The aim of this research is to analyse the way young people perceive the food waste process, as well as the determinants and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the responsible behaviour of young ...people towards food waste. The research design involves a study on a sample of 375 students from Romanian universities and the development and validation of a model using SEM-PLS. Our findings show that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to more people exhibiting food waste reduction behaviour, an increased awareness for the ethics of food waste among young people, and increased awareness of the environmental consequences of food waste. The limits of the paper refer to non-probability sampling technique and sampling structure that is limited to a single country. The practical implications of the study highlight that this pandemic is a good moment to raise awareness among young people about food waste and we discuss possible strategies on this matter. Our research offers a new perspective on food waste in the conditions of current health crisis, and possible anticipated economic recession, in the future.
Identifying young people who are susceptible to e-cigarettes is important for developing interventions designed to discourage uptake. Current evidence in a broader range of national contexts is ...needed given recent surges in youth e-cigarette use in many countries and the constantly evolving nature of vaping products and the promotional strategies used by the industry to increase their appeal.
A cross-sectional online survey was administered to around 1000 15–30 year olds in each of four countries: Australia, China, India, and the United Kingdom (total n = 4007). The survey assessed demographic characteristics, e-cigarette and tobacco use, exposure to e-cigarette advertising, and number of friends and family members who vape. Those who had never used e-cigarettes (n = 1589) were assessed for susceptibility (curiosity about e-cigarettes, intentions to use in the next 12 months, and likely use if offered by a friend). Mixed effects logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with susceptibility to e-cigarette use.
Susceptibility to e-cigarette use was apparent among 54% of respondents from Australia, 61% from India, 62% from the UK, and 82% from China. Factors positively associated with susceptibility were tobacco use, exposure to advertising, higher income, and having friends and family members who vape. Factors negatively associated with susceptibility were perceptions of harmfulness and education.
The results indicate the need across a diverse range of countries for interventions designed to address substantial proportions of young people who are likely to be susceptible to e-cigarette use.
•Many young people worldwide are trialing e-cigarettes despite potential harm.•Most work to date on e-cigarette susceptibility has been conducted with US students.•High levels of susceptibility were identified in youth in four diverse countries.•Timely interventions are needed that focus on potential harms.•Restricting e-cigarette advertising may reduce susceptibility levels.
To identify evaluations of interventions that target multiple risk factors in high‐risk young people, describe their characteristics, critique their methodological quality and summarise their ...effectiveness.
A search of the literature published between 2009 and 2014 identified 13 evaluations of interventions that targeted multiple risk factors, compared to 95 evaluations that targeted single risk factors. The methodological adequacy of the 13 evaluation studies was analysed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies and information regarding characteristics and intervention effectiveness was extracted and summarised.
There were very few outcome evaluation studies of interventions that targeted multiple risk factors, relative to single risk factors, among high‐risk young people. Of the identified studies, half were methodologically weak. Interventions delivered in community settings targeted a greater number of risk factors, while those delivered in a school or health setting reported a higher proportion of statistically significant outcomes. No economic analyses were conducted.
More methodologically rigorous evaluations of interventions targeting multiple risk factors among high‐risk young people are required, especially for those delivered in community settings. Four key areas for improvement are: i) more precisely defining the risk factors experienced by high‐risk young people; ii) achieving greater consistency across interventions; iii) standardising outcome measures; and iv) conducting economic analyses.
•This study explores young people’s behaviour intentions to reduce PM2.5 in China.•The extended theory of planned behaviour model has been adopted.•Personal moral norm is significantly related to ...intention to reduce PM2.5.•The indirect effect of subjective norm is greater than direct effect.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions have attracted extensive attention because of their severe negative impacts on human health and the national economy. Promoting public participation in reducing PM2.5, especially among young people, is one effective manner in which to control PM2.5 emissions. The present study explores the determinants that influence young people’s behavioural intentions towards reducing PM2.5 using an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), which incorporates personal moral norms. Additionally, this paper evaluates and compares the direct and indirect relationships between subjective norms and PM2.5 reduction intentions. This study was tested empirically using survey data collected from 425 respondents in China. The results revealed that young people’s attitude towards reducing PM2.5, the subjective norm, was that behavioural control and personal moral norms significantly affect PM2.5 reduction intentions. Furthermore, the indirect effects of subjective norms on PM2.5 reduction intentions via other determinants were 2.5 times greater than the direct effect. In addition, the results also validated the appropriateness of the extended theory of planned behaviour for exploring young people’s PM2.5 reduction intention. Based on the results, implications and future research directions are also discussed.
The incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) infection was highest among older adults early in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this pattern was later reversed with ...young adults showing the highest incidence. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors in healthcare workers (HCWs) associated with this evolution.
We conducted a survey nested within a prospective cohort study of 680 HCWs from a tertiary referral public hospital who received 2 doses of SARS-CoV‑2 vaccine in January and February 2021 (VACCICO-VAO cohort). In October 2022 all participants were invited to participate in a survey. Risk factors were tested for association with COVID-19 ever, the number of COVID-19 episodes, and the time to the first episode.
Among 350 respondents (51% response rate, 90% female, mean age 48.1 years), 323 COVID-19 episodes were diagnosed during the study period. Multivariable analysis revealed that age < 35 years vs. > 50 years (odds ratio, OR 2.12, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.27-3.51; P = 0.004) and not maintaining social distance at social events (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.16-3.19; P = 0.011) were associated with a higher risk of COVID-19. Age < 35 years (hazard ratio, HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.14-2.54; P = 0.010), and not maintaining social distance (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.72; P = 0.020) were also associated with the time to the first episode.
The youngest HCWs had the highest incidence rate of COVID-19, which was not explained by occupational risk factors or health conditions. The increase in nonoccupational exposure since the end of the lockdowns in summer 2020 could by a key factor.
Malgré sa longue tradition de mise en valeur agricole, sa relative stabilité socio-politique (non concernée par le conflit casamançais), la région de Kolda est devenue au cours de ces dernières ...années une zone de départ pour la migration internationale. Cet article se propose d’étudier la situation des jeunes de la région de Kolda par rapport aux politiques de développement rural et la manière dont ces dernières concourent à la migration tout en mettant l’accent sur le contexte géographique. Il s’appuie sur des données quantitatives provenant de l’Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie et des données qualitatives collectées en 2020 dans ladite région. L’analyse révèle que les difficultés d’accès au foncier agricole pour les jeunes, leur marginalisation dans les activités du marché hebdomadaire de Diaobé et le piège de la production du coton qui se referme sur eux, ont entrainé la désillusion. Ces facteurs de désenchantement combinés aux résultats mitigés des programmes agricoles de développement concourent à la migration. Dans un contexte de fermeture des frontières européennes et de dévalorisation de la migration interne et sous-régionale, la Libye, naguère destination d’une migration de travail pendant le règne de Khadafi, aujourd’hui pays de transit de la migration dite irrégulière vers l’Europe, continue de polariser les flux migratoires.
Despite its long tradition of agricultural development and relative socio-political stability (not affected by the Casamance conflict), the Kolda region has become a departure area for international migration in recent years. This article examines the situation of young people in the Kolda region in relation to rural development policies and the way in which these policies contribute to migration, with particular emphasis on the geographical context. It is based on quantitative data from the Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie and qualitative data collected in 2020 in the region. The analysis reveals that young people's difficulties in accessing agricultural land, their marginalisation in the activities of the weekly market in Diaobé and the trap of cotton production closing in on them, have led to disillusionment. These disillusionment factors, combined with the mixed results of agricultural development programmes, led to migration. With European borders closed and internal and sub-regional migration devalued, Libya - once a destination for labour migration during Gaddafi's reign, now a transit country for so-called irregular migration to Europe - continues to polarise migratory flows.
Au Maroc, les moins de 25 ans représentaient 43% de la population en 2019 et d'ici 2030, la part des 15-24 ans représentera l'un des principaux groupes d'âges dans le pays. La jeunesse a donc un rôle ...primordial à jouer dans le développement social, économique, culturel et politique du pays.
Abstract
In 2016, the UK voted to leave the European Union (EU). This outcome was not only unexpected but also had clear geographical and age‐bound divisions. While people over the age of 65 tended ...to vote to leave, younger voters were more likely to vote to remain a part of the EU. Reflecting on 7 years of journalism, this paper explores the ways in which young people have been represented by the news media with regards to the issue of Brexit. It analyses a database of 700 news media articles published from 2016 to 2022 across the UK, equating to 100 articles per calendar year and ranging from regional sources to those with an international reach. The paper showcases how young people occupy liminal spaces within the news media through an analysis of the language used to describe their political participation, and a focus on their role within political activism. As it is this media that dominates hegemonic narratives within traditional political spheres, the retelling and representation of young people's engagement serves, we argue, to reinforce their liminality as citizens apart.
Short Abstract
Reflecting on 7 years of journalism and analysing 700 news media articles related to Brexit and young people, this paper showcases how these media reinforce the liminal spaces occupied by this demographic in political discourse. As it is this media that dominates hegemonic narratives within traditional political spheres, the retelling and representation of young people's engagement serves, we argue, to reinforce their liminality as citizens apart.
PDF
