioral attributes and mouse pattern metrics or keystroke dynamics during the development process. Mouse pattern metrics like random and straight movements, mouse hovers, etc., can be associated with perceived ease use, perceived usefulness, self-efficacy, willingness to learn or risk-perception. Similarly, some keystroke dynamics like key press speed and down-to-down time can be associated with perceived ease of use or self-efficacy. The findings of this work show a new interesting research direction and may motivate the EUD research community to study further the end-users’ mouse and keyboard behavior in today's web-based EUD systems.
•A mouse and keyboard tracking exploratory study is conducted on a EUD environment.•Common mouse behavioral patterns are divided in different sets of mouse metrics.•The aim is to diagnose end-users’ behavioral states from mouse and keyboard input.•Mouse pattern metrics are correlated to all measured EUD behavioral attributes.•Some keystroke metrics are correlated to self-efficacy and perceived ease of use.
Dynamic electricity price mechanism is an important regulation method adopted by power companies in various countries to solve the contradiction between source and charge. According to the principle ...of consumer psychology, a non-cooperative Stackelberg model is constructed based on game theory to study the demand response characteristics of multi-type users. The model classifies users to realize the comprehensive consideration of users with different preferences. Meanwhile, it quantifies the impact of grid load fluctuation on the benefits of the power company and users' satisfaction with electricity consumption. Finally, the model is applied to a practical example, the Nash equilibrium solution of the model is obtained by NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm, and the sensitivity analysis of correlation coefficient is carried out. The results show that the model has a good effect on utility optimization of power supply and demand.
•Users were classified through induction and classification.•Users' satisfaction included electricity consumption mode and cost.•Different users had different satisfaction weights in electricity consumption.•A Nash-Stackelberg model based on consumer psychology and game theory.•Aims were to optimize the peak-valley difference, grid benefits and users' satisfaction.
Systematic reviews are difficult to keep up to date, but failure to do so leads to a decay in review currency, accuracy, and utility. We are developing a novel approach to systematic review updating ...termed “Living systematic review” (LSR): systematic reviews that are continually updated, incorporating relevant new evidence as it becomes available. LSRs may be particularly important in fields where research evidence is emerging rapidly, current evidence is uncertain, and new research may change policy or practice decisions. We hypothesize that a continual approach to updating will achieve greater currency and validity, and increase the benefits to end users, with feasible resource requirements over time.
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► The new EUCS model proposed is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring computing satisfaction. ► System quality directly and indirectly contributes to the observed explanatory ...power of EUCS. ► System quality incorporates system ease of use, speed, documentation, user interface and training. ► Information quality directly and positively affects EUCS. ► Information quality incorporates content, accuracy, format and timeliness.
Over the past decade, hospitals in Greece have made significant investments in adopting and implementing new hospital information systems (HISs). Whether these investments will prove beneficial for these organizations depends on the support that will be provided to ensure the effective use of the information systems implemented and also on the satisfaction of its users, which is one of the most important determinants of the success of these systems. Measuring end-user computing satisfaction has a long history within the IS discipline. A number of attempts have been made to evaluate the overall post hoc impact of HIS, focusing on the end-users and more specifically on their satisfaction and the parameters that determine it. The purpose of this paper is to build further upon the existing body of the relevant knowledge by testing past models and suggesting new conceptual perspectives on how end-user computing satisfaction (EUCS) is formed among hospital information system users.
All models are empirically tested using data from hospital information system (HIS) users (283). Correlation, explanatory and confirmation factor analysis was performed to test the reliability and validity of the measurement models. The structural equation modeling technique was also used to evaluate the causal models.
The empirical results of the study provide support for the EUCS model (incorporating new factors) and enhance the generalizability of the EUCS instrument and its robustness as a valid measure of computing satisfaction and a surrogate for system success in a variety of cultural and linguistic settings.
Although the psychometric properties of EUCS appear to be robust across studies and user groups, it should not be considered as the final chapter in the validation and refinement of these scales. Continuing efforts should be made to validate and extend the instrument.
We attempt to improve user satisfaction with the effects of retrieval results and visual appearance by employing users’ own information. User feedback on digital platforms has been proven to be one ...type of user cognition. Through conducting a digital literature resource organization model based on user cognition, our proposal improves both the content and presentation of retrieval systems. This paper takes Powell's City of Books as an example to describe the construction process of a knowledge network. The model consists of two parts. In the unstructured data part, synopses and reviews were recorded as representatives of user cognition. To build the resource category, linguistic and semantic analyses were used to analyze the concepts and the relationships among them. In the structural data part, the metadata of every book was linked with each other by informetrics relationships. The semantic resource was constructed to assist with building the knowledge network. We conducted a mock-up to compare the new category and knowledge-recommendation system with the current retrieval system. Thirty-nine subjects examined our mock-up and highly valued the differences we made for the improvements in retrieval and appearance. Knowledge recommendation based on user cognition was tested to be positive based on user feedback. There could be more research objects for digital resource knowledge recommendations based on user cognition.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
The explosive growth of Web-based social applications over the last 10 years has led people to engage in online communities for various purposes: to work, learn, play, share time and mementos with ...friends and family and engage in public action. Social Computing Applications (SCA) allow users to discuss various topics in online forums, share their thoughts in blogs, share photos, videos, bookmarks, and connect with friends through social networks. Yet, the design of successful social applications that attract and sustain active contribution by their users still remains more of an art than a science. My research over the last 10 years has been based on the hypothesis that it is possible to incorporate mechanisms and tools in the design of the social application that can motivate users to participate, and more generally, to change their behavior in a desirable way, which is beneficial for the community. Since different people are motivated by different things, it can be expected that personalizing the incentives and the way the rewards are presented to the individual, would be beneficial. Also since communities have different needs in different phases of their existence, it is necessary to model the changing needs of communities and adapt the incentive mechanisms accordingly, to attract the kind of contributions that are beneficial. Therefore User and Group (Community) Modeling is an important area in the design of incentive mechanisms. This paper presents an overview of different approaches to motivate users to participate. These approaches are based on various theories from the area of social psychology and behavioral economics and involve rewards mechanisms, reputation, open group user modeling, and social visualization. Future trends are outlined towards convergence with the areas of persuasive systems design, adaptive/personalized systems, and intelligent social learning environments.
Unlike retail stores, in which the user is forced to be physically present and active during restricted opening hours, online shops may be more convenient, functional and efficient. However, ...traditional online shops often have a narrow bandwidth for product visualizations and interactive techniques and lack a compelling shopping context. In this paper, we report a study on eliciting user-defined gestures for shopping tasks in an immersive VR (virtual reality) environment. We made a methodological contribution by providing a varied practice for producing more usable freehand gestures than traditional elicitation studies. Using our method, we developed a gesture taxonomy and generated a user-defined gesture set. To validate the usability of the derived gesture set, we conducted a comparative study and answered questions related to the performance, error count, user preference and effort required from end-users to use freehand gestures compared with traditional immersive VR interaction techniques, such as the
virtual handle controller
and
ray
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casting
techniques. Experimental results show that the freehand-gesture-based interaction technique was rated to be the best in terms of task load, user experience, and presence without the loss of performance (i.e., speed and error count). Based on our findings, we also developed several design guidelines for gestural interaction.
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